LAN Network Topologies

There are two types of topology:

physical and
logical.
 Main Types of Topologies
The following sections discuss the
physical topologies used in networks
and other related topics.
 Linear Bus
 Star

 Star-Wired Ring

 Tree
 Linear Bus Topology
Consists of a main run of cable with a
terminator at each end (See fig. ).
All nodes are connected to the linear cable.
Ethernet and LocalTalk networks use a
linear bus topology.
Linear Bus Topology
 Linear Bus Topology
Advantages.
Easy to connect components.
Less cable length than a star topology.

Disadvantages.
Overdepedent on the main cable.
Need for Terminators.
Difficult to troubleshoot.
 Star Topology
Each node connected directly to a central
network hub or concentrator.

The hub or concentrator manages and controls

all functions of the network.

The protocols used with star configurations are

usually Ethernet or local talk.
Star Topology
 Star Topology

Advantages
Easy to install and wire.

No disruptions to the network when

connecting or removing devices.

Easy to detect faults and to remove parts.

 Star Topology
Disadvantages
More cable length than a linear
topology.
If the hub or concentrator fails, nodes
attached are disabled.
More expensive than linear bus
topologies
 Star Wired Ring Topology
Appear (externally) to be the same as a
star topology.

Internally, the MAU (multistation access

unit) allows information to pass from
one device to another in a circle or ring.

The Token Ring protocol uses a star-

wired ring topology.
Star Wired Ring Topology
 Tree Topology
Combines characteristics of linear bus
and star topologies.

Groups of star-configured workstations

are connected to a linear bus backbone.

Allow for the expansion of an existing

network.
Tree Topology
 Tree Topology
Advantages.
Point-to-point wiring for individual segments.
Supported by several hardware and software
vendors.
Disadvantages.
Overall the type of cabling used limits length of
each segment.
Over dependent on the backbone.
More difficult to configure and wire.
 Summary Chart
Physical Topology Common Cable Common Protocol

Coax
Ethernet
Linear Bus TwistedPair
LocalTalk
Fiber

Twisted Pair Ethernet

Star
Fiber LocalTalk

Star-Wired Ring Twisted Pair Token Ring

Coax
Tree Twisted Pair Ethernet
Fiber