HINDUISM

KELVIN PAUL BAMBA PANUNCIO

 Identify the names of
the major Hindu
The creation story in
deities as well as
Rig Veda
their corresponding
functions or powers

Explain: The core teaching of Hinduism

is the attainment of liberation in the
identification of Atman and Brahman
through the Four Yogas.
 HINDUISM
Is One Of The Oldest Religions In The World Today,
But It Is Relatively Unknown In The Philippines. It
Has A Rich History And A Wide Variety Of
Practices, Schools Of Thought, And Styles Of
Worship. It Has Also Directly Influenced Other
Religions Such As Buddhism And Jainism, Which
Also Originated In India.
• A. Founders: Aryans (1500 B.C.)
• B. Sacred Texts: Vedas, Upanishads And Bhagavad-gita
• C. Doctrines: Dharma-duty, Kama -pleasure, Artha-
wealth, Moksha-liberation, Brahman, Atman, The
Identification Of Brahman And Atman, The Four Yogas
(Yoga Of Knowledge, Yoga Of Work, Yoga Of Devotion
Or Love, And Yoga Of Psychological Exercises)
• D. Gods: 33 Million Gods And Goddesses
• E. Issues: Gender Inequality, Caste System, Poverty
 UNIVERSAL SELF (ATMAN) AND ULTIMATE
REALITY (BRAHMAN)

• ONE OF THE KEY CONCEPTS OF HINDUISM IS THE BELIEF IN AN ULTIMATE REALITY CALLED BRAHMAN
WHICH IS THE SOURCE OF ALL LIVING THINGS IN THIS UNIVERSE.

BRAHMAN IS THE GROUND OF ALL REALITY AND EXISTENCE. BRAHMAN IS UNCREATED, EXTERNAL,
INFINITE AND ALL-EMBRACING. IT IS THE ULTIMATE CAUSE AND GOAL OF ALL THAT EXISTS. IT IS ONE
AND IT IS ALL. ALL BEINGS EMANATE FROM BRAHMAN; ALL BEINGS WILL RETURN BACK TO THE SAME
SOURCE. BRAHMAN IS IN ALL THINGS AND IT IS THE TRUE SELF (ATMAN) OF ALL BEINGS.
• UPANISHADS, THE ANCIENT SCRIPTURE OF HINDUISM, TEACHES THAT THE ULTIMATE GROUND OF THE
UNIVERSE IS ONE WITH THE GROUND OF THE THINKER HIMSELF. FOR INSTANCE CHANDOGYA
UPANISHAD SUGGESTED, "TAT TVAM ASI" ('THAT ART THOU' OR "THAT IS WHAT YOU ARE.") EXPRESSING
THE IDENTITY OF BRAHMAN AND THE SELF (ATMAN). 
• IN HINDUISM, THERE ARE FOUR MAIN WAYS TO REACH TOWARDS THE
DIVINE REALITY, WHETHER THE ULTIMATE GOAL IS A BETTER LIFE, UNION
WITH THE DIVINE, OR A RELEASE FROM LIFE. THE WAYS ARE CALLED 
YOGA, A WORD SIMILAR TO THE ENGLISH TERM "YOKE." AND, JUST AS
YOKE IMPLIES A BURDEN OR A DISCIPLINE OF ACTIONS, SO TOO DOES
YOGA. EACH YOGA PUTS ON ITS FOLLOWERS A SET OF ACTIONS THAT
HELP LEAD THE PRACTITIONER TOWARDS THEIR GOAL. THE YOGAS ARE: 
JNANA YOGA, BHAKTI YOGA, KARMA YOGA, AND RAJA YOGA. THE FIRST
THREE ARE DISCUSSED IN THE BHAGAVAD GITA, WHILE THE FOURTH
DERIVES INITIALLY FROM THE YOGA SUTRA. THESE ARE ALL SPIRITUAL
APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING THE DIVINE WORLD; WHAT WE IN THE
WEST GENERALLY TERM YOGA--FORMS OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE AND
CONTROL OF THE BODY--IS PROPERLY KNOWN AS HATHA YOGA. IT HAS NO
SPIRITUAL IMPACT.
 The four paths of Yoga: There are four traditional schools of Yoga, and these are: Jnana
Yoga, Bhakti Yoga, Karma Yoga, and Raja Yoga. While a Yogi or Yogini may focus exclusively on
one of these approaches to Yoga, that is quite uncommon. For the vast majority of practitioners
of Yoga, a blending of the four traditional types of Yoga is most appropriate. One follows his or
her own predisposition in balancing these different forms of Yoga.

Jnana Yoga: Jnana Yoga is the path of knowledge, wisdom, introspection and
contemplation. It involves deep exploration of the nature our being by systematically
exploring and setting aside false identities.
Bhakti Yoga: Bhakti Yoga is the path of devotion, emotion, love, compassion, and
service to God and others. All actions are done in the context of remembering the
Divine.
Karma Yoga: Karma Yoga is the path of action, service to others, mindfulness, and
remembering the levels of our being while fulfilling our actions or karma in the world.
Raja Yoga: Raja Yoga is a comprehensive method that emphasizes meditation, while
encompassing the whole of Yoga. It directly deals with the encountering and
transcending thoughts of the mind.