CHAPTER 6

THE HUMAN PERSON

FLOURISHING IN TERMS OF
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
IT HAS ALWAYS
BEEN DEFINED
AS A MEANS TO
AN END AND A
HUMAN
ACTIVITY.
SELECTED VIEWS ON
TECHNOLOGY
• ARISTOTELIANISM
• TECHNOLOGICAL PESSIMISM
• TECHNOLOGICAL OPTIMISM
• EXISTENTIALISM
ARISTOTELIANISM
ARISTOTELIANISM

To Aristotle, technology is the organizing

of techniques in order to meet the
demand that is being posed by humans.
TECHNOLOGICAL
PESSIMISM
TECHNOLOGICAL PESSIMISM
Technological Pessimism holds that
although technology is progressive and
beneficial in many ways, it is also
doubtful in many ways.

JACQUES ELLUL’S PESSIMISTIC ARGUMENTS

1. Technological progress has a price.
2. Technological progress creates more problems.
3. Technological progress creates damaging effects.
4. Technological progress creates unpredictable devastating effects.
Technological Optimism
Technological Optimism
• Technology can alleviate all the difficulties and provide
solutions that may come.

• It holds that even though technological problems may

arise, technology will still be the solutions to it.

• Technocratism
Existentialism
 Existentialism
• Existence or the mode of being of someone or something which is
governed by the norm of authenticity.

• Martin Heidegger

• The gathering of the setting upon which challenges man to bring the
unconcealed to unconcealment. And this is a continuos revealing.
MARTIN HEIDEGGER ON
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
HUMAN
MARTIN
HEIDEGGER
INSTRUMENTAL AND
ANTHROPOLOGICAL

TECHNOLOGY IS BY NO MEANS
TECHNOLOGICAL
ARISTOTLE’S FOUR CAUSES
ARISTOTLE’S FOUR CAUSES

1. CAUSA MATERIALIS / MATERIAL CAUSE

2. CAUSA FORMALIS / FORMAL CAUSE
3. CAUSA EFFICIENS / EFFICIENT CAUSE
4. CAUSA FINALIS /FINAL CAUSE
HEIDEGGER’S ILLUSTRATION

CHALICE
POIESIS
- BRINGING FORTH / REVEALING
HEIDEGGER’S TECHNOLOGY
AS A WAY OF REVEALING
TWO-WAY RELATIONSHIP
 CONCEALED CALLING OUT FOR
UNCONCEALMENT.

THE RECEIVER OF THE CALL WILL ACT

UPON TO UNCONCEAL THE CONCEAL.
HEIDEGGER’S TECHNOLOGY AS A WAY OF REVEALING

Ancient Windmill Modern Windmill

HEIDEGGER’S TECHNOLOGY AS A
WAY OF REVEALING

Traditional farming Revolutionized agriculture

 HEIDEGGER’S TECHNOLOGY AS A WAY OF REVEALING

Wooden bridge on Rhine river Hydroelectric plant on Rhine River

STANDING RESERVE

closely related to the idea of

"instrumentality“
technology that is ready to be used in the
future.
ENFRAMING (Gestell)

 the  gathering  together  of that  setting-upon

which  sets  upon  man,  i.e.,  challenges  him 
forth,  to  reveal  the real,  in  the  mode  of 
ordering,  as  standing-reserve. 
MAURLY NAVARRO
THE ESSENCE OF TECHNOLOGY
THE ESSENCE OF TECHNOLOGY
THE ESSENCE OF TECHNOLOGY

Enframing (two-way relationship)

• Man cannot set himself upon

unconcealment without
unconcealment's call

Unconcealed will not go to into

unconcealment without the
man responding to its call
THE DANGER OF THE NONSTOP
REVEALING
Conceal
Perception
Good
Bad
SOCIETY IN THE FACE OF
SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY
TECHNOLOGY
SOCIAL MEDIA
Thanks to the internet, each person with marginal views
can see that he’s not alone.

People create memes, publications and entire online

worlds that bolster their worldview, and then break into
the mainstream.
DOWNSIDE
LESS TALK
NO CONTENTMENT
MORE BOTS
THIS HUMAN CONDITION IS NOT OF WITHOUT HOPE
 PERFECTLY BALANCED…

…AS ALL THINGS SHOULD BE

ANY
QUESTIONS???