ASOIU

ATM
MACHINES
University: Azerbaijan State Oil and Industry University
Instructor: Hajiyev Yashar
Group: ZU - 051
Presenters: Aghayev Fadai, Muradov Ali, Hagverdiyev Elgun,
Isgandarli Mahyaddin
 FLOW OF THE PRESENTATION:

ATM MACHINE
01 ATM MACHINE 02 COMPONENTS

ATM MACHINE AUTOMATA

03 PROCESSSES 04 MECHANISM

COMMON ISSUES
05 WITH ATM MACHINES
01.
ATM
MACHINES
WHAT IS AN ATM MACHINE?
ATM MACHINE
An ATM, or Automated Teller
Machine, is a device that allows
individuals to conduct financial
transactions without the need for a
human teller or bank
representative. ATMs are typically
located in public places such as
banks, shopping centers, and
convenience stores, and are
available 24 hours a day, 7 days a
week.
Why do we need
ATM?
Access to Cash: ATMs allow customers
to withdraw cash from their accounts
at any time of the day or night,
providing them with quick and easy
access to their money. This is especially
important in situations where
customers may not have access to a
physical bank branch, or when they
need cash quickly.
Time-Saving: Using an ATM is often faster than visiting a bank branch, as customers can complete
transactions quickly and without having to wait in long lines.

Improved Security: ATMs have advanced security features, such as PINs and biometric
authentication, that help to protect customers' accounts and prevent fraud.
 ATM MACHINE COMPONENTS
1. Input Devices : keypad,
card reader, touch
screen
2. Output Devices :
screen, receipt printer,
speakers
3. Cash Dispenser
4. Vault
5. Network Connectivity
6. Security Camera
(In some of them)
 Input devices
These devices allow
customers to input
information into the ATM
machine. Common input
devices include a
keypad for entering the
PIN (Personal
Identification Number), a
card reader for reading
the magnetic stripe or
chip on the ATM card,
and a touch screen for
selecting options.
Output Devices
Output Devices: These
devices provide
information to
customers. Common
output devices include
a screen for displaying
transaction details, a
receipt printer for
printing transaction
receipts, and speakers
for providing voice
guidance to
customers.
Other components
Cash Dispenser: This
component dispenses cash to
customers based on the
transaction request.
Vault: The vault is a secure
enclosure that stores the cash
and is designed to prevent
unauthorized access.
Network Connectivity: ATM
machines are typically
connected to a bank's network
to access customer account
information, process
transactions, and communicate
with the bank's backend
systems.
Processes of an ATM machine:
1. Card Authentication: The ATM machine reads the information from the magnetic stripe or
chip on the ATM card to authenticate the card and verify the customer's identity.
2. PIN Verification: The customer enters their PIN on the keypad, which is verified by the ATM
machine to ensure that it matches the PIN associated with the card.

3. Transaction Selection: The customer selects

the desired transaction from the options
displayed on the screen, such as withdrawing
cash, depositing money, checking account
balance, transferring funds, and more.
4. Transaction Processing: The ATM machine
processes the selected transaction request by
communicating with the bank's backend
systems over the network. This may involve
verifying account balance, deducting the
requested amount, updating the account
balance, and generating a transaction receipt.
Processes of an ATM machine:
5. Cash Dispensing/Deposit: If the transaction involves cash withdrawal, the
ATM machine dispenses the requested amount of cash to the customer. If the
transaction involves a cash deposit, the customer can deposit cash into the ATM
machine, and the machine verifies and counts the deposited cash.

6. Transaction Completion:
Once the transaction is
processed and completed, the
ATM machine provides a
receipt to the customer, which
may include details such as
transaction amount, account
balance, and transaction
reference number.
Automata Process:
An ATM machine can
be modeled as a Finite
State Machine (FSM),
which is a
mathematical model
used to represent a
system that can be in
one of a finite number
of states at any given
time. The FSM
consists of a finite
number of states, a set
of inputs, a set of
transitions between
states based on the
inputs, and a set of
outputs.
AUTOMATA PART:
To represent an ATM
machine as a FSM, we can
define the following states:

Idle: The initial state of the

machine, where the user has
not yet inserted their card.

Card Inserted: The state after

the user has inserted their
card.
PIN Entered: The state after the
user has entered their PIN.
AUTOMATA PART:
Transaction Selection: The state where the user selects the type of transaction they wish to perform.

Transaction Processing: The state where the machine processes the transaction.

Transaction Complete: The final state where the user receives their cash or other requested output.
 Card reader problems: ATM machines may
PROBLEMS OF ATM: also face issues with card readers. This can
happen due to a faulty card reader or a
Nowadays, we
can face some damaged magnetic stripe on the card. It is
issues with important to check your card for any
ATM. Here are damages before inserting it into the machine.
some of them:

Cash jams: One of the most

common issues with ATM
machines is cash jams, where
notes get stuck in the
dispenser or in the feeder.
This can happen due to
worn-out parts or poor
maintenance of the machine.
 Network issues: ATM machines rely on a network connection to process transactions.
A weak network connection or server outage can cause the machine to become
unresponsive or slow, leading to delays or failed transactions.

Out of cash: ATM

machines can run
out of cash,
especially during
busy periods or
weekends. This
can be frustrating
for customers
who need cash
urgently and have
to go to another

NO CASH LEFT,
machine to
withdraw money.
Incorrect dispense of cash: Sometimes the ATM machine may dispense the wrong amount of cash,
leading to discrepancies in the account balance. This can happen due to technical glitches or errors in
the machine's software.

Fraudulent transactions: ATM machines can also be targeted by fraudsters who install skimming
devices or cameras to steal customers' card details and PINs. It is important to be vigilant and report
any suspicious activity to the bank or the authorities.

Accessibility issues:
ATM machines may not
always be accessible to
people with disabilities,
such as those who use
wheelchairs or have visual
impairments. This can
create barriers to
accessing banking services
for some customers.
THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!