6311271

Computational Fluid Dynamics

06. Guidance of Mid-Test

Budi Aji Warsiyanto & Muhammad Hadi Widanto

Faculty of Aerospace Technology
Universitas Dirgantara Marsekal Suryadarma
Discretization

Best Practices-Meshing
Choosing mesh strategy depends on

Easiness to
Accuracy Efficiency
Generate

Goal: Find the best compromise

between accuracy, efficiency, and
easiness to generate
Best Practices-Meshing
 Grid must be able to capture important physics:
 Boundary layers
 Heat transfer
 Shocks (compress)
 Flow gradient (pressure and velocity)

No grid points in the boundary layer At least some point in the boundary layer
Best Practices-Meshing
 Mesh Quality
 Cell not too distorted
 Cell not too stretched
 Smooth cell transitions

Good-aspect ratio = 1 High-aspect ratio

Good Not good Good Not good

Best Practices-Meshing
 Grid generation
 Skewness or scalable (accuracy, convergence)
 Aspect ratio < 10

 Mesh quality
 Finite Volume Method is a cell (sub-domain) method and results are catastrophic for irregular cell shapes
(if not very small in size).
 Always advisable to keep the meshing uniform but to capture various phenomena, the mesh has to be
varied.
 For this reason it is strongly recommended that the variation of the mesh size should not be abrupt but
smooth.

Not good Good

SOLIDWORKS Flow Simulation
 To run the solidworks flow simulation we must activate the Adds-Ins Flow simulation as follows:
Click on the option click add-Ins check solidworks flow motion click OK

 solidworks flow simulation has several features that can be used for analysis purposes. As for
using it, click on the tools menu, select flow simulation
Tools Flow Simulation Solidwork

Projects Digunakan untuk pengelolaan dan informasi dari project

Pembuatan project baru

Pembuatan project baru dengan bantuan wizard
Rebuild project secara manual
Rebuild project secara otomatik
Menampilkan semua callout dari project
Menampilan mesh dari project tanpa warna
Menampilan mesh dari project dengan warna
Membuat duplikasi dari project
Membuat templete
Menghapus project
Menambah komentar dalam project
Menampilkan informasi dari project
Menampikan penypanan lokasi folder pada project
Kustomisasi tampilan menu
Tools Flow Simulation Solidwork

Editing project
Input kondisi batas kedalam project
Pengaturan general Analisa flow simulation
Pengaturan unit yang digunakan
Pengaturan domain komputasi fluida
Pengaturan mesh secara global
Pengaturan komponen yang terlibat
Pengaturan proses kalkulasi (running)
Melakukan proses kalkulasi (running)
Menampilkan hasil result pada kalkulasi
Tools tambahan

Kustomisasi tampilan menu

 Menambah parameter umum global
Menambah parameter goal dengan titik
Menambah parameter goal dengan surface
Menambah parameter goal dengan volume
Menambah parameter goal dengan persamaan
Menambah kondisi batas, inlet, outlet, dan wall
Mendefinisikan kondisi inisial
Mendefinisikan medium berpori
Mendefinisikan material pejal pada komponen
Menambahkan sumber panas dari surface
Menambahkan sumber panas dari volume
Insert Digunakan untuk
Menambahkan efek radiasi dari surface
menambahkan input
Menambahkan sumber radiasi
pada analisa flow
Menambahkan input berupa rotating fan
Membuat Analisa kontaminasi fluida
Membuat local mesh
Menstransfer kondisi batas
Mnembahkna input berupa Heat sink
Membuat domain daera berputar (region rotating)
Membuat fluida aliran sub domain
Menambah resistensi kontak untuk area termal
Menambahkan pendingin termoelektrik
Medefinisikan plat berlubang
Mendefinisikan komponen dengan dua resistor
Mendefinisikan arus, voltase, dan resistensi kontak
Menambahkan parameter heat pipe
Mendefiisikan sambungan thermal (dua faces)
Mendefinisikan kompoen PCB
Kostumisasi menu insert
Tools Flow Simulation Solidwork

Menjalankan kalkulasi Analisa flow

Menjalankan kalkulasi dalam kelompok batch
Membuat optimalisasi Analisa fluida
Menampilkan jendela monitoring Analisa flow

Kostumisasi menu solve

Solve Digunakan untuk menjalankan metode kalkulasi

Tools Flow Simulation Solidwork
Result Digunakan untuk pengaturan output pada Analisa flow

Mengaktifkan dan menonaktifkan result

Membuka result dari lokasi folder
Menampilkan result pada waktu tertentu

Menampilkan informasi dari result

Membuat screen capture

Menampilkan hasil bacaan di lokasi tertentu

Menampilkan result dengan batch
Mengaktifkan / menonaktifkan tampilan
Mebandingkan/komparasi result
Membuat pengamatan seperti cut plot, surface plot, dll
Membaca parameter goal yang telat dibuat sebelumnya
Membua report dari project pada MS. Word
Membuat table maximum/minimum goal
Menampilkan hasil dari meshing
Membuat table perjernihan (refinement)

Pengatruan referensi [arameter acuan fluida mechanics

Pengaturan tampil grafik pengamatan
Penngaturan playback dari animasi fluida

Kostumisasi menu solve

Tools Flow Simulation Solidwork

Tools Digunakan untuk membantu dalam berlangsungnya analisa flow

Kumpulan berbagai database properties

Pengecekan geometri untuk Analisa fluida
Pembuatan komponen penutup/lid
Untuk melakukan tracing kebocoran
Kalkulator gas dynamic
Mengcopy feature kedalam suatu projek
Modifikasi Parameter
Penjelajahan keseluruh komponen
Pengaturan prioritas dari material
Menambah properties material dari mode
Mengeksport dari flow sim pada simulation
Mengeskport result pada format .txt
Pengaturan solidwork flow simulation
Kustomisasi menu tools
 PROCEDURE SIMULATION

PRE-PROCESSING RUNNING POST-PROCESSING

 PROCEDUR Calculation

- Pre Processing Processing Post Processing

This step is the initial stage of the is an iterative process that we can display the
simulation where we have to define repeatedly aims to achieve calculation results such as
the type of study, boundary convergence of each goal parameter the distribution of pressure,
conditions, meshing technique, that has been made in order to velocity, mass fraction, drag,
goals, system unit, fluid used, wall obtain accurate results etc.
conditions, initial conditions before
the running process.
There are analysis that can be
simulated on solidwork :
a) Internal analysis
b) External analysis
c) Heat condition in solid
d) Radiation
e) Time dependent
f) Gravity
g) Rotation
h) Free surface
Discretization
 Analytical solutions of partial differential equations give
the variation of the dependent variables continuously
throughout the domain.
 In contrast, numerical solutions can give answers at only
discrete points in the domain, called grid points.
 Assume that the spacing of the grid points in the
direction is uniform and given by (constant) and in is
same.
 The grid points are identified by an index which runs in
the direction and an index in the direction.
 Hence, if is the index for point , then the point to the
right of is labeled as , the point to the left is , the point
above is , and the point below is .
Discretization
 Imagine that we have a two-dimensional flow-field
which is governed by the Navier-Stokes equations (PDE).
 An analytical solution of these equation would provide
for etc., as functions of and , which could be used to
give values of the infinite number of () points in the
domain.
 On the other hand, if the partial derivatives in the
governing equations are replaced by approximate
algebraic (are expressed strictly in terms of the flow-field
variables at two or more of the discrete grid points
shown in Figure), then the partial differential equations
are totally replaced by a system algebraic equations
which can be solved for the values of flow-field variables
at the discrete grid points only.
Discretization

 Difference of method
 Analytical solution: continuous function
 Numerical solution: discrete function
 If your discretization (meshing) is wrong, then you will
probably obtain wrong result (garbage in garbage out).
 To understand discretization a little better is given a
simple analogy.

 Large number of points to infinity you would be able to

replicate the exact curve, and that is a power of
discretization.
 If you don’t discretize your problem optimally, you can’t
expect good results.
Example simulation
MESH LEVEL

MESH LEVEL 5 MESH LEVEL 3

MESH LEVEL 1
 PROCESSING

LVL 2 level 3 LVL 5

Parameter Value Parameter Value Parameter Value
Status Solver is finished. Status Solver is finished. Status Solver is finished.
Cells 16,966 Cells 167,710 Cells 871,778
Fluid cells 16,642 Fluid cells 157,682 Fluid cells 814,238
Solid cells 324 Solid cells 10,028 Solid cells 57,540
Partial cells 4,694 Partial cells 18,014
Partial cells 324
Iterations 173 Iterations 347
Iterations 76
Last iteration finished 05:33:08 Last iteration finished 00:39:18
Last iteration finished 19:27:43
CPU time per last CPU time per last
CPU time per last iteration 00:00:00 iteration 00:00:43
iteration 00:00:04
Travels 1.48868 Travels 1.82889
Travels 1.58373
Iterations per 1 travel 52 Iterations per 1 travel 190
Iterations per 1 travel 110
Cpu time 00:00:46 Cpu time 00:19:50 Cpu time 02:34:59
Calculation time left 00:00:00 Calculation time left 00:00:00 Calculation time left 00:00:00
Run at DESKTOP-H85IM1S Run at DESKTOP-H85IM1S Run at DESKTOP-H85IM1S
 POST PROCESSING

LVL 1 LVL 2 LVL 3

Goal Name Unit Value Goal Name Unit Value Goal Name Unit Value
Total Pressure [Pa] 101680.8 Total Pressure [Pa] 101677.2 Total Pressure [Pa] 101745.7
Av Temperature [K] 293.2 Av Temperature [K] 293.19 Av Temperature [K] 293.19
drag Force [N] 0.55 drag Force [N] 0.465 drag Force [N] 0.325
lift Force [N] 0.925 lift Force [N] 0.761 lift Force [N] 0.733
CL [] 0.042831 CL [] 0.035252 CL [] 0.033952
CD [] 0.025 CD [] 0.022 CD [] 0.015

LVL 4 LVL 5
Goal Name Unit Value Goal Name Unit Value
Total Pressure [Pa] 101738.4 Total Pressure [Pa] 101738.4
Av Temperature [K] 293.19 Av Temperature [K] 293.19
drag Force [N] 0.239 drag Force [N] 0.239
lift Force [N] 0.965 lift Force [N] 0.965
CL [] 0.044668 CL [] 0.044668
CD [] 0.011 CD [] 0.011
MESH CONVERGENCE

CL MESH
0.0428305 16,966 MESH KONVERGENSI
0.0352519 46,758 0.05

0.045
0.0339516 167,710

Coeficient of Lift / Drag

0.04
0.0446681 365,078
0.035
0.0446681 871,778
0.03

0.025

0.02

CD MESH 0.015

0.025 16,966 0.01

0.005
0.022 46,758
0
0.015 167,710 0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 900,000 1,000,000

0.011 365,078 Element Numbers

0.011 871,778
CL CD
SolidWorks Flow Simulation

LIFT FORCE MESH Mesh Convergence

0.0428305 16,966 1.2

0.0352519 46,758
1

Coefficient Lift / Drag

0.733 167,710
0.8
0.965 365,078

0.965 871,778 0.6

0.4

DRAG FORCE MESH

0.2
0.55 16,966
0.465 46,758 0
0 100,000 200,000 300,000 400,000 500,000 600,000 700,000 800,000 900,000 1,000,000
0.325 167,710
Elemen Numbers
0.239 365,078
0.239 871,778 LIFT FORCE DRAG FORCE
MESH LEVEL 5
MESH LEVEL 1
Applications
 The mesh adjacent to the surface are
highlighted by bold lines.
 The mesh for the calculation of the subsonic
flow over a airfoil.
 The calculation of the hypersonic flow.
 Mid-Exam

 Report includes pre-processing, solution, and post-processing.

 Pipelines simulation: pipes have different cross-sections at the inlet and
outlet, comparison of analytical and numerical results, mesh configuration.
 Airfoil simulation: airfoil with different types of NACA 3D per group,
comparison of analytical and numerical results on upper and lower velocity &
pressure values, mesh configuration.
 File title: Group_Assignment_(n)
 Format PDF
 Sent to cfdunsurya2020@gmail.com
 Due date: 28/10/2020 at 15.00
Thank You