LATEST STUDIES

AND TRENDS IN
TEACHING EPP WITH
EMPHASIS ON THE
FOLLOWING:
Consumerism
Hospitality
Management
Valuable Interpersonal
Skills
Personality
Development
Decision Making
Consumerism
 The belief that increasing one’s consumption of products and
services acquired on the market is always a desirable goal, and
that one’s well-being and happiness are inextricably linked to the
acquisition of consumer goods and material possessions.

 The tendency to purchase excessive goods has started in the age

of industrialization.

 Expectation of consumer of education

Advantages
 Consumer choosing their lifestyle. This means they choose to
have.

 Self satisfaction. This include their wants and needs.

Disadvantages
 Consumerism is destroying our environment and natural
resources which contributes to the destruction of the ozone layer
and the global warming.
 People start focusing on looking for money and goods as the
greatest thing ever instead of focusing on the value and helping
people.
How did the idea of Consumerism Developed?
 The industrial revolution played a major role in the spread of
consumerism it first began in the 1700s in England and soon
spread to many other countries in Europe and North America. This
lead to consumerism because it created a system in which people
could reasonably afford at variety goods.

Why is Consumer education important?

 Consumer education gives the general people the information they
need about product and services so they may make well- informed
decisions about what they buy and from whom they buy it . It
enables customers to understand their righs and take an active
role in the purchasing process.
Hospitality Management
 Hospitality management is a vast field that entails overseeing the
administrative, operational and commercial activities of hospitality
firms on a day to day basis. Unlike the more narrowly focused
“hotel management” hospitality management is a broad phrase
that encompasses a variety of business including food and
beverage travel and lodging and event planning.

 Maintenance and housekeeping are only a few of the ares that a

hotel manager overseas, but there are many more such a spa,
services, concierge and reception.
Housekeeping
 Cleaning. Cooking, home upkeep, shopping, and bill paying are all examples
of domestic activities that need to be managed. These tasks can be carried
either by family members or by people recruited specially for the j ob.

Role of Housekeeping
 The hotel’s housekeeping department ensures the cleanliness,
upkeep and aesthetic appeal of all rooms and public areas.
 The housekeeping department not only turnarounds ( prepares
and cleans guestrooms) on time, but also cleans and maintains
everything in the hotel so that it remains as fresh and appealing as
the day it first opened its doors for business,
Main Responsibility of Housekeeping
A. To ensure well-furnished and maintained guestrooms and public areas

B. To ensure excellence in housekeeping sanitation safety, comfort and

aesthetics for hotel guests.

C. To oversee the coordination of and administer all housekeeping programs and

projects.

D. To act as a source of contact in interdepartmental communications, vendors,

professional agencies etc.

E. To act provide a budget, budget control, and forecasting related to

housekeeping.

F. To achieve the maximum efficiency in ensuring the care and comfort of guests
and in the smooth functioning of the department.
Interpersonal Skills

 Interpersonal skills could be described as a form of “Social intelligence,

specifically social perception and social cognition that involve processes such as
attention and decoding.

 The multiplicity of names for interpersonal skills and ways of conceiving of them
reflects the fact that these skills have attitudinal, behavioral and cognitive
components.

 Successful interpersonal behavior involves a continuous correction of social

performance based on the reactions of others.

 It is useful to consider 21 st century skills in basic categories( e. g cognitive

interpersonal). But it is still true that interpersonal skills draw on many
capacities, such as knowledge of social customs and the capacity to solve
problems associated with social expectations and interations.
Valuable Interpersonal Skills

 It is useful to consider 21 st century skills in basic categories( e. g cognitive

interpersonal). But it is still true that interpersonal skills draw on many
capacities, such as knowledge of social customs and the capacity to solve
problems associated with social expectations and interactions.

 Interpersonal effective requires various sorts of competence that derive from

experience instinct, and learning about specific social contexts.

 Interpersonal skills are “ goal directed behaviors, including communication and

relationship building competencies, employed in interpersonal interaction
episodes characterized by complex perceptual and cognitive processes, dynamic
verbal and non verbal interactions exchanges, diverse roles, motivations, and
expectancies.
 Taxonomy of Interpersonal Skills

Interpersonal Descriptions Related skills

Active learning Paying close attention to what is Listening with empathy and
being said , asking the other party to sympathy: listening for understanding.
explain exactly what he or she
means, and requesting that
ambiguous ideas or statement are
repeated.

Oral Communication Sending verbal messages Enunciating ; expressing yourself

constructively. clearly; communicating emotion;
interpersonal communication.

Written Communication Writing clearly and appropriately Clarity; communicating intended

meaning

Assertive Communication Directly expressing one’s feelings, Proposing ideas; social

preferences, needs, and opinions, in assertiveness; defense of rights;
a way that is neither threatening, nor directive; asserting your needs.
punishing to another person.

Nonverbal Communication Reinforcing or replacing spoken Expression of feelings; perception/

communication through the use of recognition of feelings; facial regard.
body language, gestures, voice, or
artifacts.
 Relationship- Building Skills

Cooperation and Understanding and working with Adaptability; shared situational

Coordination others in groups or teams; includes
offering help to those who need it
and pacing activities to fit the needs
of the team.
awareness; performance monitoring
and feedback; interpersonal relations;
communication; decision making;
cohesion; group problem solving;
being a team player.

Trust An individual’s faith or belief in the Self- awareness; self- disclosure;

integrity or reliability of another swift trust
person or thing ; willingness of a
party to be vulnerable to the actions
of another party based on the
expectation that certain actions
important to the trustor will be
performed.
 Importance of Interpersonal Skills
 Interpersonal skills are important for communicating and working with groups and individuals in your
personal and professional life.
 People with strong interpersonal skills tend to build good relationship and can work well with others. They
understand family, friends, coworkers and clients well.

What do you mean by Interpersonal Attributes

 The term “ interpersonal skills” simply reflects that it strands for inside an individual. Interpersonal
attributes or intelligence has a direct link with the cognitive and emotional actions which an
individual take.

 Interpersonal skills are the skills used by a person to interact with others effectively however, in the
business world the term refers to an employee’s ability to get along with others while succeeding at
their job.
Most decisive Interpersonal Skills

• Analytical Thinking – the capacity to handle any rigid or complex unforeseen circumstances by simply assessing
the best way possible to overcome such problems after accumulating data. People with this skill have the tendency to
find creative solutions.

• Delegation – it is the most complex skill to understand for front runners because the majority of the time they rely on
their instincts. Although it is a crucial aspect to empower other associated members and to take command.

• Productivity – productivity means engaging oneself in some sort of activities that can help an individual to get the
best results in any field.

• Resilience – means entering the game again after utilizing a coping mechanism.

• Resourcefulness – this skills helps individuals to come over obstacles by utilizing available assets.

• Strategic Thinking – it simply means the ability to conceptualize and implement the tactics.

• Vision – it reflects the philosophy or the agenda of an individual or an organization.

Personality Development

o Personality development grooms an individual and helps him make a mark of his/her own.

o It refers to how the organized patterns of behavior that make each person’s unique
personality emerge over time.

o Personality development also plays an essential role in improving one’s communication

skills.
Why is Personality Development significant
o Personality development grooms an individual and helps him make a mark of his/her own It individuals
need to have a style of their own for others to follow them. Do not copy others.

o Personality development goes a long way in reducing stress and conflicts. It encourages individuals to
look at the brighter sides of life. Face even the worst situations with as smile.

o Personality development helps you develop a positive attitude in life. an individual with negative attitude
finds a problem in every situation remember, if there is a problem there has to be a solution as well. Never lose
your cool. It would make situation worse.

o Personality development plays an essential role not only in an individuals professional but also personal
live. it is really essential to keep a balance between both the lives to lead a peaceful and stress-free life.

o Personality development helps an individual to inculcate positive qualities like punctuality flexible attitude
willingness to learn, friendly nature, eagerness to help others and so on.
Decision Making
 Is a cognitive process of selecting a belief or a course of action among several
possible alternative options.

 We make decisions everyday for some are small and trivial while others are big and
complex

 When you make decision, your brain is processing all available to ensure that you
make the right decision and that is burning your mental energy.

 When you make decisions, you don’t just to think about the instant effect of that
decisions.
STEPS TO EFFECTIVE DECISIONS MAKING
 IDENTIFY THE DECISIONS
 GATHER INFORMATION
 IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVES
 WEIGHT THE EVIDENCE
 CHOOSE AMONG ATERNATIVES
 TAKE ACTIONS
 REVIEW YOUR DECISONS

VARIOUS TECHNIQUES OF DECISIONS MAKING

 GROUP DISCUSSIONS
 BRAINSTORMING
 DELPHI TECHNIQUE
 MARGINAL ANALYSIS
 COST- BENEFIT ANALYSIS
 RATIO ANALYSIS
 FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
 BREAK EVEN ANALYSIS
 OPERATIONS RESEARCH
 PARETO ANALYSIS
IMPORTANCE OF DECISION MAKING

 Implementation of managerial function

 Pervasiveness of decision-making

 Evaluation of managerial performance

 Helpful in planning and policies

 Selecting the best alternatives

 Successful’; operation of business