CAL CULATION

PHYSICS
PAGE 83 - 85
 RELATION
Gravitational Acceleration, g on the
Surface of the Earth with Universal
Gravitational Constant, G

In Newton's Second Law of Motion, gravitational force

can be expressed as F = mg.
In Newton's Universal Law of Gravitation,
gravitational force is expressed as F = GMm
r²
RELATIONSH
IP
 DISCUSSION
• Wha t is the re lat ions hip between gravitational acce leration, g
and gra vita tiona l constant, G?
-

• Wha t a re the fa c tors that influe nce the v alue of gravitational

ac ce le ra tion?
- m a ss of a n obje c t (m)
- dista nc e of the object (r)
 Mass of the Earth, M = 5.97 × 10² ⁴ kg
Radius of the Earth, R = 6.37 × 10 ⁶ m

ACTIVITY Gravitational constant, G

= 6.67 × 10 ¹¹ N m² kg ²

3.5
 DISCUSSION
• What is the value of gr avitational acceler ation on the
E ar th's surf ace?
- 9. 81 m- ²
• P lot a gr aph of g against r.
• How does the value of gr avitational acceler ation change
on the distance fr om the centre of the ear th incr eases?
- r < R
gravitational acceler ation directly propor tional 2 distance
f rom the centre of the ear th.
hence, r increases, R increases
- r is gr eater or equal to R
gravitational acceler ation invers ely proportional to the
squar e of the distance fr om the centr e of the earth.
hence, r increases, R decr eases
• Discuss the condition where the value of
gra vita tiona l acc eleration is a lmost z ero.
- oute r spa ce.
- microgra vity is a condition in which people or
objects appe ar to be we ightle ss. astronauts and
objects floa t in the space craft or spa cewalk
(outside ). objec t move s around e asily.
EXAMPLE 1
EXAMPLE 2

STRATEGY
N° 3
TAMAT
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