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GRAVITATION
One shot
Newton's law of gravitation
 Gravitational field

m=1

gm/r2

R
Acceleration due to gravity ( g )

R
Variation in g with height
Variation in g with depth
Variation in g due to rotation of earth

r λ
mω2r

R mg
λ

r = R cosλ
 Variation in g due to
rotation of earth Variation in g due to rotation of earth

N + mω2 r cosλ

r λ
mω2r

R mg
λ mω2 r sinλ

r = R cosλ
Variation due to shape of earth

gp

Rp

ge
Re
Gravitational potential

m=1

R
 Gravitational potential energy

r
m multiplied by potential = energy

R
 Escape velocity

It is the minimum velocity with which a non

propelled body can be launched to take it
infinitely away from the Earth.

R
 Kepler’s law

1st law : The orbit of a planet is an ellipse with the Sun

at one of the two foci.
 Kepler’s law

2nd law : A line segment joining a planet and the Sun

sweeps out equal areas during equal intervals of time
 Kepler’s law

3rd law : The square of a planet's orbital period is

proportional to the cube of the semi-major of its orbit.
 Satellite motion - Orbital velocity

Orbital speed of a satellite is the speed required to

put the satellite into its orbit around the earth.

R h

r
 Satellite motion - Time period

It is the time taken by satellite to go once around

the earth.

R h

r
 Satellite motion - energy

Energy of a satellite : P.E + K.E

R h

r
PROBLEMS
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18 06 79 2
 Law of gravitation

The gravitational force between two bodies is F.

If mass of each body is doubled and the distance
between them is one fourth, then the force
between will be

A 4F/9

B 9F/4
m
C 64 F

D 16 F
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18 06 79 2
 Law of gravitation

menti
Two spherical balls each of mass 2kg are placed
1 cm apart, the gravitational force of attraction
between them in newtons

A 26.68 × 10-7

B 13.34 × 10-7

C 6.67 × 10-9

D 6.67 × 10-5
 Law of gravitation
menti Three equal masses m are placed at the three
vertices of an equilateral triangle of side r. The
gravitational force exerted by this system on
another particle of mass m placed at the
mid-point of a side

A C

B D

r r

r/2 r/2
 g and its variation

If the radius of the earth is 6400 km, the depth at

which the acceleration due to gravity will be 5%
less than the value on the surface of the earth is

A 320 km

B 2.0 km

C 480 km

D 500 km
 g and its variation
The acceleration due to gravity at the poles is 10
ms-2 and equatorial radius is 6400 km for the
earth. Then the angular velocity of rotation of
the earth about its axis so that the weight of a
body at the equator reduces to 75% is

D
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18 06 79 2
 g and its variation
menti
The radius of the earth is R. The depth of a point
vertically below the earth’s surface at which the
acceleration due to gravity becomes 1% of its
value at the surface is

A 8R

B 9R

D 10R
 g and its variation
menti
The change in the value of g at a height ‘h’
above the surface of the earth is same as its
value at depth ‘d’ below the surface of the earth.
If h < < R, then -

A d=h

B d = 2h

C d = h/2

D d = h2
 g and its variation
menti

The acceleration due to gravity at a depth 3200

km inside earth.

A 4.9 m/s2

B 0 m/s2

C 7 m/s2

D 9.8 m/s2
 g and its variation
menti

At what height above the earth’s surface the

gravitational acceleration is 9% of its surface
value?

A
B 4R

C
D
 Gravitational potential and energy

The amount of work done in lifting a body of

mass ‘m’ from the surface of the earth to height
equal to thrice the radius of the earth is

D
 Gravitational potential and energy

The magnitude of gravitational P.E of a body at

a distance ‘r’ from the centre of the earth is ‘v’.
Its weight at a distance 3r from the centre of the
earth is

A
B
C

D
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18 06 79 2
 Gravitational potential and energy
menti
A particle of mass 10 kg is kept on the surface
of a uniform sphere of mass 10 kg and radius 10
cm. Find the work to be done against the
gravitational force between them to the take the
particle far away from the sphere is
(G = 6.67 × 10-11 Nm2/kg2)

A 6.67 × 10-7 J
B 6.67 × 10-6 J
C 6.67 × 10-10 J
D 6.67 × 1011 J
 Gravitational potential and energy
menti
Two particles each of mass 1 kg are separated
by a distance of 1 m in a gravitational field. The
work to increase the separation between them
to 3 m is

B
C G

D
 Gravitational potential and energy
menti
Two particles of same mass falls down onto the
surface of the earth, one from infinity and the
other from an altitude 4R. The ratio of velocities
on reaching the earth is

A
B
C
D
 Kepler’s law

A and B are two satellites revolving around the

earth in circular orbits have time periods 27h
and 1 hr respectively. The ratio of their radius of
orbits

A
B 9:1

C 4:1

D 2:1
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18 06 79 2
 Kepler’s law
menti

The distances of two planets from the sun are

1012 m and 1014 m respectively. The ratio of the
time periods of these planets is

A 1000 : 1
B 100 : 1

C 10 : 1

D 1 : 1000
 Kepler’s law
menti
The period of revolution of a surface satellite
around a planet of radius R is T. The Period of
another satellite around the same planet in an
orbit of radius 2R is

A
B 3T

C 2T

D
 Satellite motion

A satellite orbits the earth at a height of , its

orbital speed ?

A
B
C
D
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18 06 79 2
 Satellite motion
menti

The Ratio of the escape velocity to the orbital

velocity of a surface satellite of the earth is

A
B
C
D 2
 Satellite motion
menti
The time period of a satellite of earth is 5hr, if
the separation between earth and the satellite is
increased to 9 times the previous value. Then the
new period will be

A 135 hr

B 27 hr

C 40 hr

D 20 hr
 Satellite motion
menti

An artificial satellite moving in a circular orbit

around the earth has a total energy E0 (PE +KE)
its kinetic energy is

A E0

B
C 2E0

D -E0
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 Why Vedantu Pro is the Best?
Live Interactive Classes Test Series & Analysis
● LIVE & Interactive Teaching Style ● Exclusive Tests To Enable Practical
● Fun Visualizations, Quizzes & Application
● Mock & Subject Wise Tests, Previous
Leaderboards
Year Tests
● Daily Classes on patented WAVE platform ● Result Analysis To Ensure Thorough
● Dual Teacher Model For Personal Preparation
Attention
Assignments & Notes
● Regular Assignments To Ensure
Progress
● Replays, Class Notes & Study
Materials Available 24*7
● Important Textbook Solutions
 What is Included in Vedantu Pro?
● Full syllabus Structured Long Term Course

● 20+ Teachers with 5+ years of experience

● Tests & Assignments with 10,000+ questions

● Option to Learn in English or Hindi

● LIVE chapter wise course for revision

● 4000+ Hours of LIVE Online Teaching

● Crash Course and Test Series before Exam

2022

SMPRO
 2021

(7,500)@ (21,000)@ (39,000)@

₹6000/Month ₹5,600/Month ₹5,200/Month

*JEE Pro Subscription Link available in description 20%

Apply Coupon Code: SMPRO
 ₹7,200/- ₹20,400/- ₹40,800/-

SMPRO
Batch Starts From : 21 Sep 2020
 How to Avail The Vedantu Pro Subscription

1 2 3 4
Select Your Click on Get Subscription Choose Your Subscription Apply Coupon Code
Grade & Target & Click on Proceed To Pay and Make Payment

*Vedantu Pro Subscription Link available in description

Use the code: SMPRO
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