DRUG STUDY

DE LA CRUZ, ANGELICA B.
BSN-III
GENERIC NAME:
Furosemide

BRAND NAME :
Lasix
 
 
 
CLASSIFICATION:
 Diuretics
 
 
 DOSAGE :
Adult: 20-80 mg orally divided every
12 hours
 ROUTE:
Oral
 MECHANISM OF ACTION

 Furosemide is a potent loop diuretic that works to

increase the excretion of Na+ and water by the
kidneys by inhibiting their reabsorption from
the proximal and distal tubules, as well as the
loop of Henle. It works directly acts on the cells
of the nephron and indirectly modifies the
content of the renal filtrate.
 INDICATION/
CONTRAINDICATION
 INDICATION
Furosemide is indicated for the treatment of edema
associated with congestive heart failure, cirrhosis of the
liver, and renal disease, including the nephrotic syndrome,
in adults and pediatric patients.
 CONTRAINDICATION
Furosemide is contraindicated in patients with anuria. It
should be used cautiously in any patient with renal disease
such as severe renal impairment or renal failure. Drug-
induced hypovolemia can precipitate azotemia in these
patients.
 SIDE EFFECTS

 frequent urination
 blurred vision
 headache
 constipation
 diarrhea
 ADVERSE EFFECTS

 Metabolic and electrolyte disturbances,

particularly potassium depletion. It may also
cause hyperglycemia,hyperuricemia.
 May cause hearing loss.
 NURSING IMPLICATION
 Furosemide may reduce the potassium level in
your blood. Your doctor may instruct you to add
potassium-rich foods to your diet (such as bananas,
orange juice) or prescribe potassium supplements
 to prevent potassium loss. Ask your doctor for
more details.
 This medication may make you more sensitive to
the sun. Limit your time in the sun. Avoid tanning
booths and sunlamps. Use sunscreen and wear
protective clothing when outdoors.
GENERIC NAME:
Sevelamer carbonate

 BRAND NAME :
Renagel, Renvela
 
 
 
 CLASSIFICATION:
phosphate binders
 
 

 DOSAGE :
400mg (Renagel)
800mg (Renagel, Renvela)
 ROUTE:
Oral
 MECHANISM OF ACTION

 Renagel contains sevelamer hydrochloride, a

non-absorbed binding crosslinked polymer. It
contains multiple amines separated by one carbon
from the polymer backbone. These amines exist
in a protonated form in the intestine and interact
with phosphate molecules through ionic and
hydrogen bonding.
 INDICATION/
CONTRAINDICATION
INDICATION
 is indicated for the control of serum phosphorus in
adults and children 6 years of age and older with
chronic kidney disease (CKD) on dialysis.
CONTRAINDICATION
 Renvela is contraindicated in patients with bowel
obstruction.
 Renvela is contraindicated in patients with known
hypersensitivity to sevelamer carbonate, sevelamer
hydrochloride, or to any of the excipients.
 SIDE EFFECTS

 Headache, diarrhea, stomach upset, nausea, 
vomiting, cough, gas, or constipation may occur.
 ADVERSE EFFECTS
 Vomiting
 Nausea
 Diarrhea
 Dyspepsia
 Nasopharyngitis
 Limb pain
 Pruritus
 Arthralgia
 Bronchitis
 Dyspnea
 Hypertension
 NURSING IMPLICATION

 Do not use capsules after printed expiration date.

 Take daily multivitamin supplement approved by
physician
GENERIC NAME:
Hydrochlorothiazide

 BRAND NAME :
 Esidrix, Microzide
 
 
 CLASSIFICATION:
 Thiazide diuretics
 
 DOSAGE :
oral capsule (12.5 mg); oral tablet
(12.5 mg; 25 mg; 50 mg)
 
 ROUTE:
Oral
 MECHANISM OF ACTION

 Hydrochlorothiazide inhibits sodium chloride

transport in the distal convoluted tubule. More
sodium is then excreted in the kidney with
accompanying fluid. Pharmacological effects
begin in about 2 hours after an oral dose, peak in
4 hours, and lasts for about 6 to 12 hours.
Hydrochlorothiazide is not metabolized, and a
majority is excreted in the urine unchanged. It
also causes a loss of potassium and bicarbonate. 
 INDICATION/
CONTRAINDICATION
INDICATION
 Indicated as adjunctive therapy to treat edema associated with congestive
heart failure, hepatic cirrhosis, corticosteroid, and estrogen therapy. (FDA-
approved)
 Indicated to treat edema associated with renal dysfunction. (FDA-
approved)
 Indicated to treat hypertension as a sole agent or adjunct. (FDA-approved) 
CONTRAINDICATION
Hydrochlorothiazide is contraindicated in all of the following conditions:
 Anuria
 Hypersensitivity (should not be given to those with allergies to
sulfonamide-derived drugs)
  
 SIDE EFFECTS
 blood pressure that's lower than normal
(especially when standing up after sitting or lying
down)
 dizziness.
 headache.
 weakness.
 erectile dysfunction (trouble getting or keeping an
erection)
 tingling in your hands, legs, and feet.
 ADVERSE EFFECTS
 Weakness
 Orthostatic hypotension
 Pancreatitis
 Jaundice
 Nausea/vomiting
 Sialadenitis
 Abdominal cramping
 Diarrhea/Constipation
 Gastric irritation
 Aplastic anemia
 Agranulocytosis
 Leukopenia
 Hemolytic anemia
 NURSING IMPLICATION

 Monitor signs of fluid, electrolyte, or acid-base

imbalances, including dizziness, drowsiness,
blurred vision, confusion, hypotension, or muscle
cramps and weakness. Report excessive or
prolonged symptoms to the physician.