Autonomous vehicles in

transport
BY: Abbaq Naveed, Khadija-Shan-e-Rabbi & Areeba
Umer
What are
Autonomus
Vehicles?
• An autonomous vehicle, or a
driverless vehicle, is one that is able
to operate itself and perform
necessary functions without any
human intervention, through ability to
sense its surroundings.
• An autonomous vehicle utilises a fully
automated driving system in order to
allow the vehicle to respond to
external conditions that a human
driver would manage.
What are the 5 levels of
Autonomous Vehicles?
• Level 0 (No Driving Automation)
• Level 1 (Driver Assistance)
• Level 2 (Partial Driving
Automation)
• Level 3 (Conditional Driving
Automation)
• Level 4 (High Driving
Automation)
• Level 5 (Full Driving
Automation)
Advantages & Disadvantages of Autonomous
Vehicles:

Advantages Disadvantages
• Eradicating human error • Security issues. One of the potential cons
• More independence for the elderly and those about self-driving cars is the possibility of
with disabilities hacking. ... 
• Job losses. Those who depend on driving to
• Fewer accidents or deaths 
make a living may find their career obsolete
• Say goodbye to road rage  with the introduction of self-driving cars. ... 
• Opportunities for more efficient driving  • Initial costs. ... 
• Forgotten driving skills • Moral Machine dilemma. ... 
• The danger of hacking  • Machine error.

• Risk of accidents and death

Autonomous Trains
• An autonomous train, is a train on
which traction and braking are
performed by an autopilot,
respecting the signalling orders and
the timetable. Automatic driving can
be done in presence of a driver, or
unattended.
Advantages & Disadvantages of Autonomous
Trains
Advantages
• increased capacity. Automation expands
passenger capacity by increasing the
number of trains a line can handle.
• Greater flexibility
• Lower costs.
• Enhanced passenger experience
• More sustainable.
Disadvantages
• Data protection issues. The first problem
that arises, is in that, being connected all
the time with the whole environment, it
can become a cyber problem of data
protection. ... 
• High cost of implementation. ... 
• High cost of vehicles.
Thankyou!!