WELCOME ALL TO THIS PRESENTATION!

THIS PRESENTATION SHALL BE IN TWO FOLDS;

Presentation
 Questions and Answer (Q & A)

 
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION

Concept of Measurement

Measurement refers to a unique known features or properties of an

object. It is therefore, a means through which we describe various

phenomenon in both quantitative and qualitative. For it was once

said that anything that exist in nature, exist in some amount (Ekeeda,

2018).
PRINCIPLES OF MEASUREMENT

 According to Prabhat Patel, general principles of

measurement include; Accuracy, Precision, Resolution,
Sensitivity, True Value, Measured Value, and many others
(Patel, 2017). Vanessa A et al in their article titled What makes
a measurement instrument valid and reliable? Presented three
quality domains in ascertaining the quality of a measurement
instrument. They include; reliability, validity and
responsiveness (Vanessa A. et al, 2011). Therefore, the
presentation shall be solely delimited or focused to the two
given principles of measurement; validity and reliability.
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF MEASURING INSTRUMENT

 VALIDITY OF MEASURING INSTRUMENT

As already said earlier, validity is one of the quality domains in
determining the quality of a measuring instrument in both
measurement in statistics and principles of assessment in
education. Validity, therefore, means that the individual’s scores
from an instrument make sense, are meaningful, and enable you,
as the researcher, to draw good conclusions from the sample you
are studying to the population (Sefik Yasar a, 2014). Validity
therefore, does not necessarily mean accuracy, precision,
exactitude, but nearness, closeness etc in the result or outcome in
relation to the expected outcome.
VALIDITY OF MEASURING INSTRUMENT

TYPES OF VALIDITY
 Validity could be of numerous, types however for the purpose
of the presentation, the types shall be delimited to three main
types such as face, content, and criterion validity.
TYPES OF VALIDITY

Face Validity
 This type refers to whether a scale “appears” to measure
what it is supposed to measure. That is, do the questions seem
to be logically related to the construct under study. For
example, a personality scale that measures emotional
intelligence should have questions about self-awareness and
empathy. It should not have questions about math or
chemistry.
TYPES OF VALIDITY

Content Validity
 Content validity refers to whether a test or scale is measuring
all the components of a given construct. For example, if there
are five dimensions of emotional intelligence), then a scale that
measures EI should contain questions regarding each
dimension.
TYPES OF VALIDITY

Criterion Validity
 Criterion Validity refers to how well scores on one
measurement device are associated with scores on a given
performance domain (the criterion). It is a type of validity that
examines whether scores on one test are predictive of
performance on another. It can sometimes be called predictive
validity (Cornell D., (PhD), 2022).
VALIDITY AND RELIABILITY OF
MEASURING INSTRUMENT

RELIABILITY OF MEASURING INSTRUMENT

Reliability means that scores from an instrument are stable and consistent (Sefik Yasar a,

2014).

Reliability concerns the extent to which a measurement of a phenomenon provides stable and

Consistent result.

Reliability is also concerned with repeatability and reproducibility. For

example, a scale or test is said to be reliable if repeat measurement made by it under constant
conditions will give the same result. Testing for reliability is important as it refers to the
consistency across the parts of a measuring instrument (Taherdoost, 2016)
Types Of Reliability

Test-Retest Reliability
 Test-retest is one of the types of reliability that measures the
consistency of results when one repeats the same test on the
same sample at a different juncture in time. You can use this
type of reliability when you are measuring something that you
expect to stay consistent.
Types Of Reliability

Inter-Rater Reliability
 Inter-rater type of reliability (also known as inter-observer)
measures the degree of agreement between different
individuals observing or analyzing the same object. You can
use it when the data is collected by various researchers through
ratings or categories, or when the data points to more than one
variable
Types Of Reliability

Internal Consistency
 The last but equally important type, assesses the direct
correlation between multiple items that are intended to
measure the same construct (Harappa, 2020).
Conclusions

 In brief, the presentation discussed the concept of

measurement, and principles of measurements (quality
domains of measurement). As directed by the instructor, the
presentation was delimited solely to the two principles such as
validity and reliability, with their sub types

 Thank you.
 GROUP MEMBERS

S/N NAMES INDEX NUMBER

1. AFUM BOAHEN FRANCIS 10858250

2. KWAKYE BENJAMIN 1085379

3. JOEL DWAMENA BOAFO 10859145

4. ASANTE EMMANUEL 10858301

5. NTIAMOAH EDMUND 10858414

6. LOBO GODWIN MAWULI 10858388

7. ADOMBIRE EDMUND AGENGRE 10858241

 REFERENCE

Bibliography
(PhD), D. C. (2022). 9 Types Of Validity In Research. https://helpfulprofessor.com/types-of-
validity/.
Ekeeda. (2018). Definition of Measurement - Principles of Measurement - Electronic Instruments and
Measurements. https://www.youtube.com/watch?.
Harappa. (2020). Types of Reliability. Harappa School of Leadership.
Patel, P. (2017). General Principles Of Measurement. UrbanPro.
Sefik Yasar a, A. G. (2014). Determining Validity and Reliability of Data Gathering Instruments
Used By Program Evaluation Studies in Turkey. Eskisehir, Usak: Elsevier Ltd. Open access under
CC BY-NC-ND license.

CC
 BY-NC-ND license.

Taherdoost,
 H. (2016). Validity and Reliability of the Research Instrument; How to Test the

Validation of a Questionnaire/Survey in a Research (Vols. 5,). Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia:

International Journal of Academic Research in Management (IJARM).

Vanessa A. Scholtes a, *, Caroline B. Terwee b , Rudolf W. Poolman. (2011). What makes a
measurement instrument valid and reliable? Injury.