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Muscular bag
Connected above with oesophagus and below with duodenum
Reservoir of food
Location
Upper left part of abdomen
Occupies epigastric, umbilical and left hypochondriac regions
Shape
J shaped
External features
2 Orifices/ openings
2 Curvatures
2 Surfaces
2 Parts
Orifices/ openings
Cardiac orifice
Where the stomach joins with the lower end of oesophagus
Lies behind the 7th costal cartilage at the level of T11 vertebra
Pyloric orifice
Opens into the duodenum
Lies 1.2 cms to the right of median plane
Lower border of body of 1st lumbar or Transpyloric plane
Curvatures
Lesser curvature –
Concave
Right border
Provide attachment to lesser omentum
Most dependent part – angular notch or incisura angularis
Greater curvature –
Convex
Left border
5 times longer
Provide attachment to greater omentum, gastro splenic lig. and gastrophrenic
lig.
Cardiac notch – separates stomach from oesophagus
Surfaces
Anterior or Antrosuperior surface
Posterior or Posteroinferior
Parts
Cardiac Fundus
Body
Pyloric Antrum
Canal
RELATIONS OF STOMACH
Peritoneal Relations - The stomach is lined by peritoneum on both its surfaces.
At the lesser curvature, the layers of peritoneum lining the anterior and posterior surfaces meet
and become continuous with the lesser omentum.
Along the greater part of the greater curvature, the two layers meet to form the greater
omentum.
Near the fundus, the two layers meet to form the gastrosplenic ligament.
Near the cardiac end, the peritoneum on the posterior surface is reflected onto the diaphragm
as the gastrophrenic ligament.
Cranial to this ligament a small part of the posterior surface of the stomach is in direct contact
with the diaphragm (left crus). This is the bare area of the stomach.
Visceral Relations
The anterior surface of the stomach is related to the liver, the diaphragm, and the anterior abdominal
wall.
(The space between left costal margin and lower edge of left lung on stomach is known as Traube’s space.)
The posterior surface of the stomach is related to structures forming the stomach bed,
Veins: By right and left gastric veins - drained into portal vein, right gastroepiploic vein and
superior mesenteric vein
Nerve supply
Para sympathetic: Vagus and Gastric nerves (anterior and posterior)