CITY LIFE AND

INFORMAL
SETTLERS
 City life refers to the way of living in urban
areas, typically in large communities where people
live in close proximity to one another. Cities are
characterised by a fast-paced and modern way of
life, with a wide range of facilities and amenities
available to residents.
 URBAN SPACE
The urban spaces are those outdoor spaces that are among the
buildings and allow communication, transit and social interaction of the
inhabitants within the city.

Urban spaces and buildings are investigated with reference to their

functional purposes as well as the representational role they played in
generating political power, social differentiation, and cultural identity.
 CITY AS POWER
The City as Power provides broad comparative perspectives about
the critical importance of urban landscapes as forums for creating,
maintaining, and contesting identity and belonging.

The criteria of city as power which is high degree of urban

development, a large population, multinational companies,globalized
financial sector, well-developed and internationally linked
transportation infrastructure, local or national economic dominance,
high quality educational and a global innovations, or cultural products.
 CULTURE
Cultural activities foster social inclusion and dialogue among diverse communities, it
create a sense of belonging and cohesion.
Culture are categorized as:
Cultural Vibrancy measures the cultural pulse of a city in terms of cultural infrastructure
and participation in culture;
-Creative Economy captures how the cultural and creative sectors contribute to a city’s
employment, job creation, and innovative capacity;
-Enabling Environment identifies the tangible and intangible assets that help cities
attract creative talent and stimulate cultural engagement.
INFORMAL SETTLERS
Informal settlers is a broad concept that refers to individuals
and groups who establish their principal residence in mostly
urban areas and types of dwellings considered illegal or in
discord with the dominant social norms.

The growth of informal settlements, slums and poor residential

neighbourhoods is a global phenomenon accompanying the
growth of urban populations.
Countering the negative aspects of informal settlements requires governments to
recognise the challenges residents face and actively include them in wider city systems.
Identifies a number of key drivers for action:
Recognition of informal settlements and human rights.
Urban authorities that adopt rights-based policies and integrated governance create
prosperous, sustainable and inclusive cities.

Government leadership.

National governments must provide enabling environments to develop and implement

appropriate policies to bring about change. Government at all levels must connect key
stakeholders, harness local knowledge, enact policies and plans and manage incremental
infrastructure development.
Systemic and citywide/at-scale approaches

Initiatives work best when they capitalise on agglomeration economies; use innovative financing and taxes;
ensure equitable land management; recognise multiple forms of employment; reintegrate informal
settlements with infrastructure and services via planning and design; clarify administrative responsibility for
.peri-urban areas; and undertake sensitive planning to avoid exposure to environmental hazards

Integration of people and systems.

Governments must develop and coordinate broader integrated frameworks that are underpinned by urban
planning, legislation and finance arrangements; are supported by interconnected institutional arrangements;
and ensure the inclusion of marginalised groups and key stakeholders. Participation must be at the heart of
.this approach, ensuring an understanding of economic and social community dynamics

Housing
The provision of affordable, adequate housing, including in situ upgrading and avoidance of
forced evictions, security of tenure and livelihood and employment generation, all play a role in
.urban prosperity
FOUCAULT AND THE CARCERAL CITY

Michael Foucault is best known for his “analytics of power.” He

holds that a thorough understanding of power in our society.

According to Foucault,therefore,power is not something that

some people have and others do not;what makes people powerful is
not some individual characteristic,or position insociety,but the
recognition by others of their capacity to exercise that power.

Foucault coined the term carceral city to indicate an urban area

in which power was decentred and in which people were controlled
by these micro powers (from the Latin term carcer meaning prison-
hence the English term incarceralion).
 CONCLUSION
Citles play a crucial role in the formation of cultures. These
cultures involve 'ways of life' including the values that
people hold,the norms that they follow and the material
objects that they use.

Space plays a crucial role in the evolution of cultural values

since, like culture, it is a social construct intimately bound up
with power and authority.