ONE GENE , ONE ENZYME

THEORY
PRESENTERS
ARSALAN WAQAS
FAWAD INAYAT
IMAD TARIQ
After studying the lecture one may able to
describe
• History
• One gene one enzyme theory
• Enzyme synthesis
• Heteromultimers and homomultimers
enzymes
• Modification in theory
• Limitation of theory
History…..!
• One gene one enzyme hypothesis was
proposed by Beadle and Tatum in 1941.
Introduction…..
• One gene one enzyme hypothesis state “that
one gene dictates only for one enzyme”
• As enzymes are protein in nature except for
ribozyme so after the transcription of dna into
mrna and translation of mrna in ribosome into
specific protein occurs.
• Specific protein coding gene, encoded with
specific information flows from dna into
protein.
Check point……!
• All the enzymes are proteins in nature except
for the ;
A. Catalase
b. Oxidase
c. Peroxidase
d. Ribozymes
Enzyme synthesis
• With in the body different metabolic pathways
occurs step by step by mean of different
enzymes.

• If any mutation occur in the DNA sequence

mean in protein coding gene so the enzyme is
non functional, and the subsequent step which
is carry out by this enzyme will not be
performed.
General example
Alkaptonuria is a condition in which the
urine when passed out turned black

It is due to the absence of enzyme which

metabolites the alkaptone
Modification of one gene one enzyme
theory
• Some enzyme are homo multimer while some
are heteromultimers

• So in case of homomultimers the theory

statement comes to be true, because they are
composed of same polypeptide units

• But in case of heteromultimer, the theory

statement need to be modified.
Con’d……
• So the theory is modified into “one gene one
polypeptide theory”.

• Mean that the specific gene is responsible for the

synthesis of a specific polypeptide unit.

• In case of homomultimers one gene is responsible

for enzyme synthesis while in heteromultimer
multiple genes are responsible.
LIMITATIONS
Limitation of the theory..
• Many genes encoding non enzyme protein;

1) Signalling protein
2) Structural protein
3) Transport protein
4) Immunity
Limitation of the theory…
• Protein coding gene is transcript into non
coding units;

1) Transcription into tRNA or rRNA.

2) transcription into certain regulatory RNAs.

Note : usually transcription occurs into mRNA

and then mRNA is translated into protein.
 UP TO NOW
STUDENTS
WHAT YOU LEARN
PLEASE REVISE IT
Check point……!
• Which one of the following polypeptide is non
enzymatic;

1) Insulin
2) Haemoglobin
3) Complementary protein
4) All of the above
References……….
• Essential of genes by Pearson
• William S. Klug , Michael R.cummings , Sarah
M . ward, Charlotte spencer/ Concepts of
Genetics , 9th edition BY Pearson