Fractional

Distillation
BY GROUP 9 –
RADHIKA
PRABLEEN
PRIYANSHU
GAURAV
What is Fractional Distillation?
 Fractional distillation is the separation
of miscible mixtures into its component
parts, or fractions.
   Used to separate miscible liquids in
which difference in the boiling points is
less than 25K.
 It has a fractionating column.
 It cannot be used to separate solvent
from solute.
 Distillation’s Mechanism
• The apparatus is similar to that for
simple distillation, except that a
fractionating column is fitted in
between the distillation flask and the
condenser
• A simple fractionating column is a
tube packed with glass beads. The
beads provide surface for the vapors
to cool and condense repeatedly.
 Fractional distillation of Acetone and
Alcohol
 The mixture of water and acetone is
taken in a distillation flask and is
slowly heated.
 Water is collected in
the distillation flask and acetone
vapors.
 The acetone will evaporate and re-
condense on the cold glass surface.
 Difference in the boiling points of
acetone and water is 25K.
 Pros and cons of Fractional Distillation
1.It’s easy to implement.
1. It can be expensive.

2.It’s highly effective and 2. It comes with operational

efficient. hazards.

3.It helps produce much- 3. It can contribute to

needed fuel. environmental pollution.
Thank you