Current Management of

Hypertension

dr. Rasdiana, Sp.PD

November 2022
 KEY FACTS OF HYPERTENSION

HYPERTENSION 42% OF ADULTS

is a major cause of Less than half of adults with
premature death hypertension are diagnosed
21% OF ADULTS and treated
worldwide
Approximately 1 in 5 adults
with hypertension have it
under control
46% OF ADULTS
An estimated 46% of adults
1.28 BILLION
with hypertension are unaware An estimated 1.28 billion
that they have the condition adults aged 30-79 years
worldwide have
hypertension

WHO, 2021
 ACC/AHA, 2017
HIGH BLOOD
PRESSURE is often STROKE
Hypertension is the leading
the first series of modifiable risk factor for stroke
because it’s the leading cause of
health-related stroke

events
It can lead to devastating consequences HEART FAILURE
such as:
High BP is associated with
CORONARY HEART DISEASE increased risk of heart failure &
Higher BP has been associated with an hypertension is present in 75% of
increased risk of cardiovascular disease patients with CHF
(CVD), and the rate of myocardial
infarction increases as BP increases

KIDNEY DISEASE/FAILURE
Hypertension is the 2nd leading
cause of kidney failure & nearly
half of patients with CKD do not
have adequately controlled HT
 01
GUIDELINES
The management of hypertension
Hypertension. 2020;75:00-00. DOI:10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026.
How to Measure Blood Pressure

2020 ISH Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines

Classification of Hypertension Based on Office Blood
Pressure (BP) Measurement

2020 ISH Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines

Hypertension-mediated organ damage (HMOD)

Hypertension. 2020;75:1334-1357.
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026
 a) Consider monotherapy in low risk grade 1
hypertension or in very old (≥ 80 years) or frailer
patients

Hypertension. 2020;75:1334-1357.
DOI: 10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.120.15026
Classification of Office BP and Definitions of Hypertension Grade
Systolic Diastolic
Category
(mmHg) (mmHg)
Optimal < 120 and < 80

Normal 120–129 and/or 80–84

High normal 130–139 and/or 85–89

Grade 1 hypertension 140–159 and/or 90–99

Grade 2 hypertension 160–179 and/or 100–109

Grade 3 hypertension ≥ 180 and/or ≥ 110

Isolated systolic
≥ 140 and < 90
hypertension

Williams, Mancia et al., J Hypertens 2018 and Eur Heart J 2018, in press
Williams, Mancia et al., J Hypertens 2018 and Eur Heart J 2018, in press
jdih.kemkes.go.id
jdih.kemkes.go.id
Ideal Characteristic Drug Treatment for
Hypertension

2020 ISH Global Hypertension Practice Guidelines

THANK YOU