MATERIAL

“Water soluble vitamins”

From group four

Member : Muh. Aldiansyah
Monalita
Mega Daud
Nindy Topolega
Nadya Dadung
Elvira Natalia Salamat
Reflin Mamitoho
Rizka Abdussama
• Definition of Water Soluble Vitamins
Water-soluble vitamins is vitamins that can only be stored in small amounts
and usually disappear immediately with food flow
A large number of water soluble vitamins are a component of the enzyme
system that is widely involved in helping energy metabolism. Water soluble
vitamins are usually not stored in the body and are released in small amounts
of urine. Therefore water soluble vitamins need to be consumed every day to
prevent deficiencies that can interfere with normal body function.

1. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
Food sources of vitamin B1 include sunflower seeds, grains, peas,
watermelons, oysters and oatmeal. The function of Thiamin is as part of the
coenzyme which is boosted by the body's energy metabolism, improves brain
function, protects the body's nervous system and helps the production of red
blood cells.
2. Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
Nutritional sources of this vitamin are milk and other dairy products such as
cheese, vegetables such as broccoli and spinach. All are good sources for
meeting the needs of vitamin B2. The function of this vitamin is to help
enzymes produce energy and help produce red blood cells.

3. Vitamin B3 (Niacin)
Nutritional sources of this vitamin are meat, chicken and fish. Niacin has its
own uniqueness which is able to produce two coenzymes namely NAD
(Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotid) and NADP (nicotinamide adenine
dinucleotide phosphate), which produces glucose metabolic activity, fat for
the body. Niacin can also form amino acid tryptophan which is able to calm
the central nervous system.

4. Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine, pyridoxal, pyridoxamine)

Similar to vitamin B3, the main source of this vitamin B6 is meat, fish, nuts,
potatoes and chicken which helps the body to synthesize nonessential amino
acids, improve body cell tissue, and produce red blood cells.
5. Vitamin B5 (Pantothenic acid)
Water soluble vitamins this one can make the body obtain energy from
carbohydrates, protein and fat. The body also uses pantothenic acid to produce
hormones and reduce cholesterol. While in the world of beauty, vitamin B5 is known
to help hair growth, eliminate acne scars and maintain healthy skin. Food sources of
vitamin B5 are avocados, broccoli, meat, vegetables, nuts, sunflower seeds.

6. Vitamin B12 (Kobalamin)

The source of nutrients from vitamin B12 is stored in animal meat and animal
products such as eggs. The function of this vitamin is to convert carbohydrates into
glucose to help produce energy, help regulate the nervous system to be healthy,
reduce depression, stress, and prevent brain shrinkage early.

7. Vitamin B8 (Biotin)
Biotin, also known as vitamin B8, is found in food sources such as nuts, milk, fat fish,
wheat and cabbage. Biotin functions to maintain the immune system, produce red
blood cells, keep the skin and hair healthy and maintain the functioning of the
nervous system.
8. Vitamin B11 (Folic Acid)
This water-soluble vitamin is known as Folate in its actual form.
Folic acid works with Vitamin B12 to form healthy red blood cells,
so we will avoid anemia. Folate is also needed by the body to
create DNA, so that birth defects during early pregnancy can be
avoided. Food sources of vitamin B11 are spinach, broccoli,
cabbage, cabbage, bananas, avocados, oranges, papaya, potatoes,
beans, sunflower seeds.

9. Vitamin C
Sources of vitamin C include oranges, melons, berries, broccoli, and
cabbage. Vitamin C works as an antioxidant and forms collagen,
fiber, protein structure in the body. Vitamin C also increases the
body's resistance to infections, and helps the body absorb iron.
Consequent To Advantages and Disadvantages
1. Vitamin C
* If deficiencies: canker sores in the mouth , the skin tends to be rough, the
gums are not healthy until the teeth are easily shaky, vulnerable causing
bleeding under the skin (around the eyes and gums), tired, muscle weakness,
depression easly, anemia ,of fatigue, headache, and irritability.
* If the excess: can cause diarrhea, dizziness, headache, and fatigue.
 
2. Vitamin B1 (Thiamin)
* If deficiencies: fluid buildup in tissues so susceptible to beriberi, decrease
in body resistance to easily be threatened by various infectious diseases,
inhibit the process of glycolysis, transmission of impulses to the weakened
nervous system, decreased appetite, disrupt the contraction of the heart
muscle.
* If the excess: rare and even if excess, this vitamin will be discharged out of
the body with urine. However, if a "procedure error" occurs that cannot be
removed, it is likely that kidney failure will occur.
3. VITAMIN B2 (Riboflavin)
* If deficiencies: sensitivity to light decreases, corners of the
lips crack, skin disorders around the nose and lips appear.
* If the excess: rare happen
 
4. VITAMIN B3 (Niacin)
* If deficiencies: pelagra disease (with symptoms of
dermatitis, diarrhea, dimensia), easily damaged skin, the
tongue becomes slippery, easily attacked by diarrhea,
becomes temperamental (irritable), or often confused.
* If the excess: skin around the neck, face, and palms peeled
off, burning and itching.
 
5. VITAMIN B5 (Pantothenic acid)
* If deficiencies: Skin disease, decreased appetite, insomnia,
dermatitis.
* if the excess: not yet known.
 
6. VITAMIN B6 (Pyridoxine)
* If deficiencies: pelagra, anemia, obstipation, stunted child
growth, muscle spasms ， damaged skin, dermatitis, cracked
lip angles, slippery tongue, canker sores, nausea, dizziness,
kidney stones appear, tired, weak, lethargic, appetite down ,
susceptible to infections and convulsions, pain in the wrist, easily
depressed.
* If the excess: although rare, in the long term can cause nerve
damage.
7. VITAMIN B11 (folic acid)
* If deficiencies: Anemia, Pernicious, Inflammation of the tongue, diarrhea,
growth in at age adolescence is hampered.
* If the excess: not yet known.
 
8. VITAMIN B12 (Kobalamin)
* If deficiencies: can interfere with the nervous system, reduce memory, easily
confused and moody, easy to experience delusions (fantasizing), fatigue, loss of
balance, decreased reflexes, numbness, causing hearing loss, causing symptoms
of anemia which includes fatigue, loss of appetite , diarrhea, causing disruption
of nerve cell formation, resulting in damage to the nervous system.
* If the excess: not yet known
 
9. Vitamin B8 (Biotin)
* If deficiencies: fatigue, depression, nausea, dermatitis, muscle pain.
* If the excess: Not yet known.
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