Unit 5

NERVOUS SYSTEM, IMMUNE SYSTEM AND

CELL SIGNALLING
IMMUNE SYSTEM
 WHAT IS IMMUNITY
•It is the ability of an organism to resist disease.

WHAT IS IMMUNE SYSTEM

Immune system consists of all the organs that defends our body against invaders,
such as viruses, bacteria, and foreign bodies  
 ORGANS AND CELLS OF IMMUNE SYSTEM
CELLS
ORGANS

Primary Lymphoid Organ: Bone marrow and Thymus.

Function: Generation of immune cells, differentiation

Secondary Lymphoid Organ : Tonsils, spleen, lymph The blood and lymph systems are connected with each other
nodes. throughout the body and they are responsible for
Function: Site for encounter with antigen, production of transporting the cells of immune system
antibodies, T lymphocyte proliferation
FUNCTIONS OF LYMPHOID ORGANS
TYPES OF IMMUNITY
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN INNATE AND
ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

INNATE IMMUNITY ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY

1. COMPONENTS OF INNATE IMMUNE
SYSTEM
COMPONENTS OF INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM
First Line
COMPONENTS OF INNATE IMMUNE SYSTEM
Second Line
Cell PHAGOCYTOSIS

DEGRANULATION

Soluble Factors: Complement proteins

 ADAPTIVE(ANTIBODY MEIDATED) IMMUNITY

ANTIBODY MEIDATED KILLING

Pathogens

Memory cell
• Humoral immunity works to clear foreign bodies by antibodies
in the serum.
• A immature B-lymphocyte (Naïve) becomes active when a
antigen binds to its surface and a nearby T cell releases cytokines
which sensitizes the B cell, and then cells start multiplying by
mitosis.
• B cells either become plasma cells which produce antibody or
become long lived memory cells.
ANTIGEN/ ANTIBODY
CELL MEDIATED IMMUNITY
COMPARISION BETWEEN HUMORAL AND CELL MEDIATED
IMMUNITY
DISEASES OF THE IMMUNE SYSTEM