Democratic periods of Benazir

Bhutto and Nawaz Sharif

PRESENTATION
PAK STUDIES

SUBMITTED TO :
MAAM TAHIRA
SUBMITTED BY :
Naila Ansari(002)
Noor ul Esha(007)
Iqra Asghar (010)
Junaid (
Zoha Tariq(019)
Benazir Bhutto
first term
PERSONAL INFORMATION OF BENEZIR BHUTTO
 Benazir Bhutto was born in Karachi on June 21,1953.
 She was daughter of Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and married to Asif Zardari.
 Her first language was English.

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BENEZIR BHUTTO BECAME PRIME MINISTER
 In 1988 Election, PPP Won 94 seats in the National Assembly.
 She became 11th prime minister of Pakistan.

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 PARTIES ALLINACE:
 With 8 M.Q.M Members, 13 Members from federally administer tribal area
PPP shows strong majority.
 Opponents contested election with sign of “bicycle” and PPP contested with
sign of “arrow”.

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facing problems in government

 Period was full of challenges.

 Energy crisis, inflation water shortage, law etc.

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Benazir BHUTTO VISION:
 The driving force behind the functionalism of government was Benezir
Bhutto Vision of
 Reconciliation
 Negotiation
 Benezir Bhutto vision provide a healing precription

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BELIEVE ON DEMOCRATIC SYSTEM:
 She believed that democracy is the solution of all problems.
 She was determined, committed and staunch believer of democratic values.
 She never settled personal scores for political ideas.

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BRAVERY OF BENEZIR BHUTTO:
 Twice she was in power and throughout her adult life, she headed the largest political
party of Pakistan.
 She gave a vision and mission to its followers and party man

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DEVELOPMENTAL AFFAIRS OF BENEZIR BHUTTO IN (1988-
1990):
 Became chairperson of PPP with her mother.
 Won the election of 1988 and became first lady Muslim Prime Minister.
 She restarted the unions.
 Spread electricity across all rural areas.
 Promised to restore the political freedom.

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PROBLEMS FACED BY BENEZIR BHUTTO IN (1988-1990):
 She re-joined the common wealth.
 She participated in SAARC.
 She signed 3 peace agreements with India.
 She made Sindhi as court language in Sindh.
 She reserved the seats for Sindhis in civil services .

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FIGHT AGAINST TERRORISM AND MILITANCY
 The PPP government got serious setback as it has to channel its energies and
resources to fight against terrorism and militancy.
 The stand of PPP has never been vague or compromising to placate the militants
and violent sectarian outfits.

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Benazir Bhutto
second term
 Benazir Bhutto’s Vision of Religion
 Never agreement to the violent parties.
 Relied on BB’s vision.
 They never gave empty claims and services
 Against violence she always say

“ I BELIVE THAT DEMOCRACIES DO NOT GO TO THE WAR, THAT’S

THE LESSON OF THE HISTORY”

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Contribution of her struggles
 PPP offer many sacrifices.

“ NO INDIVIUAL OR PEOPLE CAN ACHIEVE ANYTHING WITHOUT

INDUSTRY SUFFERING AND SARCIFICE”

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Implementation of democratic value
 She struggle a lot to transform Pakistani political culture into a democratically one
 Through her whole life

“ DEMOCRACY NEEDS SUPPORT AND IT COMES FROM ANOTHER .

. DEMOCRACIES”

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Vision and mission of her 2nd era
 Her 2nd era stays at 1993 -1996
 Greater risk of life.
 But she never scared

“ THAT LIFE IS TO SHORT TO SPEND WORRING ON PEOPLE WHO

OPPOSE YOU”

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Believe on democratic system
 Solution of all problems
 Determine and staunch leader.
 Not took revenge
 Challenged all rivals.

“ DEMOCRACY IS THE BEST REVENGE”

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Bravery of Benazir Bhutto
 First Pakistani leader.
 Not an ordinary leader.
 Leads her followers

“ THE GOBVERNMENT I LEAD GIVES PEOPLE PEACE , SECURITY,DIGNITY

AND OPPORTUNITY TO PROGRESS”

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Development affairs of Benazir Bhutto in 1988-1990

 First chairperson
 Won election in 1988
 Restore political freedom and health reforms.
 Restarted the union.
 Failed to deal the drug problems

“ FREEDOM IS NO AN END FREEDOM IS THE BIGNING”

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Problems faced by Benazir Bhutto in 1988-1990
 Rejoined the common wealth
 3 peace agreements
 Sindhi parts
 Court language
 Massacre of Pica Quilla

“ WHEN PEOPLE ARE DYING YOU REALLY DON’T LOOK AT WHOES

OFFEING THE HELP YOU JUST TOOK IT
FIRST ISSUE SHOULD BE TO HELP TE PEOPLE”

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Development affairs of Benazir Bhutto in 1993-1996

 Improve women image.

 She tried to make women to work in many spaces

“ CLEARLY ITS NOT EASY FOR WOMEN IN MODERN SOCIETY, NO MATTER

WHERE WE LIVE. WE STILL HAVE TO GO EXTRA MILES TO PROVE THAT WE
ARE EQUAL TO MEN.WE HAVE TO WORK LONGER HOUR AND MAKE MORE
SACRIFICIES, AND WE MUST EMOTIONLLY PROTECT OVERSELFES FROM
UNFAIR, OFTEN VISOUS ATTACKS MAKE ON US”

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Problems faced by Benazir Bhutto in 1993-1996
 Faced against the opposition and her mother
 Sandaled and dismissed.
 train march against her.

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Inspiration for democratic world
 Great source of inspiration.
 Democracy is the only way for the future.

“PAKISTAN WAS CREATED BY THE DMOCTRATIC PROCCESS AND ITS

SURVIVAL CAN BE POSSIBLE ONLYBY THE DEMOCRACY”

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 Nawaz
Sharif first term
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 Nawaz
Sharif second term
Nawaz Sharif 2nd era (1997-1999)
1997 ELECTIONS
 DUE TO CORRUPTION CHARGES, PPP WAS DISSOLVED BY FAROOQ LAGARI
 3 FEB 1997 ELECTIONS, PMLN-137 AND PPP-18
 2/3 MAJORITY AND CONTROL PUNJAB, SINDH, BALOCHISTAN AND KPK
 PASSED 13TH AND 14TH AMMENDMENTS
 MAY 1998 PAKISTAN BECAME NUCLEAR POWER
 OCT 1999 OUSTED BY PERVAIZ MUSHARAF

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 ECONOMIC POLICY
 Nawaz built Pakistan's first major motorway, the M2 Motorway (3MM), called the Autobahn of
South Asia
 ECONOMIC POLICY IS SAME AS ADOPTED IN HIS FIRST TERM
 OPENED KARACHI-STOCK-EXCHANGE
 ECONOMIC CONDITION IS NOT GOOD
 STOPPED THE NATIONAL SPACE PROGRAMS
 AT THE END OF HIS TERM, DEBT, EMPLOYMENTS STOOD ALL TIME HIGH
 DEBT WAS $32 BILLION AND RESERVERS WAS $1 BILLION
 IMF (INTERNATIONAL MONITORY FUND) ALSO SUSPENDED FUNDS TO PAKISTTAN

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 FOREIGN POLICY
 Nawaz strengthened Pakistan's relations with the Muslim world and Europe
 FEB 1997, VISITED CHINA AND PROMOTE CHINESE INVESTMENT IN PAKISTAN
 1997 SIGNED TRILATERAL FREE TRADE AGREEMENT WITH MALAYASIA AND
SINGAPORE
 JAN 1998 SIGNED BILATERAL ECONOMICAL AGREEMENT WITH SOUTH KOREA
 SIGNED AGREEMENT WITH ITLAY, BELGIUM, AND EUROPEUM UNION
 1998 NIUCLEAR TEST
 INTERNATIONAL RESPONSE, TRADE AGREEMENT
 1998 INDIA-PAKISTAN AGREEMENT FOR PEACE
 19 FEB 1999 ATAL BIHARI WAJPAYEE VISITED PAKISTAN
 21 FEB LAHORE DECLARATION

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 CONSTITUTIONAL AMMENDMENTS
 PASSES 13TH AND 14TH AMMENDMENT
13TH AMMENDMENT;
 STRIPPED PRESIDENTIAL POWER OF DISSOLVING N.A, PPP SUPPORTERS, SEMI
PRESIDENTIAL TO PARLIMENTARY
14 AMMENDMENT;
TH

 PARTY CHAIRMAN GOT POWER TO DISMISS THEIR LEGISLATURES

 AUGUST 1998 PROPOSED A BILL BASED ON ISLAMIC PRINCIPLES
 THE PASSAGE OF 13TH AND 14TH AMMENDMENT GAVE HIM ABSOLUTE POWER AND
HE BECAME STRONGEST PRIME MINISTER IN THE COUNTRY HISTORY

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 CONSTITUTIONAL CRISIS
 Nawaz manipulated the ranks of senior judges, deposing two judges close to Alishah
 military-backed Nawaz refused to obey the president's orders to remove him
 Nawaz forced President Farooq Leghari to resign, and appointed Wasim Sajjad as acting
president then ousted Alishah to end the constitutional crisis
 On 29 November 2006, Nawaz and the PML-N issued a formal apology for their actions to
Alishah and Leghari

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 Policy on anti-terrorism
 17 August 1997 Nawaz passed the controversial Anti-Terrorist Act
 ESTABLISHED ANTI-TERRORISM COURTS
 rendered the Act unconstitutional
 made amendments and received the permission of the Supreme Court to establish these courts

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 MEETING WITH ATAL BIHARI VAJPAYEE
 ATAL VAJPAYEE was starting the famous Delhi-Lahore bus service to foster better relationships
between India and Pakistan
 Sharif sent an invitation to Atal to visit Pakistan
 Immediately after crossing the border, where he was received by Nawaz Sharif
 OVER THE NEXT 24 HOURS, VAJPAYEE ATTEND A STATE BANQUET AT THE LAHORE
FORT, SIGNED THE LAHORE DACLARATION WITH SHARIF, VISITED THE MINAR-E-
PAKISTAN, AND GAVE ONE OF THE MOST HEART-WRENCHING SPEECHES AT THE
GOVERNER’S HOUSE

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 VAJPAYEE WROTE AT THE VISITORS BOOK AT MONUMENT;

“A STABLE, SECURE AND PROSPEROUS PAKISTAN IS IN INDIA’S INTEREST.

LET NO ONE IN PAKISTAN BE IN DOUBT, INDIA SINCERELY EISHES
PAKISTAN WELL”
 IN THE SPEECH, VAJPAYEE WENT ON THE QUOTE OF HIS OWN POEN;

‘‘HUM JUNG NA HONAY DENGE’’

 THE AUDIENCE WAS SO IMPRESSED BY ATAL’S SPEECH THAT NAWAZ
SHARID QUIPPED;

‘‘VAJPAYEE SAHAB AB TOH PAKISTAN MA B ELECTION JEET SKTY HAIN’’

[MR VAJPAYEE CAN NOW WIN ELECTIONS IN PAKISTAN]

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 PAKISTAN AS NUCLEAR POWER
 1997 PROMISED TO USE NUCLEAR POWER FOR CIVILIANS
 DEC 1997 PAKISTAN WILL SIGN CNTBT IF INDIA SIGN
 11 MAY 1998 INDIAN CONDUCTED NUCLEAR TEST
 14 MAY PPP AND MQM CALLED FOR N TEST
 On 18 May, Nawaz ordered the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC) to make
preparation for the tests
 On 21 May, Nawaz authorized nuclear weapon tests in Balochistan
 28 MAY PAK DID 5 TESTS
 30 MAY DID 1 TEST Chagai-I and Chagai-II
 Nawaz's political prestige reached its peak when the country went nuclear
 Nawaz was awarded BY Ig Nobel prize

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KARGIL WAR
THE KARGIL WAR IS ALSO KNOW AS KARGIL CONFLICT, WAS AN ARMED CONFLICT
FOUGHT BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN FROM MAY TO JULY 1999 IN KARGIL
DISTRICT OF KASHMIR AND ELSEWHERE ALONG THE LINE OF CONTROL.

BACKGROUND
 IN 1984 INDIA OCCUPIED SIACHIN GLACIER
 NEELAM VALLEY ROAD AZAD KASHMIR ROAD
 IN 1990 BENAZIR BHUTTO WAS THE PM OF PAKISTAN , PAK ARMY WANT
PERMISSION FROM BENAZIR FOR AN OPERATION
 PRIME MINISTER BENAZIR BHUTTO SAID NO FOR THIS OPERATION
 GENERAL PERVAIZ MUSHARAF BECAME COAS IN OCT 1998

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 PLAN BY 4 OFFICERS OF PAKISTAN
 TOP SECRET OPERATION
 BLOCK THE HIGHWAY BY OCCUPYING MOUNTAINS
 ALL INDIAN ARMY SUPPLIES WENT SIACHIN GLACIERS FROM THIS
HIGHWAY
 REMOVE FORCES FROM SIACHIN GLACIERS
 PAK ARMY STARTED SURVEY IN WINTER 1998-1999
 21 FEB 1999 LAHORE DECLARATION SIGNED
 FOR 6 MONTHS PAKISTAN ARMY ENTERED INDIA FROM DIFFERENT
LOCATIONS
 IN MAY SHEPHERDS TOLD ABOUT BUNKERS TO INDIA ARMY
 CONFIRM PRESENCE OF PAKISTAN
 INDIA USE AIRFORCES
 PAKISTAN GUNNED DOWN INDIAN JETS BY STINGERS
 WAR STRATED IN JUNE BETWEEN INDIA AND PAKISTAN

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 TWO STORIES OF KARGIL
THERE ARE TWO STORIES FROM PAKISTAN ABOUT KARGIL
 THE ONE IS WHAT THE PM OF PAKISTAN SAYS
 THE OTHER ONE IS WHAT THE GENERAL PERVAIZ MUSHARAF SAYS
GENERAL PERVAIZ MUSHARAF
 ACCORDING TO GENERAL PERVAIZ MUSHARAF;
‘‘FIRST TIME PAKISTAN CAUGHT INDIA BY THROAT’’
 TACTICAL VICTORY BUT POLITICALY DEFEAT
 PAKISTAN ENTERED FROM 5 PLACES AND BLOCK ALL MOVEMENTS ON 1-D
HIGHWAY

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 PRIME MINISTER NAWAZ SHARIF
 INDIAN RESPONSE WAS AGGRESSIVE
 100,000 INDIAN TROOPS WITH AIR FORCES AND BOFORS GUN
 PRIME MINISTER WENT AMERICA DURING WAR
 US PRESIDENT BILL CLINTON AND PM HAD A MEETING
 BILL CLINTON ASKED PAKISTAN TO WITHDRAW ALL FORCES
 OBJECTIVE OF PAKISTAN TO REMOVE INDIAN FORCES FROM SIACHIN GLACIERS
NOT COMPLETED
 AND IN 1999 WAR BETWEEN TWO NUCLEAR POWERS COME TO AN END

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 IMPOSITION OF MILITARY RULE (12 OCT 1999)
 CLASHES WITH MUSHARAF
 MAJOR CLASH DUE TO KARGIL WAR
 PM (MR. SHARIF) WANT TO REPLACE GENERAL MUSHARAF WITH D.G ISI Lt.
GENERAL ZIA UDDIN BUTT
 GENERAL MUSHARAF FLIGHT WAS NOT ALLOWED TO LAND
 APPOINTMENT OF ZIA-UDDIN AND REBELLION OF ARMY
 IMPOSITION OF MARTIAL LAW 12 OCT 1999

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 OVERTHROW OF NAWAZ SHARIF
 ARREST OF NAWAZ SHARIF ANS SHAHBAZ SHARIF
 SHIFTING IN ATAK JAIL AND PLANE CONSPIRACY CASE, CORRUPTION
 14 MONTHS OF IMPRISONMENT
 SUPPORT OF SAUDIA
 AGREED ON 10 YEARS OF EXILE, NOT TO TAKE PART IN POLITICS FOR 21 YEARS,
 A FINE OF $500,000
 FORFEITED PROPERTY WORTH

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THANK
YOU