Mathematics and Art

- Oliver, Jack Z, James

 Introduction

Symmetry in Art

Catalog Golden Ratio in Art

Fractals in Art

Q&A
The Relation
Between
Mathematics and Mathematics has been used in art
throughout history, from ancient Greece
Art to modern-day computer-generated
designs. By understanding the
connection between mathematics and
art, we can gain a deeper appreciation
for both fields and how they work
together to create some of the most
beautiful and captivating works of art.
Symmetry in Art
 Symmetry in Art
One of the most common ways in which
mathematics is used in art is through the
concept of symmetry. Symmetry is the idea
that an object or image can be divided into
identical or nearly identical parts. It has been
used in art throughout history, from the
geometric patterns found in ancient Greek
pottery to the intricate designs of Islamic art.
M.C. Escher

One artist who is particularly well-

known for his use of symmetry is M.C.
Escher. Escher was a Dutch graphic
artist who created intricate designs that
often incorporated impossible
perspectives and impossible objects.
His work often used symmetry to
create the illusion of a never-ending
pattern or structure.
 Fractal
Art
-Fractal art is a form of algorithmic art created by calculating fractal objects
and representing the calculation results as still digital images, animations, and
media.
-It is a genre of computer art and digital art which are part of new media art.

-The mathematical beauty of fractals lies at the intersection of

generative art and computer art. They combine to produce a type of
abstract art.
 Hindu temples feature self-similar, fractal-like
structures, where parts resemble the whole.

Islamic geometric patterns are reminiscent of fractal

art, as on the main dome of Selimiye Mosque in
Edirne, Turkey, with self-similar patterns.
 Fractal Art in Western World
-It is usually created indirectly with the assistance of fractal-generating software.

-iterating through three phases: setting parameters of appropriate fractal software; executing
the possibly lengthy calculation; and evaluating the product. In some cases, other
graphics programs are used to further modify the images produced.
Golden Ratio in
Art
 Golden Ratio in
Art
The golden ratio is a mathematical
concept that occurs when two quantities
are in proportion to one another in such a
way that the ratio of the smaller to the
larger quantity is the same as the ratio of
the larger quantity to the sum of the two
quantities. This ratio is approximately
equal to 1.61803398875 and is denoted
by the Greek letter phi (Φ). The golden
ratio has been observed in many aspects
of the natural world, including the spiral
patterns found in seashells, the branching
patterns of trees, and the growth patterns
of many plants.
 Golden Ratio in
Art
In art, the golden ratio has been used as a tool to create aesthetically pleasing
compositions. This is because the ratio is believed to create a sense of balance and
harmony within an artwork. Many famous works of art, including the Parthenon in
Athens, Greece, and the Mona Lisa by Leonardo da Vinci, have been designed using the
golden ratio.
The Parthenon, a temple built in the 5th century BCE, was designed with the golden
ratio in mind. The ratio was used to determine the dimensions of the building’s columns,
as well as the spacing between them. The result is a building that appears balanced and
harmonious, despite its size and complexity.
Reference
"The Mathematics of Islamic Art and Design" by Eric Broug. Thames & Hudson, 2013.

"The Golden Ratio: The Story of Phi, the World's Most Astonishing Number" by Mario Livio.
Broadway Books, 2003.

"Fractal Art: Basic Introduction to the Mathematics Behind Fractals" by L. Kocinova, P. Fabo, and
L. Kozakova. Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Mathematical Foundations of
Computer Science, 2011.

"Mathematics and Art" by Lynn Gamwell. Princeton University Press, 2015.

Q&A
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