Metrology and RoHS

Asian Electrical and Electronic Green Society 2009 in Bangkok

October 7, 2009

Dr. Pian Totarong

Director
National Institute of Metrology (Thailand)
 Content
- What is Metrology ?
- History of International Metrology
- History of Metrology in Thailand
- National Metrology System
- Metrology VS Quality System
- Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive
- Conclusion

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What is Metrology ?

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 What is Metrology ?

 International Vocabulary of Metrology - Basic and

General Concepts and Associated Terms (VIM) : 2008
“Science of measurement and its application”
NOTE

Metrology includes all theoretical and practical aspects of measurement,

whatever the measurement uncertainty (Measurement result with level of
confidence) and field of application.
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 What is Metrology ?
 Webster Dictionary
“The science of, or a system of, weights and measures;
also, a treatise on the subject.”

 The American Heritage Dictionary of the English

Language
“The science that deals with measurement, a system of
measurement.”
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History of International Metrology

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Target of International Metrology

“World-wide uniformity of measurement”

in other words
“One measurement, accepted everywhere”

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 History of International Metrology
 The Metre Convention was held in Paris in 1875
by representatives of seventeen nations.
 The signing of the Metre Convention occurred
on 20 May 1875, known as World Metrology Day.
 The Metre Convention is the second oldest convention
in the world. (The oldest agreement : Strasbourg Agreement (1675)
banning the use of chemical weapons)
 There are now 80 Member States and Associates States,
including Thailand.
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 17 Countries signed in Metre Convention in 1875
1. Argentina 2. Austria-Hungary 3. Belgium
4. Brazil 5. Denmark 6. France
7. Germany 8. Italy 9. Peru
10. Portugal 11. Russia 12. Spain
13. Sweden and Norway 14. Switzerland 15. Turkey
16.United States of America 17. Venezuela

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Members of International Bureau
of Weights and Measures (BIPM)

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 The Metre Convention

The Salon de l'Horloge

ในกระทรวงการตางประเทศของฝรัง่ เศส
เปนสถานที่ที่สมาชิก The Metre
Convention ไดรวมลงนาม

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The conclusion of the Metre Convention

International Bureau of Weights and Measures : BIPM

International Committee for Weights and Measures : CIPM

General Conference on Weights and Measures : CGPM

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International Bureau of Weights and
Measures : BIPM

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International Bureau of
Weights and Measures :  BIPM was set up by the Metre Convention in 1875
BIPM
 Its headquarters locates near Paris, France. It is
financed jointly by the Member States of the
Convention and operates under the exclusive
supervision of the CIPM.
 Its mandate is to provide the basis for a single,
coherent system of measurements throughout the
world, traceable to the International System of Units (SI)

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 International
Committee for  The CIPM is made up of eighteen individuals, each
Weights and from a different Member State under the Metre
Measures : CIPM Convention.

 Its principal task is to promote world-wide

uniformity in units of measurement and it does this
by direct action or by submitting draft resolutions
to the General Conference (CGPM).

 It meets annually at the BIPM.

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General Conference
on Weights and  The CGPM was held in 1889.
Measures  The CGPM currently meets in Paris once every four years.
(CGPM)
 The General Conference receives the report of the International
Committee for Weights and Measures (CIPM) on work
accomplished; it discusses and examines the arrangements
required to ensure the propagation and improvement of the
International System of Units (SI); it endorses the results of
new fundamental metrological determinations and various
scientific resolutions of international scope; and it decides all
major issues concerning the organization and development of
the BIPM, including the donation of the BIPM for the next
four-year period

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 International Metrology Organizations
International Bureau of International Organization of
Weights and Measures : Legal Metrology :
BIPM OIML
- established in 1875 by Metre Convention - established in 1955
- Mission : world-wide uniformity of - Mission : to promote the global
Measurement by providing the traceability harmonization of legal metrology
to the International System of Units (SI), procedures

Scientific Metrology Legal Metrology

or Industrial Metrology Central Bureau of Weights and Measures
National Institute of Metrology (Thailand) Department of Internal Trade
Ministry of Science and Technology Ministry of Commerce 17
 Metrology and Legal Metrology
Highest Level of Precision
(Scientific Metrology)
International Organization National Organization
Bureau International National Institute of Metrology (Thailand)
des Poids et Mesures (BIPM) Ministry of Science and Technology

Organization International Central Bureau of Weights and Measures

de Metrologie Legale (OIML) Ministry of Commerce

Lower Level of Precision

(Measurement of Direct Consumers – Legal Metrology)
แหลงขอมูล : Jeffrey Williams, From the BIPM Metrology and traceability,OIML Bulletin Volume XLV. Number 4, October 2004 18
History of Metrology in Thailand

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 History of Metrology in Thailand
• The Kingdom of Thailand participated and signed the Metre
Convention in 1912. (1 STMeeting in 1875)
• Weights and Measures Act B.E. 2466 (1923) – Revised in
1999, Central Bureau of Weights and Measures (CBWM),
Department of Internal Trade, Ministry of Commerce:
Thailand accepts the Metric System.
• First Calibration Laboratory in Thailand :
Industrial Metrology and Testing Services Centre (1961),
Thailand Institute of Scientific and Technological Research
(TISTR)

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 History of Metrology in Thailand
 Second Calibration Laboratory in Thailand :
Precision Measurement Equipment Laboratory
(1965), Directorate of Communication &
Electronics, Royal Thai Air Force
 Third Calibration Laboratory in Thailand :
Metrology Development Program (1966),
Department of Science and Service (DSS),
Ministry of Science, Technology and Environment
 National Metrological System Development Act,
B.E. 2540 (1997) was proclaimed. According to
the act, National Institute of Metrology (Thailand)
was established.
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National Institute of Metrology (Thailand)
(NIMT)
• Established under the National
Metrological System Development
Act, B.E. 2540 (1997)

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 NIMT VISION
NIMT is an internationally recognized
organization to establish national measuremen
standards, and to help strengthening the
abilities of competitiveness of international
trading, consumer protection, and environmen
conservation, of the country.

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 National Institute of Metrology (Thailand)

Objectives:
 To establish internationally recognized
National Measurement Standards
 To disseminate the measurement accuracy
to the users in the country
 To promote the awareness of the
importance of the metrology
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 NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF METROLOGY (THAILAND)
National Metrology Board
Audit Committee
Director
Internal Auditor Experts (PL 11-12)

Deputy Director (1) Deputy Director (2)

Policy & Acoustic &

Mechanical Electrical Thermometry Dimensional Photometry Chemical
Strategy Administration Vibration
Metrology Metrology Metrology Metrology Metrology Metrology
Department Metrology
Department Department Department Department Department Department
Department
Policy Finance
Mass DC Voltage Fixed Points Length Photometry Organic
& Strategy Acoustic
Human Resource Chemical
Budget Density AC Voltage Temperature Wavelength Colorimetry
Vibration Analysis
& Fund
General Affair
International Force Resistance Radiation Angular Radiation Inorganic
Relations Thermometry Ultrasound Chemical
Building &
Torque Capacitance Fibre Optics Analysis
Public Maintenance Humidity Diameter
&Inductance
Relations Procurement Hardness CMM Electrochemical
Power
Industrial
Legal Pressure & Gear Lab Bioanalysis
Relations High Voltage
General Affair Vacuum Roughness Gas analysis
(Document) Magnetics
Flow Form
Time & Frequency
Secretary
Line Scale
RF Microwave
Information
Technology Center

167 Staffs (104 Metrologists) 25

National Metrology System

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 Structure of National Metrology System
(Measurement Traceability Chain)
International Measurement Standards

International Comparison National Standards

Quality System Certified Reference Materials
National Metrology Institute

To Calibrate Reference Standards

Reference Standards
by National Standards
Calibration Laboratories / Chemical Analysis Reference Laboratories

To Calibrate User Standards Working (User) Standards,

and Measuring Equipments Measuring Equipments
Industries

Measuring
Measurement Traceability

Products
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 Traceability Chart of DC Voltage

Josephson Junction
Primary Standard Voltage Standard
(National Standard) Uncertainty = + 10-9 V

Zener Reference
Secondary Standard Standard
Uncertainty = + 10-6 V

Working Standard Digital Multimeter/Calibrator

Uncertainty = + 10-5 V

Multimeter
Measuring Equipment
Uncertainty = + 10-3 V
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www.nimt.or.th 28
 Traceability of Mass
In te r n a tio n a l L e v e l
K (B IP M )
+ 2 .3 x 1 0 - 9 (1 ) (P t - Ir )

T h e In te r n a tio n n a l P r o to ty p e o f th e k ilo g ra m

N a tio n a l L e v e l
P80
+ 4 x10 -9
(1 ) (P t - Ir ) (N IM T )

T h e N a tio n a l P r o to ty p e o f th e k ilo g ra m N o 8 0

R e fe r e n c e L e v e l
+ 5 x 1 0-8 ( 2 ) E0

+ 1 .5 x 1 0 - 7 (2 ) SecondaryLevel
E1

+ 5 x 1 0-7 ( 2 )

E 2 a n d L o w e r ( F1 , F 2 , M 1 , M 2 )

B a la n c e 29
www.nimt.or.th 29
 Traceability Chart of Length
Iodine Stabilized He-Ne Laser
Wavelength 633 nm
Primary Standard Uncertainty = + 2.5 x 10-11 m
(National Standard)
Stabilized He-Ne Laser
(Gauge Block Interferometer)
Wavelength 633 nm, 543 nm
Uncertainty = + 1 x 10-9 m

Steel Gauge Blocks, Ceramic Gauge Blocks, Carbide Gauge Blocks, Tungsten Carbide
Grade 00 Grade K Grade AA Gauge Blocks,
Uncertainty = + 4.7 x 10-8 m Uncertainty = + 3.9 x 10-8 m Uncertainty = + 3.6 x 10-8 m Uncertainty = + 2.2 x 10-8 m

Gauge Block Comparator Uncertainty = + 3.2 x 10-8 m

Reference Standard

Gauge Blocks, Grade 0

Working Standard Gauge Block Comparator Uncertainty = + 5 x 10-8 m

Gauge Blocks, Grade 1,2

Uncertainty = + 6 x 10-5 m
Measuring Equipment 30
Micrometer
www.nimt.or.th 30
Metrology VS Quality System

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 How metrology improves
the product quality?

• Products and services with good quality

rely on the good and reliable measurements.

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 Metrology Supports Quality System
 Quality system requires the measurement
traceability.
 Metrology provides that measurement
traceability.

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• ISO 9000 : Quality Management System
Requirement of ISO 9001 : 2008 related to the measurement
7.6 Control of Monitoring and Measuring Equipment
... Where necessary to ensure valid results, measuring equipment shall
a) be calibrated or verified, or both, at specified intervals, or prior to use,
against measurement standards traceable to international or national
measurement standards , where no such standards exist, the basis used
for calibration or verification shall be recorded.
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• ISO/IEC 17025 : General Requirements for the Competence
of Testing and Calibration Laboratories

Requirement of ISO/ IEC 17025 : 2005 related to the measurement

5. Technical Requirement
5.1 General
5.2 Personnel
5.3 Accommodation and Environmental Conditions
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 5.4 Test and Calibration Methods and Method Validation
The laboratory shall use test and/or calibration methods,including methods for
sampling , which meet the needs of the customerand which are appropriate for the
test and/or calibrations it undertakes….

5.5 Equipment
... Before being placed into service, equipment (including that used for
sampling) shall be calibrated or checked to establish that it meets the laboratory’s
specification requirements and complies with the relevant standard specifications ...
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 5.6 Measurement Traceability
5.7 Sampling
5.8 Handling of Test and Calibration Items
5.9 Assuring the Quality of Test and Calibration Results
5.10 Reporting the Result

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• ISO 14000 : Environment Management System (EMS

Requirement of ISO 14000 related to the measurement

4.5.1 Establish Monitoring and Measurement Capabilities
... Monitoring equipment shall be calibrated and maintained and records of
this process shall be retained according to the organization’s procedures…

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Restriction of Hazardous
Substances Directive

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Restriction of Hazardous
Substances Directive
 The Directive on the restriction of the use of certain
hazardous substances in electrical and electronic
equipment 2002/95/EC commonly referred to as the
Restriction of Hazardous Substances Directive or RoHS
 Adopted in February 2003 by the European Union
 The RoHS directory took effect on 1 July 2006
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 RoHS
 Restricts the use of the following six substances:
1. Cadmium (Cd): maximum permitted concentrations are 0.01%
or 100 ppm by weight of homogeneous material
2. Hexavalent chromium Cr (VI) maximum permitted
3. Mercury (Hg) concentrations are 0.1%
4. Lead (Pb)
5. Polybrominated Biphenyl (PBB) or 1000 ppm by weight of
6. Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether (PBDE) homogeneous material

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 CCQM
 Inorganic Analysis Working Group (IAWG)
 CCQM-P106: Cd, Cr, Hg and Pb in Polypropylene for the RoHS
Directive in advance material field
 Organized by NIM

 Organic Analysis Working Group (OAWG)

 CCQM-P114: Flame retardants in plastics – selected PBDEs and PBBs
 Organized by IRMM

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 Chemical Metrology Laboratory
Network (CMLN)
 Inorganic Analysis Laboratory of the National Institute of
Metrology (Thailand) (NIMT)
 Participated in CCQM-P106

 Organic analysis and instruments laboratory, Chemistry Project,

Department of Science Services (DSS)
 Participated in CCQM-P114

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The result of inter-laboratory comparison by DSS
 CCQM-P114: Flame retardants in plastics – selected PBDEs and PBBs

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 Conclusion
 NIMT and DSS have first step successfully established the
measurement capability for RoHS measurement
 Reference materials for RoHS measurement are planed
 Proficiency Testing Schemes for RoHS measurement are planed

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Thank you

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