Prevention of Hepatitis A to E

Prof. Muhammad Asif Gul

Head of Department
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
SIMS/Services Hospital Lahore.
Hepatitis A
Hepatitis A is a viral liver disease
caused by the Hepatitis A virus (HAV).
It is usually transmitted through
contaminated food and water.
 Prevention of Hepatitis A

The Hepatitis A vaccine is highly effective in preventing HAV infection. It is

recommended for children, travelers to regions with high HAV prevalence, people
with chronic liver disease, and those at risk of exposure to the virus through their
work or other activities.
Hepatitis B
Hepatitis B is caused by the Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and can lead
to chronic liver disease.
Some individuals may remain asymptomatic for years while
carrying the virus.
 EPI shots at appropriate All 18 yo and above must get
intervals HBV vaccine at 0,1 and 6
month

HEPATITIS B
PREVENTIO
N
 Hepatitis B Antiviral Prophylaxis
In specific high-risk scenarios, antiviral prophylaxis with medications like tenofovir or
entecavir may be recommended to prevent Hepatitis B infection.
Individuals at risk, such as pregnant women with high viral loads, may benefit from
antiviral treatment during pregnancy.
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis C is caused by the
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) and is often
asymptomatic in its early stages.

HCV is primarily transmitted

through contact with infected
blood.
Hepatitis C Prevention
PREVENTION: PREVENTION OF HEPATITIS C IS FOCUSED ON
AVOIDING CONTACT WITH INFECTED BLOOD. THIS INCLUDES
NOT SHARING NEEDLES, SYRINGES, OR PERSONAL ITEMS THAT
MAY HAVE COME INTO CONTACT WITH BLOOD.
ADDITIONALLY, HCV SCREENING AND EARLY TREATMENT OF
INFECTED INDIVIDUALS ARE ESSENTIAL TO PREVENT
TRANSMISSION.

Screening Recommendations
EASL and AASLD recommend routine screening for Hepatitis C in high-risk populations, including individuals who
inject drugs, recipients of blood products before 1992, and those with a history of multiple sexual partners or
certain medical conditions.
 Video

HEPATITIS C PREVENTION
Hepatitis D
Hepatitis D, also known as Delta Hepatitis, is a liver disease caused by the Hepatitis D virus (HDV). It only occurs in
individuals who are already infected with Hepatitis B. HDV is transmitted through contact with infected blood and
other body fluids.

Prevention: Since HDV requires HBV co-infection to cause infection, prevention efforts focus on preventing Hepatitis
B. Therefore, universal Hepatitis B vaccination is a crucial prevention measure against Hepatitis D.
Hepatitis D Management

Management of Hepatitis D involves treating the underlying Hepatitis B infection. EASL and AASLD recommend
antiviral therapy with drugs that are effective against both HBV and HDV for individuals with Hepatitis D.
Hepatitis E
Hepatitis E is caused by the Hepatitis E
virus (HEV) and is primarily transmitted
through contaminated water. It is a
significant cause of acute viral hepatitis
globally, especially in regions with
inadequate sanitation and water supply.
 HEV
Prevention:
To prevent Hepatitis E, individuals should
drink safe, clean water and practice good
hygiene, especially in areas with poor
sanitation. Proper waste disposal and
personal hygiene are also critical to
reducing the risk of infection in areas where
the virus is endemic.
 Summary
Hepatitis A to E are viral liver diseases, and their prevention strategies vary based on the mode of
transmission and availability of vaccines. Vaccination, good hygiene practices, safe drinking water, and
early treatment play crucial roles in preventing these infections and reducing their impact on public
health.
Thank You
Questions and Comments