ANTI-LOCK

BRAKING SYSTEM

BY:
Manish karki
Objectives:
1.To understand the concepts of ABS
2.To study ABS configuration and its working
3.To study the feautures of ABS
4.To know about technological advancement on ABS
Introduction:
1.Saftey AntI-skid braking system
2.An Automated System
3.Advanced Hydraulic System
Comparision:
 ABS Components:
A.Hydraulic components
1.Accumulator
Stores hydraulic fluid to maintain high pressure in
the brake
2..Antilock hydraulic control valve assembly
Controls the release and application of brake
system pressure to the wheel brake assemblies.
3.Booster pump
Assembly of electric motor and pump to provide
pressurized hydraulic fluid ABS
4.Booster/Master cylinder assembly
It is referred as the hydraulic unit, contains the
valves and pistons needed to modulate hydraulic
pressure in the wheel circuit during the ABS opera-
tions
5.Hydraulic control unit:
Based upon the signals from ECU,through the so-
lenoid valves,controls the wheel brake presure for
optimal braking.
Components (continued..)
B.Wheel speed sensor:
Detect the speed of rotation and wheel lock
condition.
C.The ECU:
Main controlling unit which co-ordinates the fun
ctioning of ABS.
Working:
1.ABS works in a closed loop with a series of inputs and
outputs
2. The most important inputs are from the wheel speed
sensors
3.The main output is brake system
pressure control
by the ECU commands
Working:
4.The ECU compares the signals from each of the wheel
sensors and measures the acceleration or
deceleration of an individual wheel.
5. From this data, brake pressure to one or more of the
wheels is regulated.
6.Through the ECU command, the brake pressure can be-
– Reduced
– held constant
– allowed to increase
Types of ABS:
1.Four channel, four sensor ABS
This is the best scheme. there is speed sensor on all four
wheels and a separate valve for all the four wheels.
2.Three channel , three sensor ABS
This scheme is commonly found on pick up trucks with four
wheels ABS, has a speed sensor and a valve for each of the
front wheels, with one valve and one sensor for both rear
wheels.
3.One channel , one sensor ABS
it has one valve ,which controls both rear wheels , and one
speed sensor, located in the rear axle.
ABS Feautures:
1.ATC-Automatic traction control
2.ASC-Automatic Stability Control
3.HDC-Hill Decent Control
4.HHC-Hill Hold Control
5.Corner Stability Control
Diagnosis:
1.Visual inspection:
Check speed sensor,Sensor mount,sensor tip,
2.Air gap check:
Air gap specification- 0.2 to 0.7mm
3.Resistance Measurement:
Checks the integrity of sensors coil and pigtails
 Advantages:
1.It allows the driver to maintain directional stability
and control over steering during braking
2.Safe and effective
3.Automatically changes the brake fluid pressure at
each wheel to maintain optimum brake performance.
4.ABS absorbs the unwanted turbulence shock waves
and modulates the pulses thus permitting the wheel
to continue turning under maximum braking pres-
sure.
 Disadvantage:
1.It is costly.
2.Maintenance cost of a car equipped with ABS
is more.
 Conclusion:
1.Statistics show that approximately 40 % of
automobile accidents are due to skidding.
2.These problems commonly occur on vehicle
with conventional brake system which can be
avoided by adding devices called ABS.
3.If there is an ABS failure, the system will
revert to normal brake operation. Normally
the ABS warning light will turn on and let the
driver know there is a fault.