Overview in ICT Fundamental

The computer

A computer is a machine that executes

sequences of instructions that process
data.
A computer is, at its most basic, a
machine which can take instructions,
and perform computations based on
those instructions.
 What exists
into a
computer (the
hardware)
Characteristics of a Computer

Speed Reliability Accuracy Diligence

Power of
Versatility Storage No Feeling
remembering

No IQ
 How does the computer operate (the software)

Two main types of software:

– Applications – this category includes software used by end users to accomplish specific task
(like video playing, online shopping or information processing)
– System software – this category includes software used to control the hardware, like
provision of basic functionalities required by users, or to enable execution of other software.

Software development
All kinds of computer software is usually developed by use of programming languages
• There are many languages, each suited for specific purposes. Some of
the popular general-purpose programming languages are:
– C/C++
– Java
– Python
 What is ICT?

INFORMATION COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY

ICT is a term that has been used in many aspects of

technology perception in modern society
– Text processing and electronic tables
– Tools for digitalization of business, (like Social media,
online collaboration tools, etc.)
– Programming and web development
– Software engineering
– Artificial intelligence
– Business analytics and enterprise management
– Etc.
•Two technologies make up ICT, and
these are:
–Information Technology
–Communications Technology

•During last decade of twentieth century

there was extraordinary development in
information and communication
technology (ICT) which led to a
transmutation of processes
(changes)and practices in almost all
aspects of human activities.
 What is Information Technology?
•IT is a combination of facilities for
collecting, storing, retrieving and
processing of information.
What is Computer Science?
• Computer science focuses on the
development and testing of software
and software systems. It involves
working with mathematical models,
data analysis and security, algorithms,
and computational theory.
What is Communications
Technology?
•Communications Technology is a
collection of facilities for
transmission and reception of
information.
•refers to all equipment and
programs that are used to process
and communicate information.
•What does one learn in ICT?

How to collect, store, retrieve and

process data.
 How to transmit and receive
information.
How to identify and correct errors
during processing or transmission.
How to identify, install and
troubleshoot ICT facilities.
Seatwork 01– ½
crosswise yellow paper
•Answer the ff questions based on
the Overview Topic of ICT
(write atleast a minimum of 30
words)

I. Using specific examples,

describe how the information
can be converted, stored,
protected, processed,
transmitted, and retrieved using
computers and its software.

II. Write a note on how IT can help

an organization in gaining a
competitive advantage on its
operations.
•Answer the ff questions based on
the Overview Topic of ICT
(write atleast a minimum of 30
words)

I. What is the difference between IT

and ICT?
II. Briefly describe one way how ICT
can be applied in each of the
following areas.
a. Education
b. b. Health
•Answer the ff questions based on
the Overview Topic of ICT
(write atleast a minimum of 30
words)

I. Describe the following terms;

a. IT
b. b. ICT
c. c. CS
II. What is the impact of computer
literacy instruction in school.