EARTHQUAKE

HAZARDS
12 – Disaster Readiness and
Risk-Reduction
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, learners are
able to:
• describe potential disasters that results from
ground shaking through plenary sharing
• illustrate examples of human activities that
can induce landslides after an earthquake
hazard

2
OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the lesson, learners are
able to:
• Implore the importance of preventive
activities to minimize the effects of
earthquake hazards through the use of various
medium (role play, poster making)

3
HALO-HALO !
HALO-HALO!
• Arrange the Jumbled Letters
to form a word/phrase that
corresponds to a specific
hazard.
• Identify if the type of
hazard is Natural or Man-
made.
SMIANTU
NELYCOC
IRETORSRM
NRIA CAID
DIESLNADL
 HREAT
HSKNAIG
EARTHQUAKES
PUZZLE OUT!
• Arrange the given
puzzles.
• The first group to
complete the puzzle will
be given additional
points.
PUZZLE OUT!
• Describe the nature of
the image.
• What would be the
possible scenarios, if a
strong earthquake will
strike on these places?
EARTHQUAKES
A sudden and violent shaking of
the ground, sometimes causing
great destruction, as a result of
movements within the earth's
crust or volcanic action. –
OXFORD Dictionary
EARTHQUAKES
An earthquake is the
vibration of Earth
produced by the rapid
release of energy within
the lithosphere.
EARTHQUAKES
are caused by slippage
along a break in the
lithosphere, called a
fault.
EARTHQUAKES
• the energy released by
an earthquake travels in
all directions from the
focus in the form of
seismic waves.
EARTHQUAKES
• An earthquake is what
happens when two
blocks of the earth
suddenly slip past one
another. – United States
Geological Survey
EARTHQUAKES
PHILIPPINE
TECTONIC
MAP
EARTHQUAKES
• the most dangerous part
of any tectonic plate is at
its edges
• when two plates move,
the boundaries of both
plates would have the
highest risk of disaster
WANTED!
EARTHQUAKE
HAZARDS
• Using the meta-card,
write down the
exposed elements
that are directly
affected by the
earthquake hazards.
EARTHQUAKE
HAZARDS
• refer to earthquake
agents which have
the potential to cause
harm to a vulnerable
target which can
either be humans,
animals or even your
environment.
The effects of an
earthquake can
be classified as
Primary or
Secondary.
PRIMARY
EFFECTS
• permanent features
an earthquake can
bring out.
• Example:
• fault scarps, surface
ruptures, and offsets
of natural or human-
constructed objects.
SECONDARY
EFFECTS
• happen when
ground movement
results to other
types of destruction.
• Example:
• include landslides,
tsunami, liquefaction
and fire.
POTENTIAL EARTHQUAKE HAZARDS
1. GROUND SHAKING
• a term used to describe
the vibration of the
ground during an
earthquake
1. GROUND SHAKING
• caused by body waves
and surface waves.
1. GROUND SHAKING
• the severity of ground
shaking increases as
magnitude increases and
decreases as distance
from the causative fault
increases
2. GROUND RUPTURE
• Deformation on the
ground that marks, the
intersection of the fault
with the earth's surface.
2. GROUND RUPTURE
• Effects: fissuring,
displacement of the
ground due to movement
of the fault.
3. LIQUEFACTION
• takes place when loosely
packed, water-logged
sediments at or near the
ground surface lose their
strength in response to
strong ground shaking.
3. LIQUEFACTION
• Liquefaction occurring
beneath buildings and other
structures can cause major
damage during
earthquakes.
4. EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED
GROUND SUBSIDENCE
• Lowering of the ground
surface, known as
subsidence or settling,
often occurs during an
earthquake.
4. EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED
GROUND SUBSIDENCE
• Common causes of ground
subsidence during an earthquake
include consolidation or failure of
the ground under a foundation,
densification of sand and gravel
layers due to the ground shaking
and liquefaction.
5. TSUNAMI
• is a series of sea waves
commonly generated by
under-the-sea earthquakes
and whose heights could be
greater than 5 meters.
5. TSUNAMI
• occur when the earthquake
is shallow-seated and strong
enough to displace parts of
the seabed and disturb the
mass of water over it
5. TSUNAMI
• Is a Japanese word that
means “harbor wave”
6. EARTHEQUAKE-
INDUCED LANDSLIDE
• when earthquake occurs,
the transmission of seismic
waves can cause shaking
and vibration of ground
surface
6. EARTHEQUAKE-
INDUCED LANDSLIDE
• This often trigger the
collapse of potential
landslide areas
QUICK INSIGHT!
• Give the meaning of the
underlined words by
examining how it is used in
the sentence.
• Look for context clues.
1. When the soil is water-saturated,
it tends to behave like a liquid. Such
behavior leads to secondary
earthquake effect which is called
liquefaction.
2. Seismic activities must be
monitored because earthquakes
originate below the earth’s crust.
3. Ground subsidence happens
because of the soft and liquid-like
behavior of some soil.
4. A tsunami is caused by
earthquake in oceanic floors. This
leads to huge flooding in
communities near the seashore.
A FAIR WARNING!
• From the different geographical landforms of OCEAN,
HILLS and PLAINS in the above puzzle, create an EARLY
WARNING SYSTEM Reminder on WHAT to do if an
Earthquake Hazard will strike on these communities.
• Address your WARNING SYSTEMS REMINDERS to the
communities that might be living in these places: You may
present it in a recorded talk-show, song, a poster, or a
recorded video broadcasting video.
A FAIR WARNING!
• Your output will be rated using a rubric.
• It will be submitted next meeting to give you time for
your creativity and content.
• Your output should emphasize the importance of
understanding the earthquake hazards in order to save
lives
Thank you