MENG104 ENGINEERING GRAPHICS

ISOMETRIC PROJECTION
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ISOMETRIC PROJECTION

Isometric drawing is another way

of presenting designs/drawings
in three dimensions. The
example opposite has been
drawn with a 30 degree set
square. Designs are always
drawn at 30 degrees in isometric
projection.

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Isometric projection is a method

for visually representing three-
dimensional objects in two
dimensions in technical and
engineering drawings. It is
an axonometric projection in
which the three coordinate axes
appear equally foreshortened and the
angles between any two of them are
120 degrees.

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SCALE ADJUSTMENT IN ISOMETRIC VIEWS

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HOW TO MAKE AN ISOMETRIC DRAWING

Step 1
If the starting point is not given,
begin your drawing about 1” up
from the title block and 2/3’s
across the page from the left
margin

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 Step 2
6

• From the starting point,

draw lines 30 deg. to the
left, 30 deg. to the right,
and 90 deg. up with light
construction lines.

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 Step 3
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 Place the length

measurement on the
“30 deg. to the left”
line,
 the thickness
measurement on the
“30 deg. to the right”
line, and
 the height
measurement on the
“90 deg. up” line
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Step 4
 Erase excess lines
back to each
mark.

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Step 5
 Draw construction
lines 30 deg. to
the left and 30
deg. to the right
from the height
mark.

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Step 6
 Draw lines 90 deg.
up from both ends

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Step 7
 Erase excess
lines back to each
intersection.

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Step 8
 Draw construction
lines 30 deg. to
the left and 30
deg. to the right
from each end
until they intersect.
 Convert all
construction lines
to visible lines
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 Characteristics of isometric projections
Axes 1, 2 and 3 form The projection is isometric
All lines parallel to axes 1, 2 120º angles between (equal measures) because the
and 3 are isometric lines. one another. height of axis 1, the length of
axis 2 and the width of axis 3
are all proportionally reduced.

120º
2 3

The lines not parallel to The sides of the cube and all
axes 1, 2 and 3 are non- planes parallel to them are
isometric lines. isometric planes.
1

The isometric lines are

angled at 30º.
 Sketch from an actual object
STEPS
1. Positioning object.
2. Select isometric axis.
3. Sketch enclosing
box.
4. Add details.

5. Darken visible lines.

Note In isometric sketch/drawing), hidden lines are omitted

unless they are absolutely necessary to completely
describe the object.
 Circle & Arc in Isometric
Four-center method is usually used when drawn an
isometric ellipse with drawing instrument.

Sketching Steps
1. Locate the center of an ellipse.
2. Construct an isometric square.
3. Construct a perpendicular
bisector from each tangent point.

4. Locate the four centers.

5. Draw the arcs with these centers
and tangent to isometric square.
16 How to draw an ellipse composed of four arcs using a compass

1- Trace an isometric square.

2- Find the center of the
square using diagonals,
then trace the axis lines.

3- Finally, trace the median

lines. The meeting point of
the medians shows the
center of the four arcs of
the circle.

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Showing circles and arcs of circles in isometrics

Circles and arcs of circles on isometric

planes are shown in isometric projection
using ellipses within an isometric square.

The sides of the square are equal to the

diameter of the circle and each side of the
circle touches the square.

To draw a circle in isometric perspective

on the computer, use a modified circle
inserted into an isometric square.

To draw it as a sketch or with a compass,

draw four arcs of the circle in an isometric
square.
How to draw an object containing rounded parts

«Construction box»

ORTHOGRAPHIC MULTI-VIEW PROJECTION ISOMETRIC PROJECTION

19 EXAMPLE 6.1

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EXAMPLE 6.2

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EXAMPLE 6.3

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