Lecture 7

Exclusive-OR Gate, Exclusive-Nor Gate

 In this lecture we will cover the
following:
Truth Tables for Exclusive-OR
Today’s and Exclusive-NOR gates
Topics Symbols for Exclusive-OR gate
and Exclusive-NOR gates
NAND gate implementation of
Exclusive-OR
Properties of Exclusive-OR
Simplification of Algebraic
Expressions

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 Truth Tables for Exclusive-OR and Exclusive-NOR
The truth table for Exclusive-OR gates
gate is as shown:
This truth table shows that Exclusive-OR
gives 1 when either of the inputs is 1 and
gives 0 if both inputs are 0 or both are 1.
So, its expression is: a ⊕ b = a’b + ab’
The truth table for Exclusive-NOR gate is
as shown:
This truth table shows that Exclusive-NOR
gives 1 when both inputs are 0 or both inputs are 1.
So, its expression is: (a ⊕ b)’ = a’b’ + ab

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Symbols for Exclusive-OR and Exclusive-NOR gates
The symbols for Exclusive-OR and Exclusive-NOR gates are as follows:

Exclusive-NOR gate is sometimes referred to as Comparator.

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Properties of Exclusive-OR
Some useful properties of Exclusive-OR are:

Commutative

Associativity

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 Simplification of Algebraic Expressions
• If a Boolean function is given in one of the two standard forms: Sum of Minterms
or Product of Maxterms, the following rules are commonly used.

• If the function is stated in other than one of the standard forms, the
following properties are useful.

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Example 1
Simplify the function following functions:
f = xyz + x’y + x’y’
     Solution:
         

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 Example 2
f = wx + wxy + w’yz + w’y’z + w’xyz’
Solution:
f = wx + wxy + w’yz + w’y’z + w’xyz’
= wx.(1+y)+ w’z.(y+y’) + w’xyz’ (As 1+y =1 and y + y’=1)
= wx + w’z + w’xyz’ = wx + w’ (z + xyz’)
= wx + w’ (z + xy)(z + z’) (As z + z’ =1)
= wx + w’(z + xy)
= wx + w’z + w’xy = w’z + wx + w’xy
= w’z + x.(w + w’y) (As w + w’y = (w +w’)(w + y))
= w’z + x.(w + w’)(w + y) (As w +w’ = 1)
= w’z + x.(w + y) = w’z + wx + xy

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 Examples
• Simplify the function F = (x+y)(x+y+z’) + y’
Solution:
F = (x+y)(x+y+z’) + y’
= (x+y+0)(x+y+z’) + y’ [Or use P12b]
= (x+y+(0.z’)) + y’ = (x+y+0) + y’ = x + y + y’
=x+1=1

• Simplify the function F = (a+b’+c)(a’+b’+c)

Solution: