Lesson 1- Exploring the Internet

as a Productive Tool
 What is Internet?
• is a large network of computers found in a worldwide
scale.
• it offers a mass of information since millions of
computers are linked within a huge network.
• also called the Information Superhighway or
infobahn since information can travel back and forth
to all computers that are connected to the Internet
 History of the Internet
January 2, - started an experimental Computer Network
1969 - Concept: No server, but equal importance/participation to every computer in
the Network
- First ever instant message over ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects
Agency Network) was sent to the University of Los Angeles California.
-ARPANET arose from a desire to share information over great distances
without the need for dedicated phone connections between each computer on a
network.

1974 - the word “internet” was first used in print by the Defense Advanced Research
Project Agency (DARPA).
- DARPA responsible for catalyzing the development of technologies that
maintain and advance the capabilities and technical superiority of the U.S.
military.
1982 - The word internet started

1983 - the Domain Name System (DNS) was created wherein site names that
are usually only accessed by IP address now use actual words and end to
(.gov, .edu, or .mil)

1985 - the National Science Foundation (NSF) funded creation of

ARPANET’s largest improvement: the (NSFNET), five supercomputers
that served as highway for all data traffic.

1990 - Tim Berners-Lee created HTML, atext browser and graphical users
interface (GUI) browser.
- also came up with the term World Wide Web.
1991 -NSF (National Sanitation Foundation) initially made the internet available for
consumer.
- whose goal was to create standards for food safety and sanitation to promote
public health. Us government allowed business agencies to connect to internet

1994 -Amazon was launched by Jeff Bezos. Amazon today is one of the most
popular online shopping websites.

1995 -the NSF made the internet a completely self-sustaining industry. In this
year, Sun Microsystem made Java Available.

1998 - One of the most popular search engines today, Google opened.
 History of the Internet
2004- -the social media revolution began when facebook was created in
2005 December 2004, followed by YouTube which released the
following year.
2006 -”Cloud computing” was introduced by Google CEO Eric
Schmidt. “ The Cloud” became another synonym usedto refer to
the internet.

2007 - The internet is on the go through wireles connections. Mobile

and Smartphone technologies are rapidly increasing in popularity
because of its commercial appeal.
 Vinton Cerf
• Widely known as a “Father of
the Internet,” Cerf is the co-
designer of the TCP/IP
protocols and the architecture
of the Internet.
How to conncet to Internet?
Making Meaning
Get to know the important acronyms that can help you better understand lesson.

ARPANET Advanced Research Projects Agency Network

DARPA Defense Advanced ResearchProject Agency

DNS Domain Name System

NSF National Science Foundation

NSFNET The National Science Foundation Network

The World Wide
Web
 What is World Wide Web?
• is an information space where a collection of interlinked web pages
can be accessed via the internet.
• WWW allows millions of web pages to be accessed instantly with a
click of a button.
• an information system on the internet which allows documents to be
connected to other documents by hypertext links, enabling the user
to search for information by moving from one document to another.
• These web pages can include text, colors, sounds, pictures and
videos. Examples are wikipedia.org, google.com, and amazon.com.
The Internet connects the
entire globe.
 Three fundamental technologies
that serve as its foundation:
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)
• The markup or formatting language used to create pages on the
web.
• is the set of markup symbols or codes inserted into a file intended
for display on the Internet.
• HTML links are hyperlinks. You can click on a link and jump to
another document.
• For example, content could be structured within a set of paragraphs,
a list of bulleted points, or using images and data tables.
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
• is a type of communcations protocol.
• It used to send and receive web pages on the Internet and the
foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web.
• is a method for encoding and transporting information
between a client (such as a web browser) and a web server.
HTTP is the primary protocol for transmission of information
across the Internet.
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
• is a kind of “web address” that is unique and is used
to identify resources on the web.
• URL can be found in the address bar at the top of the
web page.
• it is an example of a URL
• http://www.microsoft.com
URL consists of three basic parts:
1. Protocol- instructs how a webbrowser should
communicate when sending and receiving web pages
and other files with a web server.
2. Domain Name- identifies the organization that is
directly responsible for th information. It is the web
page that you are searching.
3. Resource Path
• is the name of the file of the web page and any
directories or sub directories under which it is
stored on a specified server or computer.
• identifies the specific resource in the host that
the web client wants to access.
• Example 1: https://websitebuilders.com
• Example 2: https://www.facebook.com/Learn-the-
Net-330002341216/
• Example 3:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet#Terminolog
y
Example of URL

http:// www.example.com index.html

DOMAIN RESOURCE
PROTOCOL
NAME PATH
URL could have the form
http://www.example.com/index.html ,
• which indicates a protocol ( http ),
• a hostname ( www.example.com ),
• and a file name ( index. html ).
THANK YOU