UNIT 1

Southeast Asian Music

 Southeast Asian Music
Music has been an integral part of
people’s lives.
It plays a prominent role in life
cycle events related to ceremonies
that are connected with birth,
marriage intiations, death and
religion, the state, family affairs, or
community festivals and events in
agricultural cycle such as planting
and harvesting and about work.
Indonesian Gamelan
Lesson 1
 Gamelan
• the term for a traditional musical
ensemble in Indonesia, typically
refers to a percussion orchestra
composed predominantly of tuned
gongs of various types and metal-
keyed instruments.
• The ensemble is conducted by a
drummer, and often includes
voice, bamboo flute, xylophone,
and stringed instruments.
• is the indigenous orchestra type
of the Java and Bali in Indonesia
 Javanese Gamelan
• is often performed during
sacred rituals and ceremonies
• there is a preferenced for a
mellow-sound, produced by
thickly padded hammer
• the ensembles is composed of
time-marking instruments,
melodic instruments and
elaborating instruments.
 Parts of Javanese Gamelan
1. Bonang- these are knobbed gongs placed
in ropes that are attached to a wooden frame.
These horizontal gongs are played with two
padded stcks.

2. Saron panerus (also called saron

peking), Saron barung and Saron
demung- A saron is a bronze metallophone
placed over a box resonator played with a
mallet called tabuh.

3. Slenthem- An instrument made of thin

bronze keys of fine alloy that plays the
melody of another line. It using only one
stick.

4. Gambang- This is a xylophone made out

of wood. It is played by striking the wooden
keys with padded sticks.
5. Gong ageng, Gong suwuk and kempul-
These are hanging gongs that play division of
line and sections.

6. Kendhang- These are double-headed

drums used to signal the ensemble through
rhythm.

7. Ketuk and Kempyang- These are

horizontal gongs that play a “thuk” and
“pang” sound in alternation.

8. Rebab- This is a two stringed lute usually

used to perform the melody.

9. Suling- This is a vertical flute which is

used to performed the melody.

10. Celempung- This is a zither used to

embelish the melody of gamelan.
 Balinese Gamelan
Bali’s culture is influenced by communities. A
lively, dynamic, and more popular sound has been
developed. The Balinese Gamelan took a different way
in development.
Composed of a combination of metallophones,
xylophones, drums, gongs, and sometimes flutes, the
Balinese can compose and play magnificent tunes to
suit the need of the occasion.
 Parts of Balinese Gamelan
1. Ugal- is a bronze metallophone that
are suspended over tuned bamboo
resonators. Ugal has a range of two
octaves, and is played with a wooden
mallet. It is an octave lower
2. Jegogan- instruments that are larger
than gangsa. It plays the lowest notes
in ensemble.

3. Jublag- also called calung, is a

gangsa metallophone that also pays
the melody.

4. Kantil- is the smallest in the gangsa.

It can play the melody or an
interlocking pattern called kotekan.
5. Pemade- Lower pitch gangsa used in
Balinese gamelan. similar to kantil, is a
10-key metallophone in the gangsa. It
supports the main melody and plays
interlocking parts called kotekan.

6. Reyong- is a row of 12 gongs or

kettles mounted on a frame, and is
played by four players. It plays the
interlocking parts kotekan and also
marks the music by the patterns it plays.

7. Gongs- consist of two larger hanging

gongs.

8. Kendhang- are two drum pairs.

Kendang is a double-headed barrel
drum from Indonesia.
9. Kempli- is a small horizontal gong that
keeps time.

10. Ceng- ceng- consist of four to five

horizontally mounted cymbals.

11. Trompong- are ten small gongs that

play an ornamentation of the melody.
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