LINES

(Crosshatching technique to simulate

3-dimensional effects and visual
texture)
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
The student will be able to:
● Define lines through the drawing of archeological artifacts, houses,
buildings, and churches from historical periods using cross-hatching
techniques.
What are the events, practices, and
culture that were brought by the
early traders in our country?

The Chinese brought their customs and

Our country’s location in Asia is good for
practices of respect for elders, arranged
business. Chinese, Indian, and Mexican
marriage, wearing of white clothes in
merchants passed by many areas in Luzon,
mourning for the dead, and use of fireworks
Visayas, and Mindanao where they can trade
in various festivals. They influence also our
their goods with the native Filipinos. The
taste in eating Chinese food. Thus, our
native Filipinos learned a lot of things from
practices of food preparation and cooking
foreign merchants and silk traders. The
are also affected. The use of earthen pan and
ancient businessman who was riding in a big
pot, iron, and the aluminum kettle was
boat called galleons brought goods like pots,
introduced. Filipinos learned the art of pot
jars, glasses, silk cloth, and a lot more to
making to improve the quality of food.
exchange them with local goods.
Jars were also made by ancient Filipinos as
the burial container of their dead. The famous
Manunggul in palawan is a proof of the
ancient Filipinos’s refined craftmanship in jar
making.
Our way of clothing was also affected by
foreign traders. Ancient Filipinos adapted the
wearing of cotton and silk because both are
good for our country’s hot weather.
The Indians had an influence on our language
and practices on wearing gold accessories.
The Hindu words guro for teacher and aya for
nurse are some of these influences.
 What are the significant parts of the different architectural designs
and artifacts found in many Filipinos communities?
Building Style Materials Architectural Designs
Bahay-kubo Nipa, cogon, grasses, • Roofs are steeped
bamboo, coconut tree • Doors and windows are wide
• Windows can be folded and opened
with a wooden support

Torogan Hard and Durable • With huge, Strong, and long post
materials • Has soaring and ornamental roofs
• Elaborate shapes are carved on its
beams and columns
• “Royal structure”

Bahay na bato Hard and durable • Arched doors and windows

materials • Some of the elements of bahay na
Cut out rocks, Huge bato are not suitable for our
stone, limes, refined country’s weather conditions but
hardwood, Capiz or Filipino’s learned to admire it
shelled windowed, roof because of its durability
tiles.
Simbahan Cutout rocks, huge stones, refined • Baroque style of structure
hard wood, Capiz or shelled • Roof beams are supported by
windows, roof tiles walls and steeped supports.
• Arched doors and windows

Carcel Cutout rocks, huge stones, refined • Roof beams are supported by
hard wood, Capiz or shelled walls and steeped supports.
windows, roof tiles • Too enclosed interiors, minimal
ventilation

Gabaldon school houses Heritage school houses built in the • Open and roofed porch
Philippines during the American
regime.

Gymnasium and musical hall Hard and durable materials • Built by the Americans in 1920s
when they introduced vaudeville. It
is entertainment made up of
unrelated acts by comedians,
singers, dancers, jugglers, and
many more.
• Huge and well-ventilated
WHAT IS CROSS-HATCHING?
● Cross-hatching is a method of line drawing that describes light and shadow.
The white or openness of the page shows the light shown on the area. The
crossed lines are the shadows of the objects. These shadows are created by
the density of the crossed lines.
● Cross lines could also show curves and movement as seen in the drawing of
the building.