A

Presentation
on

“Reuse Of Plastic Waste With GGBFS In Paver Blocks”

PRESENTED BY
Prajakta Popat Karvekar
Aishwarya Sambhaji Kenjale
Sayali Vasant Sabale
Anmol Ashikkumar Metkari

Mayur Bhagwan Thorat

Under the Guidance of
Prof. H. M. Kumbhar.
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGG.

AGTI’s Dr. Daulatrao Aher College of Engineering, Karad

 CONTENT
 Relevance
 Literature Review
 Problem identification
 objective
 Proposed work
 Expected outcomes
 References
 RELEVANCE
 Plastic waste which is increasing day by day becomes eyesore and in turn
pollutes the environment
These waste plastics are to be effectively utilized High-density polyethylene
(HDPE) and polyethylene (PE) bags
To control pollution and to reduce the overall cost of construction, plastic
paver blocks is one of the best ways to avoid the accumulation of plastic
waste which is an on-degradable pollutant
The aim of this project is to replace cement with plastic waste in paver block
and to reduce the cost of paver block when compared to that of convention
concrete paver blocks
 LITERATURE REVIEW

 In the research paper by B. Shanmugavalli and K. Gowtham “Reuse of

Plastic Waste In Paver Blocks” the methods of utilization of waste plastic
and various tests are to be taken in paver block are studied.
R. Mahadevi, S. Abirami, P. Jananipriya, J. Karunya and M.Sakthipriya by
“AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON CONCRETE PAVER
BLOCK BY USING PVC PLASTIC MATERIAL” This paper study on
Frictional resistance, skid resistance, flexibility and im-permeability are to
be ensured for paver to give better stability ,the use of plastic in concrete
without any admixtures and compares the performance with conventional
concrete.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

 In the research paper by Dinesh. A. and Kirubakaran. K.” UTILISATION

OF WASTE PLASTIC IN MANUFACTURING OF BRICKS AND
PAVER BLOCK, provides general guideline regarding components,
properties requires for material to produce paver block ,various methods
to finding strength ,efficiency and various tests to finding the life of paver
block are defined.
In the research paper by Shweta N. Rokdey P. L. Naktode M. R. Nikhar
“Use of Plastic Waste in Road Construction” In this paper the we have
study of some of plastic waste materials which we can reuse by certain
processing and use in road construction.
 PROBLEM IDENTIFICATION

 Plastic can release harmful chemicals into the surrounding soil or other
surrounding water sources and also the ecosystem to the safety of our
environment
 A presenting new paver block having low strength as well as lower efficiency.
So low cost more efficiency and strength paver block is needed to better
performance.
 We have to stop use of plastic but it is not possible because of many company
products need to plastic for packing purpose.
To reuse and overcome the plastic we have to produce a plastic paver block to
reduce pollution of environment.
 PROBLEM
IDENTIFICATION
 GGBFS (Ground granulated blast furnace slag)

• GGBFS (Ground granulated blast furnace slag)

• It is waste from metal industry. It is not a mineral admixture it is hydraulic
type of cement. The mechanical properties of concrete made with ground
granulated blast furnace slag(GGBFS) subjected to temperatures up to 350 _C.
For this purpose, normal concrete having compressive strength of 34 MPa was
designed using GGBFS as partial replacement of cement.
 OBJECTIVE & SCOPE OF PROJECT

Recycling the plastic and using as a construction material.

Establishing the industries.
Increasing concreate strength by adding other material.
The utilization of waste plastic in production of plastic paver block.
 PROPOSED WORK
Phase I: Study of various configuration plastic paver block using
various Handbooks, Technical papers, etc. Study of existing plastic
paver blocks list of advantages and limitation of existing design.
Phase II: Components used to made paver block like plastic,
cement etc. will be studied.
Phase III: We are making the synopsis. By considering in future
development and scope importance.
 PROPOSED WORK
Phase IV: Collect the waste plastic bags and sorted out and
remaining are disposed safely and plastics are burned out by
using stones and firewood.
Phase V: In this phase various operation are performed such
as, weighing, mixing the cement and sand with plastic, drying
and curing blocks.
Phase VI: Testing and trial to derive performance
characteristic of paver block for different placement and
orientation .
 MOTIVATION FOR WORK

Plastic waste which is increasing day by day becomes eyesore and in turn
pollutes the environment
Plastic can release harmful chemicals into the surrounding soil or other
surrounding water sources and also the ecosystem to the safety of our
environment
We have to stop use of plastic but it is not possible because of many
company products need to plastic for packing purpose.
To reuse and overcome the plastic we have to produce a plastic paver
block to reduce pollution of environment
 STUDY AIM

• The aim of this project is to replace cement with plastic waste in paver
block and to reduce the cost of paver block
• In this project the study of some of plastic waste materials which we can
reuse by certain processing and use in road construction
• creating awareness amongst the learner in the industry regarding waste
material.
• reducing plastic waste in a useful way
 WHY USE OF PLASTIC

• Durable & corrosion resistant.

• Good insulation for cold, heat & sound saving energy and reducing noise
pollution.
• It is economical and has a longer life.
• Maintenance free.
• Hygienic & problems.
• Ease of processing/ installation.
• Light weight.
 PLASTIC WASTE MANAGEMENT

Conventional Technology:
• Recycling
• Incineration
• Land filling  
New Technology:
• Plasma Pyrolysis Technology
• Liquid Fuel
• Polymer Blended Bitumen Roads
• Co-processing in Cement Kiln
 OBJECTIVE

• To prepare various proportions of polymer modified paver blocks using

recycled PET.
• To determine water absorption content of polymer modified paver blocks.
• To determine the engineering property (compressive strength) of samples
of prepared polymer modified paver blocks.
 MATERIAL COLLECTION AND
PREPARATIONS
• Collection of granulated waste
plastics mostly soda bottles.
• Preparation of materials by
cleaning them of impurities.
 SEPARATION

• Plastic waste collected from

various sources must be separated
from other waste.
• Maximum thickness is 60
microns.
• Sorting can occur manually.
 CLEANING PROCESS

• The cleaning method has two

kinds of manual cleaning and
mechanical cleaning.
• In This Plastic wastes get cleaned
and dried Waste.
 SHREDDING PROCESS

• In the process, large plastic items

are fed into the shredder.
• A plastic shredder is a machine
used to cut plastic into smaller
pieces for granulation.
 TEST ON MATERIALS

• TEST ON GGBFS
1) Determination of fineness by dry sieving
2) Standard Consistency Test
• TEST ON FINE AGGREGATE
1) Sieve Analysis
3) Specific gravity test
 TEST ON PAVER BLOCK
• Compressive Strength Test
• Impact Resistance Test
• Water Absorption Test
• Efflorescence Test
 COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH TEST

The cubes were filled with fresh

concrete in two layers and each layer
was tamped 25 times with a tamping
rod.
Test carried at the end of the 7 and 28
days of curing.
The compressive strength of any mix
was taken as the average strength of
three cubes.
 IMPACT RESISTANCE TEST

Dropping a rod weighing 49 N (11 lb.) in

a tube with a height of 460 mm (18.1
inch) repeatedly on a 48 mm diameter (2
inch) hardened steel ball, which is placed
on the top of the centre of the cylindrical
specimen (disc).
Special impact machine was designed and
fabricated using local materials adopting
the 30 technique of drop weight impact
test
 WATER ABSORPTION TEST:
The test specimens were completely
immersed in water for 24 hours. Then
the specimen is taken out from the water
and allowed them to drain for 1 minute.
Then the specimens were wiped off and
weighed immediately and weight of
each specimen was noted.
Then these specimens were dried in a
ventilated oven at 107±70C for 24
hours.
 EFFLORESCENCE TEST
To find out the presence of alkalis in
bricks this test is performed.
 In this test a brick is immersed in
fresh water for 24 hours and then it's
taken out from water and allowed to
dry in shade.
The plastic sand brick has low alkali
content and so a little white patch is
formed over the surface
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
Mix Proportion:
PT – 1 50% VSI & 50% Plastic crush
(Above proportion is done by trial and error based )
Sr. No. Material Mix proportion Weight

1 GGBFS 1 0.5 kg

2 VSI 2 1 kg

3 Plastic Crush 2 1 kg

4 Water binder ratio 0.3 150 ml

PT – 1 Weight Percentage
 PT – 2:- 100% VSI
(Above proportion is done by trail and error
based )

Sr. No. Material Mix proportion Weight

1 GGBFS 1 0.5 kg

2 VSI 4 2 kg

3 Plastic Crush 0 0 kg

4 Water binder ratio 0.3 150 ml

PT – 2 Weight Percentage
 PT – 3:- 100% PLASTIC CRUSH
(ABOVE PROPORTION IS DONE BY TRIAL AND ERROR
BASED)
Sr. Material Mix Weight
No. proportion
1 GGBFS 1 0.5 kg
2 VSI 0 0 kg
3 Plastic Crush 4 2 kg
4 Water binder ratio 0.3 150. 
PT – 3 Weight Percentage
SIEVE ANALYSIS ON ARTIFICIAL SAND
Cumulative %
Percentage Passing
IS Sieve Size Mass Retained
Weight Passing
 
4.75 mm 61 6.10% 6.10%
2.36 mm 139 13.90% 20.00%
1.18 mm 295 29.50% 49.50%
600 mic 97 9.70% 59.20%
300 mic 181 18.10% 77.30%
150 mic 127 12.70% 90.00%
75 mic 49 4.90% 94.90%
Residue 51 5.10% 100.00%
PROPERTIES OF ALL IN AGGREGATES
TESTED IN THE LABORATORY
Sr. No Characteristic Artificial Plastic
property
sand Crush

1 Fineness modulus 2.77% 3.005%

2 Silt content 8.65% 6.57%

3 Specific gravity 2.65 2.96
4 Surface absorption 0.78% 0.90%
 Natural sand Rate Artificial sand Rate
Month & Year
Economical Analysis on per brass in Rs per brass in Rs
VSI Sand With April 2018 6000/- 3000/-
compare to natural May 2018 6000/- 3000/-
sand June 2018 7000/- 3000/-
July 2018 7000/- 3000/-
August 2018 7000/- 3200/-
September 2018 7000/- 3200/-
October 2018 7000/- 3200/-
November 2018 7500/- 3500/-
December 2018 7500/- 3500/-
January 2019 9000/- 3500/-
February 2019 9000/- 4000/-
March 2019 11000/- 4000/-
 RATE ANALYSIS
1)Rate analysis on Plastic crush

Sr. No. Purpose Amount

1 Crushing 200
2 Labours 300
3 Transportation 350
4 Heating for solid objects 150
2) Rate analysis on PT – 1

Sr. No. Material Quantity Cost/kg Total cost

1. GGBFS 0.5 2.8 2.8

2. Plastic crush 2 2.02 4.04

3. Plastic crush 0 0 0

Total cost – 6.84 Rs/block

3) Rate analysis on PT – 2

Sr. No. Material Quantity Cost/kg Total cost

1. GGBFS 0.5 2.8 2.8

2. Plastic crush 1 2.02 2.02

3. Plastic crush 1 0.51 0.51

Total cost – 5.33 Rs/block

4) Rate analysis on PT – 3

Sr. No. Material Quantity Cost/kg Total cost

1. GGBFS 0.5 2.8 2.8

2. Plastic crush 0 0 0

3. Plastic crush 2 0.51 1.02

Total cost – 3.88 Rs/block

Compressive strengths of mortar Blocks at 3rd , 7th , 14th and 28th days
for pilot testing phase – I (Average of 3 cube each day)

3 day 7 day 14 day 28 day

Sr. No Batch Strength in Strength in Strength in Strength in
MPa MPa MPa MPa

1 PT 1 7.65 12.19 15.76 16.80

2 PT 2 6.60 10.88 12.13 16.00

3 PT 3 8.50 13 15.30 16.50

 Compressive Strength of Paver Block
 
 CONCLUSION
The utilization of waste plastic in production of paver block has productive way of disposal
of plastic waste.
 The cost of paver block is reduced when compared to that of concrete paver block.
Paver block made using plastic waste, aggregate and GGBS have shown better result.
It also shows good heat resistance also reduces the unit weight of concrete.
It can be used in Non-traffic and light traffic road.
The compressive strength of modified paver block are as equal as conventional block.
By using the plastics in paver block, reduces the weight up to 15%.
 Lastly the strongly conclude the use of recycled plastics in paver block is the best option
for the disposal of plastic and ultimately reduces plastic pollution in the environment.
 RECOMENDATIONS

The use of plastic in concrete is a new technology on which a lot of research is required.
To increase the use agglomerated HDPE was plastics in landscape construction, the
following measures should be taken
 Reduction of the price on plastics products so that more savings on cost of construction are
achieved
 More organizations of events such as exhibitions, housing expos and seminars by the
government that advocate for use of recycled plastics for construction.
More sensitization of the public on this mode of construction through the TV, newspapers,
social media, seminars the government should pass a broad policy that advocates the use of
recycled waste plastics in construction projects mainly on section of landscape construction.
 ADVANTAGES
Strength of the road increased.
Better resistance to water & water stagnation.
 No stripping & have no potholes.
Increased binding & better bonding of the mix.
Better soundness property.
Maintenance cost of the road is almost nil.
No effect of radiation like UV
 DIS-ADVANTAGES
Cleaning process -Toxic present in the co-mingled plastic waste start
leaching.
 During the road laying process- the presence of chlorine will definitely
release noxious gas.
 REFERENCES
• Gopu Mohan.C, Jikku Mathew, Jithin Ninan Kurian, John Thomas Moolayil,“FABRICATION OF PLASTIC BRICK
MANUFACTURING MACHINE AND BRICK ANALYSIS” International Journal of Innovative Research in Science and
Technology, ISSN (online) 2349-6010, Volume 2, Issue 11th April 2016,.
• [2] Dinesh.S, Dinesh.A, Kirubakaran.K, “UTILISATION OF WASTE PLASTIC IN MANUFACTURING OF BRICKS AND
PAVER BLOCKS’’ International Journal of Applied Engineering Research, ISSN 0973-4562, Volume 1, 2016.
• [3] Nivetha c, Rubiya M, Shobana S, Vaijayanthi R, G.Viswanathan and R.Vasanthi, “Production of plastic paver block from
the solid waste ( Quarry dust, flyash and PET)”, ARPN Journal of Engineering and Applied Science, Vol.11, No.2, (2016)
• [4] Dibya Jivan Pati, Riken Homma, Kazuhisaikt, “PLASTIC BOTTLES MASONRY AS ALTERNATE SOLUTION TO
HOUSING PROBLEMS IN URBAN AREA OF INDIA” International Journal of Architecture Planning and Building
Engineering, ISSN 2455-5045, Volume 2,Issued 2nd April 2015.
• [5] Joel Santhosh. Ravikant Talluri. (2015). Manufacture of Interlocking Concrete Paving Blocks with Fly Ash and Glass
Powder. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology, 6(4), 55-64.
• [6] Maneeth.P.D, Pramod.K, Kishore Kumar, Shanmukha Shetty, “UTILISATION OF WASTE PLASTIC IN
MANUFACTURING OF PLASTIC-SOIL BRICKS’’International Journal of Engineering Research and Technology (IJERT),
Volume 3, ISSN 2278-0181, Issued 8th August 2014.
THANK YOU