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  • Echinococcus

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    Ihtisham Ul Haq
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    Echinococcus granulosus, the dog tapeworm, causes hydatid cyst disease in humans. It has a life cycle involving dogs as the definitive host and sheep as the intermediate host. Humans are usually dead-end intermediate hosts. When eggs are ingested by sheep or humans, the embryos develop into fluid-filled hydatid cysts in organs like the liver and lungs. The cysts can cause pressure on surrounding tissues and symptoms depending on their location. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of cyst contents, serology tests, and imaging like CT scans.

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    Echinococcus granulosus, the dog tapeworm, causes hydatid cyst disease in humans. It has a life cycle involving dogs as the definitive host and sheep as the intermediate host. Humans are usually dead-end intermediate hosts. When eggs are ingested by sheep or humans, the embryos develop into fluid-filled hydatid cysts in organs like the liver and lungs. The cysts can cause pressure on surrounding tissues and symptoms depending on their location. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of cyst contents, serology tests, and imaging like CT scans.

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    23 views9 pages

    Echinococcus

    Uploaded by

    Ihtisham Ul Haq
    Echinococcus granulosus, the dog tapeworm, causes hydatid cyst disease in humans. It has a life cycle involving dogs as the definitive host and sheep as the intermediate host. Humans are usually dead-end intermediate hosts. When eggs are ingested by sheep or humans, the embryos develop into fluid-filled hydatid cysts in organs like the liver and lungs. The cysts can cause pressure on surrounding tissues and symptoms depending on their location. Diagnosis involves microscopic examination of cyst contents, serology tests, and imaging like CT scans.

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    ECHINOCOCCUS

    Aman Ullah
    B.Sc. MLT
    PhD. Microbiology
    Certificate of Health Professions Education
    Introduction
    • Echinococcus granulosus (dog tapeworm) causes
    echinococcosis
    • E. granulosus causes unilocular hydatid cyst
    disease
    • E.multilocularis cause multilocular hydatid cyst
    disease which is a minor pathogen
    Important Properties
    • E.granulosus is composed of a scolex and only three
    proglottids, making it one of the smallest tapeworms (2-
    7mm)
    • Dogs are the most important definitive hosts
    • The intermediate hosts are usually sheep
    • Humans are almost always dead-end intermediate hosts
    Life Cycle
    • Inthe typical life cycle, worms in the dog's intestine liberate
    thousands of eggs, which are ingested by sheep (or humans)
    • Theoncosphere embryos emerge in the small intestine and migrate
    primarily to the liver but also to the lungs, bones, and brain
    • Theembryos develop into large fluid-filled hydatid cysts, the inner
    germinal layer of which generates many protoscoleces within
    "brood capsules."
    • Thelife cycle is completed when the entrails (e.g., liver containing
    hydatid cysts) of slaughtered sheep are eaten by dogs
    5
    Pathogenesis
    • E. granulosus usually forms one large fluid-filled cyst
    (unilocular) that contains thousands of individual scoleces as
    well as many daughter cysts within the large cyst
    • Individual scoleces lying at the bottom of the large cyst are
    called "hydatid sand." The cyst acts as a space-occupying lesion,
    putting pressure on adjacent tissue
    • The outer layer of the cyst is thick, fibrous tissue produced by
    the host
    Clinical Findings
    • Many individuals with hydatid cysts are asymptomatic
    • But liver cysts may cause hepatic dysfunction
    • Cystsin the lungs can erode into a bronchus, causing
    bloody sputum
    • Cerebral cysts can cause headache and focal neurologic
    signs
    Laboratory Diagnosis
    • Diagnosis is based either on microscopic examination
    demonstrating the presence of brood capsules
    containing multiple protoscoleces
    • Serologic tests
    • Radiological scan like CT scan
    Questions/Suggestions
    khurramthalwi@hotmail.com

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