Swine Production

and Management
AnSc 112
Introduction to Swine Production
hog raising is a lucrative enterprise and are a very prominent
business throughout the world.
Among livestock, pigs are the only species reared exclusively
for meat purpose
It’s unique ability to efficiently convert swill (waste food),
tankage, (slaughter waste) and agricultural by-products into
food source of high quality animal protein and other nutrients,
make it the species of choice for the most profitable livestock
enterprise and for alleviating malnutrition among people who
lives below the poverty line.
 there were about 778.64 million pigs worldwide as of April 2022
In April 2023, China boasted the highest pig population
worldwide, exceeding 450 million heads
 the European Union and United States were second and third
in the list, with over 134 and 74 million heads respectively.
Overview of the Philippine Swine Industry
 The volume of hog production from April to June 2023 was recorded at 422.72
thousand metric tons, liveweight.
 Central Visayas was the top produce of hog with 54.44 thousand metric
tons, liveweight or 12.9 percent share to the total hog production during the
period.

Following Central Visayas;

• CALABARZON with 53.84 thousand metric tons;
• Northern Mindanao with 50.98 thousand metric tons;
• Central Luzon with 42.35 thousand metric tons; and
• Western Visayas with 42.03 thousand metric tons.
 As of 30 June 2023, the country’s total swine inventory was estimated at 10.07 million heads. This was 1.4
percent higher than the previous year’s same period count of 9.94 million heads.

 CALABARZON recorded the highest swine population of 1.30 million heads as of 30 June 2023. This was
followed by Central Visayas and Northern Mindanao with 1.17 million heads and 1.12 million heads,
respectively.
Zoological Classification of Swine
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Vertebrata
Sub Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Sub Class: Eutheria
Order: Ungulata (Hoofed Mammals)
Sub Order: Artiodactyla (Even-toed Mammals)
Family: Suidae
Genus: Sus
Species: Sus scrofa (Linne)
Sus vittatus (Muller et. Schlegel)
Sus cristatus (Wagner)
Sus leucomystax (temmiad)
Sus celebensis (Muller et. Schlegel)
Sus verrucosus (Muller et. Schlegel)
Sus barbatus (Muller
 Glossary of Pig Farming
Barrow – a young castrated male pig before puberty; a pig castrated before the secondary sex characteristics have developed.
Boar – male pig of any age, an uncastrated adult male pig, whether used for meat production or breeding purposes
Farrow - To give birth; Litter—a group of pigs born in one farrowing
Farrowing- the act of parturition in pigs/process of giving birth
Gilt – a young female pig between the weaning stages or under one year of age and usually one that has not yet given birth. It
also applied to female pigs kept for meat production
Litter size—the number of young pigs born in one farrowing
Market hog - a gilt or barrow weighing between 240 and 270 pounds and ready for processing.
Piglet or Shoat – a young pig, usually from birth until weaning age.
Porcine – adjective referring to pigs.
Runt - an unusually small and weak piglet, often one in a litter
Shote — a young pig of either sex, weighing approximately 60 kg.
Stag - male pig castrated later in life; a male pig castrated after sexual maturity.
Sucker/Suckling - a pig between birth and weaning.
Weanling — young pigs separated from the sow, about five weeks old