WEEK 2-PARABOLA

LOUISE DAIZ P. LOPEZ

MASTER TEACHER I
LET US INVOKE GOD’S PRESENCE
OBJECTIVES:

• At the end of the lesson learners are expected to:

•  Identify the parts of parabola.
•  Enumerate the properties of the parabola.
•  Graph parabola.
WHAT’S IN
• Direction. Identify what is asked in each statement

Parabola
_______________ 1. Conics formed when the plane cuts the cone parallel to a
plane tangent to the cone or when the plane intersects only one cone to form
an unbounded curve.
(-1,-3)
• _______________ 2. The vertex of the parabola
(𝑦 + 3) 2 = 8(𝑥 + 1).
Upward
• _______________ 3. The opening quadratic equation
𝑥 2 − 𝑥 − 12 = 0
WHAT IS A PARABOLA?

A parabola is a conics formed when the cutting plane is

parallel to a plane tangent to the cone.

It is the set of all points in a plane which are equidistant from

a fixed point and a fixed line of the plane. The fixed point is
called the focus and the fixed line is the directrix.
General Equation of the Parabola

𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑥𝑦 + 𝐷𝑥 + 𝐸𝑦 + 𝐹 = 0 where 𝐴 = 0 or 𝐵 = 0

Standard form depends on the vertex, focal length and the opening of
the parabola.
Standard form depends on the vertex, focal length and the opening of
the parabola.
Standard form depends on the vertex, focal length and the opening of
the parabola.
EQUATION VERTEX AXIS OF Opening of the FOCUS DIRECTRIX
SYMMETRY Parabola

Upward (h,k+p)

Downward (h,k-p)

y To the Right (h+p,k)

To the Left (h-p,k)

NOTE : (h,k) is the coordinates of the vertex while p is the focal length
IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT PROPERTIES OF THE GIVEN PARABOLA BELOW.
Properties Note :
The
Focus (-2,2) distance
Equation of the directrix x=-6 betwee
n the
Opening of the Parabola To the Right focus
Axis of Symmetry y=2 and the
vertex is
Focal Length (p) 2 units equal to
Length of the Latus 8 units the
Rectum (4p) perpend
Endpoints of the Latus (-4,6) and (-4,-2) icular
Rectum distance
Vertex (-4,2) of the
directrix
Equation of the Parabola ( and the
vertex.

We use (
((
IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT PROPERTIES OF THE GIVEN PARABOLA BELOW.
Properties Note :
The
Focus (5,-2) distance
Equation of the directrix y=0 or the x-axis betwee
n the
Opening of the Parabola Downward focus
Axis of Symmetry X=5 and the
vertex is
Focal Length (p) 1 unit equal to
Length of the Latus 4 units the
Rectum (4p) perpend
Endpoints of the Latus (3,-2) and (7,-2) icular
Rectum distance
Vertex (5,-1) of the
directrix
Equation of the Parabola ( and the
vertex.

We use (
((
IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT PROPERTIES OF THE GIVEN PARABOLA BELOW.
Properties Note :
The
Focus (0,3) distance
Equation of the directrix y=-3 betwee
n the
Opening of the Parabola Upward focus
Axis of Symmetry X=0 or the y-axis and the
vertex is
Focal Length (p) 3 units equal to
Length of the Latus 12 units the
Rectum (4p) perpend
Endpoints of the Latus (-6,3) and (6,3) icular
Rectum distance
Vertex (0,0) of the
directrix
Equation of the Parabola and the
vertex.

We use
GRAPHING PARABOLA AND IDENTIYING EQUATIONS OF THE PARABOLA
DIRECTION: SKETCH THE GRAPH OF THE PARABOLA AND
ENUMERATE SOME OF ITS PROPERTIES.
Given: V(3,-2) and directrix: y =-5
In this case, note that the given is the V(3,-2)
and the directrix is at y=-5. So, plot the vertex
and draw the directrix first.
Therefore from the vertex, move up 3 units to identify the
focus, so focus is at (3,1). So, the focal distance p = 3.
Now, we can draw the parabola, and it is opening upward.
Since the parabola opens upward, then we can use the
equation where (h,k) is the vertex and p as the focal length.

So, the equation is or

From the given, note that directrix should always be behind

the vertex of the parabola. So the focus must be above the
vertex. The perpendicular distance between the directrix
and the vertex must be equal to the distance between the
vertex and the focus. So from (3,-2), y=-5 is 3 units away.
Note: The axis of symmetry is the line that
divides the parabola passing through the vertex
and is perpendicular to the directrix. Here, the
axis of symmetry is a vertical line passing
through (3,-2). Hence the axis of symmetry is
x=3.

Note: Length of the Latus Rectum is 4p. Since

p=3, then its length is 12 units. Now, endpoints
of the Latus Rectum must be on the parabola
which passes through the focus. So, since
length of the Latus Rectum is 12 units, so from
the focus, you move 6 units to the right sand 6
units to the left to get the endpoints of the
Latus Rectum. Hence, we have (-3,1) and (9,1)
Vertex (3,-2)
To write the equation in general
Focus (3,1) form, we simply expand and simplify
the vertex form.

Directrix

Axis of Symmetry

Opening Upward

‘
Length of Latus Rectum 12 units

: (9,1)

Equation in Vertex Form

Equation in General Form

DIRECTION: SKETCH THE GRAPH OF THE PARABOLA AND
ENUMERATE SOME OF ITS PROPERTIES.
2. Given: V(-1,1) and the focus F(1,1)
In this case, note that the given is the V(-1,1)
and focus is at (1,1).
Therefore from the vertex, move up 2 units to the left to get
the directrix. In this case, the directrix is a vertical line with
equation x=-3.
Now, we can draw the parabola, and it is opening to the
right. Since the parabola opens to the right, then we can
use the equation where (h,k) is the vertex and p as the
focal length.

So, the equation is or

From the given, focus is at the right of the vertex, So bear

in mind that vertex is where the parabola opens, so the
parabola is opening to the right. The distance between the
vertex and the focus is 2 units. Hence p=2 (the focal length)
Note: The axis of symmetry is the line that
divides the parabola passing through the vertex
and is perpendicular to the directrix. Here, the
axis of symmetry is a horizontal line passing
through (-1,1). Hence the axis of symmetry is
y=1.

Note: Length of the Latus Rectum is 4p. Since

p=2, then its length is 8 units. Now, endpoints
of the Latus Rectum must be on the parabola
which passes through the focus. So, since
length of the Latus Rectum is 8 units, so from
the focus, you move 4 units upward and 4 units
downward to get the endpoints of the Latus
Rectum. Hence, we have (1,5) and (1,-3)
Vertex (-1,1)
To write the equation in general
Focus (1,1) form, we simply expand and simplify
the vertex form.

Directrix

Axis of Symmetry

Opening To the right

‘
Length of Latus Rectum 8 units

: (1,-3)

Equation in Vertex Form

Equation in General Form

Identify the vertex, focus , axis of symmetry and the directrix of the parabola
whose equation is
In this case, transform first the equation to vertex form to identify the vertex.
The given is quadratic in x

Put all terms with x together, isolating those without.

The next step is to complete the perfect square trinomial on the left side of the equation. To do it, half square the
numerical coefficient of the 1st degree term. Then add it to both sides of the equation.
+1 The numerical coefficient of the 1st degree term on the left side
is 2.So half-square of 2 is (
Express the Perfect Square Trinomial on the left as a square of a
binomial and combine similar terms at the right side.
Express the equation in the form of
 Vertex (-1,-2)

Focus (-1,-3)

4p=-4 Directrix y=-1

P=-1

Hence p is 1. Axis of Symmetry

Opening Downward

Length of Latus Rectum 4p = 4 (1) =4

ANSWER THE FOLLOWING

• Direction. Identify the term/s that will satisfy the statement.

• 1. It refers to the point of intersection of the parabola and the focal axis. (Vertex)

• 2. The focal distance of the parabola 𝑦 2 = 6𝑥. 4p = 6 so therefore p=

• 3. The vertex of the parabola (𝑦 − 2) 2 = −8(𝑥 + 4). V(-4,2)

• 4. The opening of the parabola defined by (𝑦 + 3) 2 = 8(𝑥 + 1). To the Right

• 5. The length of the latus rectum of the parabola with vertex at (0,0) and focus (-4,0).
• The distance between the focus and the vertex is 4 units. Hence, p = 4 so latus rectum is
4p=4(4)= 16 units.
LESSON 2: FORMING EQUATIONS OF A
PARABOLA WITH CERTAIN CONDITIONS
 Given : Focus and a directrix

Find the equation of the parabola given the following conditions.

1. Focus at ( 0 , 2/3 ) and directrix at

Solutions: Note that the vertex is the midpoint between the focus and
the directrix. Now get a point on the directrix that is collinear with (0,
2/3), we actually have (0,Using the midpoint formula (, ) so we get (0,0).
Hence, the vertex of the parabola is (0,0). Since the focus (0,2/3) is
found above the vertex, hence the parabola opens upward. Now to get
p, we get the distance from the vertex and the focus. The distance
between the two points is . Since the parabola opens upward, so the
equation is in the form . Thus, we get (x, so we have y.
SKETCH THE GRAPH OF THE PARABOLA WHICH OPENS UPWARD WITH
VERTEX AT ( 2 , 3 ) AND WITH POINT ( 10 , 7 ) AS THE COORDINATE OF ONE
ENDPOINT OF THE LATUS RECTUM. FIND ITS EQUATION IN GENERAL FORM.
SKETCH THE GRAPH OF THE PARABOLA WHICH OPENS UPWARD WITH
VERTEX AT ( 2 , 3 ) AND WITH POINT ( 10 , 7 ) AS THE COORDINATE OF
ONE ENDPOINT OF THE LATUS RECTUM. FIND ITS EQUATION IN
GENERAL FORM.
 Given : Vertex, a point and the axis of symmetry are given

Find the equation of a parabola whose vertex is at the point (2,-3), passing through (10,5) with axis of symmetry
parallel to the y-axis.

Since the parabola opens upward then the equation must be in the form of Although the vertex is already
given, the focal distance p is still unknown. So we have to solve for p first usingthe given vertex (2,-3) which
implies that h=2 and Since the parabola also passes though (10,5), so we have x=10 and y=5. Substituting it
to , we get

(Divide both sides by 32)

Using vertex ( and pwe can now substitute it to to , therefore the equation of the parabola is
 Given : Vertex, a point and the axis of symmetry are given

Find the equation of a parabola whose vertex is at the

point (2,-3), passing through (10,5) with axis of
symmetry parallel to the y-axis.
To be able to visualize the opening of the
parabola, it is important that the given properties
must be plotted in the cartesian plane.

Looking at the graph on the left, observe that the

vertex is at (2,-3). The point (10,5) Is a point
where the parabola passes through and vertical
line (the green one) is the axis of symmetry
following the condition of being parallel to the y-
axis. (Note: parallel lines are lines which do not
intersect). Hence in this case, in order to satisfy all
conditions, the parabola must be opening upward.
 Given : A directrix, axis of symmetry and latus rectum.

Find the equation of a parabola given the directrix x = 6, axis of symmetry y = -5 and latus rectum equal to 9.

Upon sketching the given properties on the plane,

notice that the directrix x=6 and the axis of symmetry
y=-5 intersect at the point (6,-5). Since the axis of
symmetry is a horizontal line, then the parabola is
either opening to the left or to the right, But since
the directrix Is always behind the parabola, so
therefore we can say that the parabola must really be
opening to the left. Hence, the equation is in the
form of .

Now, note that the latus rectum is given which is

equal to 9 therefore 4p=9. Solving for p, we get
p=9/4. Therefore, our focal length is 9/4 units. With
this information, we can now identify the vertex of
the parabola.
 Given : A directrix, axis of symmetry and latus rectum.

Find the equation of a parabola given the directrix x = 6, axis of symmetry y = -5 and latus rectum equal to 9.

So from (6,-5) , we move 9/4 units to the left to

locate the vertex. (always remember that the focal
length p is a the perpendicular distance from the
directrix and the vertex) . So, hence vertex is (

So with V() and p =sour equation will be

(
WORD PROBLEM
A parabolic arch has a span of 40 meters and has a height of 15 meters at
a distance of 10 meters from the center of the span.

a.What is the height of the parabolic arch?

b. What is the equation of the parabolic arch?

WORD PROBLEM

Please check the explanation on a video uploaded in

your google classroom.
JOURNAL NUMBER 1
1. The focus is a point which the parabola always focuses. How can one
identify the focus given its vertex.

2. At this point of your life, which aspect do you give more focus on?
Why?
Answer in a long bond paper (handwritten or computerized). Observe
margin with 1 in in four corners.
Rubrics for Checking:

Content (Grammar and explanation) – 20 points

Punctuality -10 points
Design - 10 points
Total - 40 points