CELL

PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

 OBJECTIVES;
• define cell;
• identify the parts and function of the
cell;
• give the importance of the cell in our
body;
CELL
 cell is the basic unit of life
 all organisms are made up of cell
 the smallest structural and functional unit of an
organism, typically microscopic and consisting of
cytoplasm and a nucleus enclosed in a membrane
FUNCTIONS OF
CELL
 they provide structure for the body, take in
nutrients from food, convert those nutrients
into energy and carry out specialized
functions.
• Most cells are very small; most are invisible
without using a microscope. Cells are covered
by a cell membrane and come in many
different shapes. The contents of a cell are
called the protoplasm.
CELL MEMBRANE
• flexible barrier that supports and
protects the cells while allowing them
to interact with their environment.
• It allows food to enter the cell and
wastes to exit it.
CELL DIVISION

• It refers to the division of

parent cell, given rise to a
daughter cells.
Why Do Cells Divide?
• Reproduction
• Growth and Development
(for an increase in size)
• Tissue Renewal
Types of Cell Division
• MITOSIS
Mitosis produces two identical, diploid daughter
cells
 Mitosis consist of five phases:
 Prophase
 Metaphase
 Anaphase
 Telophase
Prophase
•
first and longest phase of mitosis, the chromatin
condenses into chromosomes; the centrioles separate
and forms spindle that helps separate the chromosomes.
The nuclear membrane breaks down.
Metaphase
• chromosomes line up across the center of the
cell. Each chromosome is connected to a spindle
fiber at its centromere.
Anaphase
• sister chromatids separate into individual
chromosomes and are moved apart.
Telophase
• the chromosomes gather at opposite ends of the cell and
lose their distinct shapes; two nuclear membranes form.