Meeting : 5

Present Future

Form : Subject + shall / will + Verb 1

future
now

Positive /affirmative Interrogative

Ex. : - I shall/will come /go - Shall/ will I come ?
- He will come /go - Will he come ?
Negative Negative Interogative
- I shall/will not come /go - Shall I not come ?
- He will not come /go - Will he not come ?
Shall and Will in the 1stperson singular and plural
I/we shall  is the grammatically correct form :
I shall know tomorrow
I wonder if I shall see him .

I shall be there  merely states the fact

I will be there  intend to be there (decide to do )
I shall not / shan’t see him again  there will be no opportunity
for another meeting ,
I will not/won’t see him again  refuse to see him again

I’ll (I will ) used when some one offer or decide to do something

Ex. “My bag is very heavy” I’ll carry it for you .
- I’ll phone you tomorrow , OK ?
- I’m tired . I think I’ll go bed early tonight .
Shall and Will in the 1stperson singular and plural
I/we shall  is the grammatically correct form :
I shall know tomorrow
I wonder if I shall see him .

I shall be there  merely states the fact

I will be there  intend to be there (decide to do )
I shall not / shan’t see him again  there will be no opportunity
for another meeting ,
I will not/won’t see him again  refuse to see him again

I’ll (I will ) used when some one offer or decide to do something

Ex. “My bag is very heavy” I’ll carry it for you .
- I’ll phone you tomorrow , OK ?
- I’m tired . I think I’ll go bed early tonight .
Uses of the Future Tense
a. To express the speaker’s opinions, assumptions, speculations about the future .
These may be introduced by verbs : think, know, believe, doubt , suppose, assume,
expect, hope, be afrid, feel sure, wonder, I daresay, etc. Or accompanied by
adverbs such as probably, possibly, perhaps , surely etc. but be used without
them .
Ex. :(I’m sure) he’ll come back ; I supposed they’ll sell the house
(Perhaps) we’ll find them at the hotel ; They’ll (probably) wait for us .
b. Used for future habitual actions which we assumewill take place
Ex. : - Spring will come again ; Birds will build nests ;
- People will make plans
c. Used with clauses of conditions
Ex. : - If I drop this glass it will break
- When it gets warmer the snow will start to melt .
d. Verbs of senses, of emotion,thinking, possessing etc. normally express the
future by the future tense .
Ex. : - He’ll be here at six ; - They’ll know tonight ; - You’ll have time for tea.
e . To express intention , especially at the moment of decision .
Ex. In a shop when we decide to buy something we say : I’ll buy it
f. The Future Tense is used , chiefly in newspaper and news broadcasts, for
formal announcements of future plans . In conversations such statements
would normally be express by Present Continuous or Going to form .
Ex.: The president will open the Summit meeting tomorrow .
Australia’s Prime Minister will visit Indonesia next week .

GOING TO FORM
a. The going to form expresses the subject’s intention to perform a certain
future action. The intention is always premeditated and there is usually also
the idea that some preparations had already been made .
Actions expressed by the going to form are therefore usually considered
very likely to be performed . The going to can be used with or without a
time expression .
EX.: 1. I am going to meet Tom at the station at 6.0 .
2. He is going to be a dentist when he grows up
3. I’m going to think about it
4. Iam going to read you some of my poems .
no. 2 . When we wish to emphasize the subject’s intention
b. Going To form is also used to express the speaker’s feeling of certainty .
It is used in this sense without a definite time , but usually refers to the near future :
ex. : - That boy is going to be sick ; he looks quite green
- He is very ill ; I’m afraid he is going to die
- It’s going to rain ; look at those clouds
Future with Intention
Will + infinitive and the going to form
- I will call you
- I’m going to call you
Deferences :
a. The going to form always implies a premeditated intention , and often an
intetion + plan .
ex. : I have bought bricks and I’m going to build a garage .
b. Will + infinitive implies intention alone , and usually unpremeditated
If the intention is clearly unpremeditated , we must use Will :
ex. : ‘There is somebody at the hall door. ’ ‘I’ll go and open it .‘
c. Going to refers to the fairly immediate future
will can refer either immediate or to more remote future .
. The Future Tense is used , chiefly in newspaper and news broadcasts, for
formal announcements of future plans . In conversations such statements
would normally be express by Present Continuous or Going to form .
Ex.: The president will open the Summit meeting tomorrow .
Australia’s Prime Minister will visit Indonesia next week .

GOING TO FORM
a. The going to form expresses the subject’s intention to perform a certain
future action. The intention is always premeditated and there is usually
also the idea that some preparations had already been made .
Actions expressed by the going to form are therefore usually considered
very likely to be performed . The going to can be used with or without a
time expression .
EX.: 1. I am going to meet Tom at the station at 6.0 .
2. He is going to be a dentist when he grows up
3. I’m going to think about it
4. Iam going to read you some of my poems .
no. 2 . When we wish to emphasize the subject’s intention