Module 2.

3:
Roles and
Responsibilities
PBI 1082: English for
Occupational Purposes
Semester 1 2020/2021
OVERVIEW
 Members and Responsibilities
 Types of Leadership
 Reaching for a Consensus
 Practice
 Introduction
Effective meetings only happen
when the expectations of all who
attend are clear.
 Effectivemeetings only happen when everyone is made
clear of the expectation
 Participants must understand their roles and
responsibilities in the meeting process
Members & Responsibilities

 Meeting Chairperson
 Plan and coordinate the meeting in line with an
agreed meeting
 process
 Manage the meeting process
 Facilitate the meeting
 Contribute to the meeting
 Time Keeper
 Assist the meeting leader to monitor meeting time
frames

 Meeting Minute-Taker
 Send proposed agenda
 Invite agenda item submission
 Write up agenda
 During the meeting, record key points
 Write up minutes
 Disseminate minutes
 Meeting Participant
 Contribute to the meeting process
 Undertake assigned special project tasks
 Read meeting minutes and project plans to keep
up to date with important team and business
information, strategic planning and special
project initiatives
 Types of Leadership

 There is a time and place for all leadership styles.

 No style is good or bad. It is how leaders use
them that determine success or failure
Charismatic leader
 Skilled communicators – individuals who
are both verbally eloquent, but also able to
communicate to followers on a deep,
emotional level.
 able to articulate a compelling or
captivating vision, and to arouse strong
emotions in followers.

 Oprah Winfrey is a charismatic leader who

can influence others through the power of
her personality and positive energy,
motivating others to move forward.
Transformational leader
 Creative visionaries who have big ideas and,
most importantly, can motivate people to
turn those ideas into reality.

 Tony Fernandes introduced the first

budget, no-frills airline, AirAsia, with the
tagline "Now everyone can fly". He is an
example of an innovative leader who can
see what is not working and brings new
thinking and action into play.
Autocratic leader
 An autocratic leader like Martha Stewart
exhibits close control over the workforce

 motivates individuals through application

of strictly enforced rules, regulations and
penalties.

 It can also be used effectively in situations

where staff are inexperienced and require
close monitoring until they become familiar
with their work.
Laissez-Faire leader
 Laissez-faire leadership gives authority to
employees. Departments or subordinates
are allowed to work as they choose with
minimal or no interference.

 Donna Karan is the founder of DKNY, built

an international fashion empire based on
wide appeal to both women and men.
Donna is an example of a Laissez-Faire
leader who knows what is happening but
not directly involved in it as she put her
trust to others.
Activity 1: match the descriptions correctly to each
leadership style
Attributes of a Good Leader
 Standard-Bearers
 establish the ethical framework within an organization.

 Developers
 help others learn through teaching, training, and coaching.

 Integrators
 orchestrate the many activities that take place throughout
an organization by providing a view of the future and the
ability to obtain it.
Activity 2: With a partner, lists down the other
traits of a Good Leader with brief description.
Share your answers in the eLEAP Forum: Traits of
a Good Leader.

 Example;

Honesty — Display sincerity, integrity, and

frankness in all your actions. Deceptive behavior
will not inspire trust.
Reaching for a Consensus
 Defined as "an opinion or position reached by a group
as a whole" by the American Heritage Dictionary.
 Consensus decision making is the process used to
generate widespread agreement within a group.
 Consensus decision making is
a creative and dynamic way of
reaching agreement

Consensus decision making is a creative and dynamic way of reaching

agreement between all members of a group. Instead of simply voting for
an item and having the majority of the group getting their way, a group
using consensus is committed to finding solutions that everyone actively
supports.
Benefits of using consensus: Sharing power

Enables us to take collective control over the decisions

that affect us
Benefits of using consensus: Making better decisions

Consensus involves looking for ‘win-win' solutions that

are acceptable to all
Benefits of using consensus: Getting things done

When everyone agrees with a decision they are much

more likely to implement it
Disadvantages of group decision
making
 Group decisions are subject to factors such as social
influence, including peer pressure, and group
dynamics.
 Sometimes, these factors can overshadow the
advantages of group decision making.
 These include two concepts known as Groupthink
and Homogeneity.
Groupthink: The psychological phenomenon wherein
a desire for conformity within a group results in them
making an irrational decision; by actively suppressing
dissenting viewpoints in the interest of minimizing
conflict, group members reach a consensus without
critically evaluating alternative viewpoints.

Homogeneity: In the context of group decision

making, homogeneity refers to a set of consistent and
uniform ideas, prejudices, and beliefs held by all
members within a group.
Effective Group Decision-making

 Manager and employee communicating: By setting

clear expectations

 Employee Involvement: To leverage employees’

unique skills, to motivate them, signaling that
their impact on the company is meaningful.
6 Steps for Consensus Decision-making
6 Steps for Consensus Decision-making
 DISCUSS
AND SHARE

Using the internet, find out more about your country’s gender
equality, diversity and inclusion strategy to answer the
questions below:

 What is the name of your government’s authority or agency

in charge of gender equality, diversity, and inclusion?

 Is there a strategy in place to implement and improve

gender equality, diversity and inclusion? If so, when was it
established?
Compare it to the European examples (Netherlands and
Scotland).

 Are there any laws, charters or policies created as a result of

the strategy? How do they influence or affect your
organization?
 DISCUSS
AND SHARE