MEDICAL REVIEW OF THE CRUCIFIXION OF THE LORD JESUS CHRIST OF NAZARETH

JAMES MITCHELL, MD
CRUCIFIXION OF THE LORD JESUS CHRIST OF
NAZARETH
Matthew 16:21
21From that time Jesus began to show to His disciples
that He must go to Jerusalem, and suffer many things
from the elders and chief priests and scribes, and be
killed, and be raised the third day.
CRUCIFIXION OF THE LORD JESUS CHRIST OF
NAZARETH
Matthew 17:22
22Now while they were staying in Galilee, Jesus said to
them, “The Son of Man is about to be betrayed into the
hands of men, 23and they will kill Him, and the third
day He will be raised up.” And they were exceedingly
sorrowful.
CRUCIFIXION OF THE LORD JESUS CHRIST OF
NAZARETH
Matthew 20:17-19
17Now Jesus, going up to Jerusalem, took the twelve
disciples aside on the road and said to them, 18“Behold,
we are going up to Jerusalem, and the Son of Man will be
betrayed to the chief priests and to the scribes; and they
will condemn Him to death, 19and deliver Him to the
Gentiles to mock and to scourge and to crucify. And the
third day He will rise again.”
 TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. Events Leading up to the Crucifixion
2. Trials
3. Scourging
4. Crucifixion
5. Death
6. Burial and Resurrection
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane

Mark 14:32-34
32Then they came to a place which was named
Gethsemane; and He said to His disciples, “Sit here
while I pray.” 33And He took Peter, James, and John with
Him, and He began to be troubled and deeply
distressed. 34Then He said to them, “My soul is
exceedingly sorrowful, even to death. Stay here and
watch.”
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane

Mark 14:35-36
35He went a little farther, and fell on the ground, and
prayed that if it were possible, the hour might pass from
Him. 36And He said, “Abba, Father, all things are
possible for You. Take this cup away from Me;
nevertheless, not what I will, but what You will.”
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane
Romans 8:15
For you did not receive the spirit of bondage again
to fear, but you received the Spirit of adoption by
whom we cry out, “Abba, Father.”

Galatians 4:6
And because you are sons, God has sent forth the
Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, “Abba,
Father!”
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane
Mark 14:37-42
37Then He came and found them sleeping, and said to Peter, “Simon, are
you sleeping? Could you not watch one hour? 38Watch and pray, lest you
enter into temptation. The spirit indeed is willing, but the flesh is weak.”
39Again He went away and prayed, and spoke the same words. 40And
when He returned, He found them asleep again, for their eyes were heavy;
and they did not know what to answer Him.
41Then He came the third time and said to them, “Are you still sleeping
and resting? It is enough! The hour has come; behold, the Son of Man is
being betrayed into the hands of sinners. 42Rise, let us be going. See, My
betrayer is at hand.”
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane
John 18:4-9
4Jesus, knowing all that was coming upon Him, stepped forward and asked
them, “Whom are you seeking?”
5“Jesus of Nazareth,” they answered.
Jesus said, “I am He.”
And Judas His betrayer was standing there with them. 6When Jesus said, “I
am He,” they drew back and fell to the ground.
7So He asked them again, “Whom are you seeking?”
“Jesus of Nazareth,” they answered.
8“I told you that I am He,” Jesus replied. “So if you are looking for Me, let
these men go.” 9This was to fulfill the word He had spoken: “I have not lost
one of those You have given Me.”
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane
Isaiah 48:12
12“Listen to Me, O Jacob,
And Israel, My called:
I am He, I am the First,
I am also the Last.
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane
Revelation 1:18
I am He who lives, and was dead, and behold, I am
alive forevermore. Amen. And I have the keys of
Hades and of Death.
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane
Revelation 22:13
Isaiah 41:4
Revelation 2:8
Isaiah 43:10
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Gethsemane

Hematohidrosis
Luke 22:43-44
43Then an angel appeared to Him from heaven,
strengthening Him. 44And being in agony, He
prayed more earnestly. Then His sweat became
like great drops of blood falling down to the
ground.
 Events Leading to the Crucifixion
Hematohidrosis is a rare condition in which a human
being sweats blood. Leonardo Da Vinci described a
soldier who sweated blood before battle. Jesus Christ
experienced hematohidrosis while praying in the
garden of Gethsemane before his crucification as
mentioned in the Defenders Bible by Physician Luke as
“and being in anguish he prayed more earnestly and his
sweat was like drops of blood falling to the ground.”
Jerajani HR, Jaju B, Phiske MM, Lade N. Hematohidrosis - a rare clinical phenomenon. Indian J
Dermatol. 2009;54(3):290-292. doi:10.4103/0019-5154.55645
Events Leading to the Crucifixion
 Trials
Jewish Trials
John 18:12-14
12Then the band of soldiers, with its commander and the
officers of the Jews, arrested Jesus and bound Him. 13
They brought Him first to Annas, who was the father-in-
law of Caiaphas, the high priest that year. 14Caiaphas
was the one who had advised the Jews that it would be
better if one man died for the people.
 Trials
Jewish Trials
Matt 26:57
57Those who had arrested Jesus led Him away to the house
of Caiaphas the high priest, where the scribes and elders had
gathered.
59Now the chief priests and the whole Sanhedrini were
seeking false testimony against Jesus in order to put Him to
death
67Then they spit in His face and struck Him. Others slapped
Him 68and said, “Prophesy to us, Christ! Who hit You?”
 Trials
Roman Trials
John 18:28
28Then they led Jesus away from Caiaphas into the
Praetorium. By now it was early morning, and the Jews
did not enter the Praetorium, to avoid being defiled and
unable to eat the Passover.
Mark 15:1
1Early in the morning, the chief priests, elders, scribes,
and the whole Sanhedrin devised a plan. They bound
Jesus, led Him away, and handed Him over to Pilate.
 Trials
Roman Trial
Luke 23
Jesus before Herod
6When Pilate heard this, he asked if the man was a Galilean. 7And learning that
Jesus was under Herod’s jurisdiction, he sent Him to Herod, who himself was in
Jerusalem at that time.
8When Herod saw Jesus, he was greatly pleased. He had wanted to see Him for a
long time, because he had heard about Him and was hoping to see Him perform
a miracle. 9Herod questioned Jesus at great length, but He gave no answer.
10Meanwhile, the chief priests and scribes stood there, vehemently accusing
Him. 11And even Herod and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked Him. Dressing
Him in a fine robe, they sent Him back to Pilate.
12That day Herod and Pilate became friends; before this time they had been
enemies
 Trials
Luke 23:11
11And even Herod and his soldiers ridiculed and mocked
Him
Luke 22:63-65
63The men who were holding Jesus began to mock Him
and beat Him. 64They blindfolded Him and kept
demanding, “Prophesy! Who hit You?” 65And they said
many other blasphemous things against Him.
 Trials
Isaiah 50:6-7
6I offered My back to those who struck Me,
and My cheeks to those who tore out My beard.
I did not hide My face from scorn and spittle.
7Because the Lord GOD helps Me,
I have not been disgraced;
therefore I have set My face like flint,
and I know that I will not be put to shame.
 Trials
Matt 26:67-68
67Then they spit in His face and struck Him. Others
slapped Him 68and said, “Prophesy to us, Christ!
Who hit You?”
Scourging
 Scourging
Mark 15:15

15And wishing to satisfy the crowd, Pilate released Barabbas to them.

But he had Jesus flogged, and handed Him over to be crucified.
16Then the soldiers led Jesus away into the palace (that is, the
Praetorium) and called the whole company together. 17They dressed
Him in a purple robe, twisted together a crown of thorns, and set it on
His head. 18And they began to salute Him: “Hail, King of the Jews!”
19They kept striking His head with a staff and spitting on Him. And
they knelt down and bowed before Him. 20After they had mocked
Him, they removed the purple robe and put His own clothes back on
Him. Then they led Him out to crucify Him.
 Scourging
Isaiah 53:5-6
5But He was pierced for our transgressions,
He was crushed for our iniquities;
the punishment that brought us peace was upon Him,
and by His stripes we are healed.
6We all like sheep have gone astray,
each one has turned to his own way;
and the LORD has laid upon Him
the iniquity of us all
 Scourging
1 Peter 2:21-25
21For to this you were called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an
example, that you should follow in His footsteps:
22“He committed no sin,
and no deceit was found in His mouth.”
23When they heaped abuse on Him,
He did not retaliate;
when He suffered, He made no threats,
but entrusted Himself to Him who judges justly.
24He Himself bore our sins
in His body on the tree,
so that we might die to sin
and live to righteousness.
“By His stripes you are healed.”
25For “you were like sheep going astray,” but now you have returned to the Shepherd and
Overseer of your souls.
 Crucifixion
Psalm 22:1
1My God, My God, why have You forsaken Me?
Why are You so far from helping Me,
And from the words of My groaning?

7All those who see Me ridicule Me;

They shoot out the lip, they shake the head, saying,
8“He trusted in the LORD, let Him rescue Him;
Let Him deliver Him, since He delights in Him!”
 Crucifixion
Psalm 22:16-18
16For dogs have surrounded Me;
The congregation of the wicked has enclosed Me.
They pierced My hands and My feet;
17I can count all My bones.
They look and stare at Me.
18They divide My garments among them,
And for My clothing they cast lots.
 Crucifixion
Matthew 27:39-43
39And those who passed by blasphemed Him, wagging
their heads 40and saying, “You who destroy the temple
and build it in three days, save Yourself! If You are the
Son of God, come down from the cross.”
41Likewise the chief priests also, mocking with the
scribes and elders, said, 42“He saved others; Himself
He cannot save. If He is the King of Israel, let Him now
come down from the cross, and we will believe Him. 43
He trusted in God; let Him deliver Him now if He will
have Him; for He said, ‘I am the Son of God.’ ”
Crucifixion
Crucifixion
BRACHIAL PLEXUS
Crucifixion
 Crucifixion
Luke 23:39-43
39Then one of the criminals who were hanged blasphemed
Him, saying, “If You are the Christ, save Yourself and us.”
40But the other, answering, rebuked him, saying, “Do you
not even fear God, seeing you are under the same
condemnation? 41And we indeed justly, for we receive the
due reward of our deeds; but this Man has done nothing
wrong.” 42Then he said to Jesus, “Lord, remember me when
You come into Your kingdom.”
43And Jesus said to him, “Assuredly, I say to you, today you
will be with Me in Paradise.”
 Crucifixion
John 19:28-30
28After this, Jesus, knowing that all things were
now accomplished, that the Scripture might be
fulfilled, said, “I thirst!” 29Now a vessel full of sour
wine was sitting there; and they filled a sponge with
sour wine, put it on hyssop, and put it to His
mouth. 30So when Jesus had received the sour wine,
He said, “It is finished!” And bowing His head, He
gave up His spirit.
Crucifixion
 Death
John 19:31-34
31Therefore, because it was the Preparation Day, that
the bodies should not remain on the cross on the
Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a high day), the Jews
asked Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that
they might be taken away. 32Then the soldiers came
and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was
crucified with Him. 33But when they came to Jesus and
saw that He was already dead, they did not break His
legs. 34But one of the soldiers pierced His side with a
spear, and immediately blood and water came out.
 Death
Luke 23:44-47
44Now it was about the sixth hour, and there was
darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour. 45
Then the sun was darkened, and the veil of the temple
was torn in two. 46And when Jesus had cried out with a
loud voice, He said, “Father, ‘into Your hands I commit
My spirit.’ ” Having said this, He breathed His last.
47So when the centurion saw what had happened, he
glorified God, saying, “Certainly this was a righteous
Man!”
 Death
Matthew 27:50-53
50And Jesus cried out again with a loud voice, and
yielded up His spirit.
51Then, behold, the veil of the temple was torn in
two from top to bottom; and the earth quaked, and
the rocks were split, 52and the graves were opened;
and many bodies of the saints who had fallen asleep
were raised; 53and coming out of the graves after
His resurrection, they went into the holy city and
appeared to many.
 Death
Mark 15:38-39
38Then the veil of the temple was torn in two from top
to bottom. 39So when the centurion, who stood opposite
Him, saw that He cried out like this and breathed His
last, he said, “Truly this Man was the Son of God!”
 Burial
Matthew 27:57-60
57Now when evening had come, there came a rich man
from Arimathea, named Joseph, who himself had also
become a disciple of Jesus. 58This man went to Pilate
and asked for the body of Jesus. Then Pilate commanded
the body to be given to him. 59When Joseph had taken
the body, he wrapped it in a clean linen cloth, 60and laid
it in his new tomb which he had hewn out of the rock;
and he rolled a large stone against the door of the tomb,
and departed.
 Burial
Matthew 27:62-66
62On the next day, which followed the Day of Preparation, the
chief priests and Pharisees gathered together to Pilate, 63
saying, “Sir, we remember, while He was still alive, how that
deceiver said, ‘After three days I will rise.’ 64Therefore
command that the tomb be made secure until the third day, lest
His disciples come by night and steal Him away, and say to the
people, ‘He has risen from the dead.’ So the last deception will
be worse than the first.”
65Pilate said to them, “You have a guard; go your way, make it as
secure as you know how.” 66So they went and made the tomb
secure, sealing the stone and setting the guard.
 Burial
Mark 9:30-32
30Going on from there, they passed through Galilee. But
Jesus did not want anyone to know, 31because He was
teaching His disciples. He told them, “The Son of Man
will be delivered into the hands of men. They will kill
Him, and after three days He will rise.” 32But they did
not understand this statement, and they were afraid to
ask Him about it.
Resurrection