HOW LIVING THINGS

SHARED THE SAME

CHARACTERISTICS
LIVING THINGS

Living things exist and are alive

and are made of microscopic
structures called cells. They grow
and exhibit movement or
locomotion. They experience
metabolism, which includes
NON LIVING THINGS

•Non-living things are not alive.

They do not possess life. They
do not have cells and do not
grow or
show locomotion/movement.
 Living Things Non-Living Things
They possess life. They do not possess life.
Living things are capable of giving birth Non-living things do not reproduce.
to their young ones.
For survival, living things depend on water, Non-living things have no such requirements
air and food.

Living things are sensitive and Non-living things are not sensitive and do not respond to stimuli.
responsive to stimuli.
Metabolic reactions constantly occur in There are no metabolic reactions in Non-living things.
all living things.
Living organisms undergo growth and Non-living things do not grow or develop.
development.
They have a lifespan and are not immortal. They have no lifespan and are immortal.
Living things move from one place to Non-living things cannot move by themselves.
another.
They respire and the exchange of gases Non-living things do not respire.
takes place in their cells.
Example: Humans, animals, plants, insects. Example: Rock, pen, buildings, gadgets.
HOW LIVING THINGS SHARED THE
SAME CHARACTERISTICS
• All living organisms share several key
characteristics or functions: order, sensitivity or
response to the environment, reproduction,
adaptation, growth and development,
homeostasis, energy processing, and evolution.
When viewed together, these characteristics
serve to define life.
Scientists study the concept of
energy flow within living system
through a subfield called
BIOENERGETIC.
ENERGY is provided by the
nutrients received via
digestive system.
All these chemical reaction taking
place inside the cells are collectively
called METABOLISM
PRODUCERS take water and CELLULAR RESPIRATION
minerals from the soil and results to release of carbon
carbon dioxide from the air. dioxide and return of waste
(AUTOTROPHS)

DECOMPOSERS act as
PHOTOSYNTESIS solar
energy is captured by the plants. recyclers of soil nutrients that
plants can use up again ,
ensuring the cycle of matter in
CONSUMERS eat plants and the ecosystems.
other animals.
(HETEROTROPHS)
PHOTOAUTOTROPHS is HETEROTROPHS
a chemical those not
energy in the capable of
form of performing
carbohydrates.
photosynthesis
MITOCHONDRIA known as power house of the cells
FUNCTION OF MITOCHONDRIA
CRISTAE increase the surface INNER MEMBRANE functional
area of the mitochondrial barrier to the passage of small
membrane molecules

MATRIX metabolizes nutrients OUTER MEMBRANE separates

into by-products the the intermembrane space from the
mitochondrion can use for cytosol
energy production.
Chlorophyll's job in a
plant is to absorb light—
usually sunlight
CHLOROPLAST-
most common type of plastids
Share some common characteristics with
mitochondria
contains green pigment called
CHLOROPHYLL
PHOTOSYNTHESIS takes place in the
planet leaves
MESOPHYLL occurs in the middle of the leaf.
STOMATA contains tiny openings
THYLAKOIDS are membrane-bound
compartments inside chloroplasts
GRANUM/STROMA stack of thylakoids
PHOTOSYNTHESIS 2 STAGES

*LIGHT-DEPENDENT chlorophyll absorbs

the light energy and turned into
chemicals

*LIGHT-INDEPENDENT (Calvin cycle)-

occurs in stroma of the chloroplast.
HOW PHOTOSYNTHESIS AND
CELLULAR RESPIRATION OCCUR
Photosynthesis converts carbon
dioxide and water into oxygen
and glucose.
Glucose is used as food by the
plant and oxygen is a by-product.
Cellular respiration converts oxygen
and glucose into water and carbon
dioxide.

Water and carbon dioxide are by-

products and ATP is energy that is
transformed from the process.
 ATP-adenosine triphosphate (ATP), energy-
carrying molecule found in the cells of all living
things. ATP captures chemical energy obtained from
the breakdown of food molecules and releases it to
fuel other cellular processes.
 CELLULAR
RESPIRATION
The aerobic pathway of
obtaining energy , consists
of 3 stages ; glycolysis, Krebs
cycle , and electron
transport chain.
GLYCOLYSIS
Is a series of enzyme
controlled reactions occur
inside the cytoplasm.
KERBS CYCLE
Known as citric acid cycle ,
involves a series of enzyme-
controlled
ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

Molecules from glycolysis and

Kerbs cycle is used to generate.
It is called cytochrome.
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