India - Present Power Scenario

• Generation
Total Installed
Capacity – 228.7 GW
(As on 30.09.13)

• Peak Demand : 132 GW

• Growth Rate : 9 – 10 % (per annum)
 Evolution of National Grid

National Grid
Interconnecting
Regional Grids Regional Grids
with ATS of with HVDC
Central
Generation 2000 onwards
State 1990s
Grids by (Paradigm Shift from self
SEBs 1970-80s sufficiency at Regional level
concept to National level)
1950-60’s IR Capacity (MW)

100000
Local 27750 66400
50000 14100
1950’s 5100
0
IX Plan X Plan XI Plan XII Plan
 August 2006
Five Regional Grids North synchronized
Two Frequencies
With Central Grid
March 2003
West synchronized NEW Grid
With East & Northeast

October 1991 South

East and Northeast Grid
synchronized

Central Grid

MERGING
North OF
East MARKETS
West
Northeast
South

Five Regional Grids Installed Capacity 229 GW

Five Frequencies
4
 Transmission Network - Present
 Transmission network
 spread geographically over 3.3million sq km :
The Inter-State and Intra-State level
‘Electrical’  Transmission line : 2,80,571 ckm
Regions (POWERGRID : 1,020,000 ckm)
NORTHE
 765kV : 7910 ckm
1
RN
REGION NORTH-
EASTER
 400kV : 1,20,693 ckm
N

EASTER
REGION  220kV : 1,42,536 ckm
N

HVDC Bipole (±500kV) : 9,432 ckms

REGION
WESTE

RNREGI
ON

 Transformation capacity (MVA/MW)

 HVAC :474,091 MVA
2
SOUTHE
RN
(POWERGRID : 170,000MVA, 171 S/s)
765kV : 56,500 MVA
REGION
−

− 400kV : 170,397 MVA

− 220kV : 247,194 MVA
 HVDC : 13,500 MW
 FSC – 33nos., TCSC – 6 nos.
 Inter-Regional Capacity - Existing
Present IR Capacity – 31,850 MW

NR

6,220 MW NER
14,230 MW
1,260 MW
WR
WR ER
4,390 MW

1,520 MW
3,630 MW

SR

6
 Players in the Power Sector

Generators
Central/State GENCO, IPP, Captive

CTU
System
Inter-State Trans. system,
Open Access Operator

STU
Power
Intra-State Tr./Sub-tr. system
Exchange

DISCOMS Traders

Consumers
Industries, household,
agriculture
 Role of POWERGRID as CTU
• To undertake transmission of electricity through ISTS

• To discharge all functions of planning and co-ordination

relating to ISTS with Central Govt, CEA, RPC, STU, Trans
Licensees.
• To ensure development of an efficient, co-ordinated and
economical system of ISTS lines for smooth flow of electricity
from generating stations to the load centres

• To provide non-discriminatory access to its transmission

system for use by any licensee or generating company on
payment of the transmission charges; or any consumer as
and when such open access is provided by the State
Commission
 Grid Management - Hierarchy

NLDC:
Ensure integrated operation of
National Grid

RLDC:
Ensure integrated operation of
5 Regional Grid

SLDC:
31 Ensure integrated operation of State
Grid
 Projected Power Scenario

# Considering 9% GDP growth rate

205GW

Present Generation Capacity & Demand - 228 GW & 132 GW

** Source- Planning commission report on IEP

 Demand Pattern in India

Ahmedabad

Mumbai &
Pune
Hyderabad

Bangalore &
Chennai

Source: NASA Satellite Snapshot

 Energy Resource Map

Energy resources (coal, water etc.) unevenly

distributed
Hydro  Coal – In Central India
- Chhattisgarh : 58000 MW
- Orissa : 30000 MW
- Jharkhand : 15000 MW
- Madhya Pradesh:16000 MW

 Hydro – In North Eastern &

Northern Himalayan region
Coal
 Coastal based
- Andhra Pradesh: 24000 MW
- Tamil Nadu : 10000 MW
- Gujarat : 11000 MW
 Future Generation Scenario (5-6 Years)
 12th Plan (2012-17) Capacity Addition : 88 GW

• Thermal – 72 GW
• Hydro – 11 GW
• Nuclear – 6 GW

 Renewable Capacity Addition - 12th Plan(2012-17) : 42 GW

• Wind – 30 GW
• Solar – 10 GW
• Small Hydro – 2 GW
 Expansion Programme – 12th Plan

 Transmission Line : 1,10,000 ckm

(POWERGRID – 40,000ckm)
 765kV – 27,000 ckm
 400kV – 38,000 ckm
 220kV/132kV – 35,000 ckm
 HVDC – 9,500 ckm

Substations : about 270,000 MVA

(POWERGRID – 100,000 MVA)
 Emerging National Grid
 National Grid comprises of Inter-State, Intra-State and
Inter-regional transmission system
 Cummulative Growth of Inter-regional capacity in MW

66000
80000

60000

40000 27750

20000

0
2011-12 By 2016-17

National Grid – A Continuing Process

 Augmentation of IR Capacity in
XII Plan

NR 6000 MW

10200 MW NER

5800 MW

WR ER 1600 MW
8400 MW

6400 MW

SR
National Grid - XII Plan addition – 38,400 MW
National Grid - Total by XII Plan – 66,000 MW
17
 Pursuing Higher Voltage Levels

World’s Highest
World’s longest Voltage level – Test station
multi-terminal Charged in Oct.’12
HVDC to harness renewable
Hydro Power from North-east
765kV D/C
- AC
Voltage
(kV) 1200kV
800kV
765kV HVDC

500kV
HVDC
400kV
220kV

1977 1990 2000 2002 2012 2017-18

Year
 Technology being Adopted

 High Voltage line

 EHVAC : 400kV  765kV  1200kV
 HVDC : 500kV  800kV

 Increase the capacity of trans. corridor through HSIL/re-

conductoring with HTLS /Upgradation
 Utilisation of existing transmission lines upto full thermal
capacity – Series capacitors, SVC, FACTS
 Optimization of Tower design – tall tower, multi-ckt. tower
 GIS substation
 High Power Intensity Corridor
RoW Capacity MW/m
(m) (MW) RoW
400kV S/c 52 500 9.6
400kV D/c 46 1000 21.8

765kV S/c 64 2500 39

765kV D/c 67 4000 60

800kV HVDC 69 6000 87

176 m 69 m
 Implementing +800kV HVDC Bipole Link

 World’s longest
multi-terminal ±800
kV HVDC under
Biswanath
implementation Agra Chariali
from Biswanath 2000 km
Chariali, North-
Eastern Region to
Agra, Northern
Region.

 Shall transmit
power to the tune
of 6000-8000 MW.
 Indigenous Development of 1200kV UHVAC

 World’s highest voltage,

1200kV UHV AC, test
charged at Bina, Madhya
Pradesh in October 2012.

 Has been Developed

Indigenously through
Public Private Partnership
(PPP) with 35 Indian
manufacturers in open
collaboration.
 Change in Generation Profile

Central Sector State Sector Private Sector Total

XI 15220 (30%) 16732(30%) 23012(42%) 54964

XII 26181 (30%) 15530(17%) 46825(53%) 88537

 Long Term Open Access / Connectivity

 Long-term Open Access

– Application Received : 218no. , 132,000MW
– Granted : 148 No., 83,000 MW :

 Connectivity
– Application Received : 188no. , 176,300MW
– Granted : 84 No., 74,400 MW

 Short Term Open Access

– 2012-13 : 32,000 transactions, 74BU energy
 High Capacity Corridors
S.No Corridor Ins. Capacity (MW) LTOA granted (MW)

1 HCPTC –I 10090 6080

( for IPP projects in Orissa)
2 HCPTC –II 3820 3510
( for IPP projects in Jharkhand)
3 HCPTC-III 2162 2162
(for IPP projects in Sikkim)
4 HCTPC-IV 4370 3554
( for IPP projects in M.P & Chhattisgarh)
5 HCTPC –V 18270 16289
( for IPP projects in Chhattisgarh)
6 HCTPC –VI 4240 3516
( for IPP projects in Krishnapatnam)
7 HCTPC –VII 2520 2000
( for IPP projects in Tuticorin)
8 HCTPC –VIII 1320 1240.8
( for IPP projects in Srikakulam)
9 HCTPC –IX 8446 7026
( for IPP projects in SR, for transfer of power to WR/NR)
10 HCTPC –X 4568 4325
( for IPP projects in Vemagiri)
11 HCTPC –XI 2250 2137
( for IPP projects in Nagapattinam/ Cuddalore )
Total 62,000 52,000
HIGH CAPACITY
CORRIDORS

28
Linkages with
Neighboring
Countries
31
India - Bhutan : Interconnection

32
India - Nepal : Interconnection

33
 India – Sri Lanka Interconnection
Madurai Madurai-New

48 Kms

130 Kms

120 Kms

Panaikulam

Thirukketiswaram *
Taliamannar

110 Kms

Proposed Route for Interconnection New Anuradhapura

 Issues & Challenges

 Issues concerning availability of RoW and same are becoming critical –

 Resistance of people, terrains in areas of mountains and forest

 Sector to grow from 228 GW to 600 GW in next 20 years – Even 765kV

system may not be good enough. New methods have to be found out

 Challenges to develop Transmission system to meet the requirement of

power flow from anywhere to anywhere.

 With increasing magnitude of power transmission, create new challenges

of proper O&M
Thank you