Computer Applications

Introduction to
 Network

 LAN

 WAN Sajid Amir Shah

 Internet sajid.shah@iiu.edu.pk

 E-mail 1
 Network
 A network is a group of computers connected to
each other or to a central server so they can
share resources such as documents and printer.
Purpose of a Network:
 File and Data Sharing
 Resource Sharing
 Data Protection
 Ease of Administration
 International Communication
 LAN
 A Local Area Network (LAN) is a network that is
restricted to smaller physical areas e.g. a local office,
school, or house. Used for
 Data & Resource sharing
 Better Administration
 Centralization

3
 WAN
 Wide Area Network (WAN) is a computer network
that covers relatively larger geographical area such
as a state, province or country.
o WAN is made up of two or more LANs that are
interconnected with each other, thus users and
computers in one location can communicate with
users and computers in other locations. Used for
 Communicate between the LANs
 Share information globally 4
WAN

5
 Wi-Fi
 WiFi is a technology that uses radio waves to
provide network connectivity. There are a
number of theories about what the term means,
but the most widely accepted definition for the
term in the tech community is Wireless Fidelity.
 Developed and released in 1997
 Established using a wireless adapter
 Device used is called Wireless Router
 Can be open or Password Protected 6
Wi-Fi Devices

7
Internet
 Worldwide collection of networks that
connects millions of computers is called
Internet.

The internet in simple terms is a

network of the interlinked
computer networking worldwide,
which is accessible to the
general public.

8
 Internet

 No one owns it.

 It connects millions of computers together

globally, forming a network in which any
computer can communicate with any other
computer as long as they are both connected to
the Internet. 9
Uses of Internet
 Searching
 Information Sharing
 Online Shopping
 Banking and Investments
 Social Interaction
 Education
 Entertainment
10
World Wide Web (WWW)
 The Web (World Wide Web) consists of
information organized into Web pages
containing text, graphic and animations.

 It contains hypertext links, or highlighted

keywords and images that lead to related
information.

11
Internet (Browser, Website, Homepage)
 A program that is specifically used to look at various
WWW resources is called Browser.
 Example: Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome

 A collection of linked Web pages that has a

common theme or focus is called a Web site.
 Example: iiu.edu.pk

 The main page that all of the pages on a particular

Web site are organized around and link back to is
called the site’s home page.
12
 Internet (Web Servers & Client)
 Web is a collection of files that reside on
computers, called Web servers, that are located all
over the world and are connected to each other
through the Internet.

 When you use your Internet connection to become

part of the Web, your computer becomes a Web
client in a worldwide client/server network.
13
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
 URL - Uniform Resource Locator.
 A unique name that identifies an Internet site.

 To identify a Web pages exact location, Web

browsers rely on Uniform Resource Locator

(URL).
 Example: http://iiu.edu.pk/dde

http://iiu.edu.pk/dde
Protocol Domain Name Path
14
Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
Domain
 Domain Name
 A unique name that identifies an Internet site.
The name always has two or more parts
separated by a dot. The last part of the name
identifies the site ( i.e. gov for government, edu
for education, com for commercial, or net for
network)
 www.yahoo.com (Commercial)
 www.pakistan.gov.pk (Government)
 www.iiu.edu.pk (Education)
16
Internet Service Provider (ISP)

 A commercial organization with

permanent connection to the Internet
that sells temporary connections to
subscribers.
 Examples: PTCL, Comsats, Nayatel
17
 Hot Spot (A place/spot that offers internet wirelessly)
 A hotspot is a physical location where people may
obtain internet access, typically using Wi-Fi
technology, via a Wireless Local Area Network
(WLAN) using a router connected to an Internet
Service Provider.
Examples:
 Metro Bus Hot Spot

 Mcdonald’s

 Allama Iqbal International Airport

18
 Bandwidth
Bandwidth is the amount of data that can be sent
through an internet connection in a given amount of
time. The amount of bandwidth is usually what
determines the price.
The type of Internet access varies depending on what
the customer requires. For home use, cable or DSL
(digital subscriber line) is the perfect, affordable
choice. The speed for home use usually varies from
14 kilobits per second to 100 megabits per second.
For large companies and organizations, their
bandwidth requirements may be 1 to 10 gigabits per
19
second, which is both fast and expensive!
Search Engines
 A Web Search Engine is designed to search for
information on the World Wide Web.

 The search results are generally presented in the

form of links, often referred to as search engine
results pages (SERPs).

 Search results could be web pages, images, audio

video and other types of files.

20
Search Engines

1. Google.com
2. Yahoo.com
3. Bing.com
4. scholar.google.com.pk

HEC Digital Library:

 http://www.iiu.edu.pk/index.php?page_id=185

21
 E-mail
A medium for communicating electronically

1. Gmail.com
2. Yahoo.com
3. hotmail.com
4. Live.com

22
The End
 Thanks for Listening
 Questions would be appreciated

23