UNDERSTANDING

CULTURE,
SOCIETY AND POLITICS
Most Essential TOPICS

Starting points for Defining Culture and

Society from the Becoming a
the understanding How Society is
Perspective of Member of
culture, society Organized
Anthropology and Society
and politics Sociology

Cultural, Social Social and Responding to

and Political Political Social, Cultural
Institution Stratification and Political
Change
MET 1:
Starting Points for the
Understanding
Culture, Society and
Politics
MET #1: STARTING POINTS FOR THE UNDERSTANDING
CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society

SECTION II. Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science
SECTION III. Understanding Culture, Society and Politics as
Scientific Endeavor
CONTENT STANDARDS
The learners demonstrate an understanding of:

1. Human cultural variation, social differences, social change,

and political identities;
2. The significance of studying culture, society and politics;
and
3. The rationale for studying anthropology, political science,
and sociology
PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
The learners:

1. Acknowledge human cultural variation, social differences, social

change, and political identities
2. Adopt an open and critical attitude toward different social,
political and cultural phenomenon
3. Appreciates the value of disciplines of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science as social sciences
SHARE YOUR
THOUGHTS!
WHAT DO YOU THINK ABOUT UCSP?
State your initial ideas about UCSP. You can write
about:
 3 THINGS that come to mind when you
hear the words “ CULTURE, SOCIETY and
POLITICS’
 2 EXPECTATIONS from the subject
 1 FILIPINO IDENTITY that is different from
the other nationality
MET #1: STARTING POINTS FOR THE UNDERSTANDING
CULTURE, SOCIETY AND POLITICS

SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society

SECTION II. Anthropology, Sociology and Political Science
SECTION III. Understanding Culture, Society and Politics as
Scientific Endeavor
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
 Cultural Variation
What is Cultural Variation?
What are variation within cultures?
 Social Differences
What is social differences?
What are the complex types of social differences?
 Social Changes
What is social change?
What are the causes of social change?
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
WHAT IS CULTURAL VARIATION?

 Human Cultural Variation refers to the

differences in social behavior that
different culture exhibit around the world.

 What we considered bad etiquette in one

culture maybe considered good
etiquette in another.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
VARIATION WITHIN CULTURES
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
VARIATION WITHIN CULTURES
 A segment of society which shares
a distinctive patterns of mores, folkways, and values
which differ from the pattern of larger society.

 These are also groups that have

specific cultural traits that set them apart from the
dominant culture.

 Different from the larger culture that they belong to.

SUBCULTURE
 A group of people with a culture.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
VARIATION WITHIN CULTURES

 Part of society while keeping their specific

characteristics intact

SUBCULTURE
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
VARIATION WITHIN CULTURES

 Subcultures develop their own norms and

values regarding cultural, political and sexual
matters.

SUBCULTURE  The concept of subcultures was developed in

sociology and cultural studies.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
VARIATION WITHIN CULTURES

 A group whose values and norms place it at

odds with mainstream society or group that
actively rejects dominant cultural values
norms.
 A sociopolitical term

 Creating a collective voice that can be

considered a significant minority.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
VARIATION WITHIN CULTURES

 Refers to movement that is in direct

opposition to mainstream cultural norms

• Ideas
• Beliefs
• Behaviors
• Expectations
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
VARIATION WITHIN CULTURES
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
WHAT IS SOCIAL DIFFERENCES?

 A distinction made between social groups and

persons on the basis of biological,
physiological and sociocultural.

 This can create discrimination among

individuals on the basis of their social
characteristic.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Gender

 Gender
 Socioeconomic Status
Socioeconomic
Nationality Status

 Ethnicity
 Religion
 Exceptionality
Exceptionality Ethnicity

Religion
 Nationality
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Gender
 the socially-constructed characteristics of
being male or female.
 refers to the societies’ division of humanity
into two distinctive categories based on
sex.
 Sex- chiefly centers on biological
characteristics.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Socioeconomic status
 Refers to the category of persons who have more or less the
same socio-economic privileges.

 Three types of social classes:

1. Upper class
2. Middle class
3. Lower class
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Ethnicity
 Expression of the set of cultural ideas
held by a distinct ethnic or
indigenous group.
 Composed of people who collectively
identify themselves as distinct and
unique because of their cultural
features such as language, ancestry
and traditions.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Religion
 An organized system of ideas
about spiritual sphere or the
supernatural, along with
associated ceremonial or ritualistic
practices by which people try to
interpret and/or influence aspects
of human control.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Exceptionality
 Refers to the state of being intellectually
gifted and/or having physically or mentally
challenged conditions concerning
personality, behavior, communication,
intellect, physical appearance, or a
combination of more than one specific
exceptionality or disability.
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
TYPES OF SOCIAL DIFFERENCES
Nationality

 The legal relationship that binds a person

and a country.
 Gives people sense of identity and
belongingness,
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
WHAT IS SOCIAL CHANGE?

 Refers to variations or modifications in the

patterns of social organizations, or subgroups
within a society, or the entire society itself.

 Three causes:
Invention, Discovery and Diffusion
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
WHAT IS SOCIAL CHANGE?
 Innovation- defined as a new combination or a new use of
knowledge.

 Discovery- when people reorganized existing elements of the world

they had not noticed before or learned to see in a new way.

 Diffusion- refers to the spread of culture traits from one group to

another
SECTION I. The Diversified Human Society
 Cultural Variation
What is Cultural Variation?
What are variation within cultures?
 Social Differences
What is social differences?
What are the complex types of social differences?
 Social Changes
What is social change?
What are the causes of social change?