 SOCRATES
 “Unexamined life is not worth living”
 Teaching the truth
 Lived and died teaching the truth to
the youth of Athens
 Attributed to writing’s of one of his
students Plato.
 ART OF QUESTIONING
 Socratic Method in latin “ELENCHUS”
means the way of eliciting truth by
question and answer.
 Requires to listen not just by open
mind but also with humble heart
 Active search for knowledge
 DOCTA IGNORANTIA
 To know that you do not know
 PHILOSOPY
 Eternal quest for truth
 TRUE KNOWLEDGE
 Real virtue ( arete ) means virtue of
perfection
 For the greeks, true education is
meant to train the BODY and SOUL.
Knowledge is this sense, is about
educating the human person as one
whole.
 “All men by nature to know” –
Aristotle
 The person is being who is rational
 Our desire for knowledge must lead to
a life long process. In search of
practical wisdom or PHRONESIS.
 For the student of Plato, the wisdom
leads us to a life of real virtue and in
the end, to a life happiness
EUDAIMONIA
 WHAT IS INSIGHT?
 “Insight is a kind of seeing with the
mind” – Fr. Roque Ferriols, Filipino
Philosopher.
 It is to realize the meaning of
something
 Insight is something that emerges
when we are thrown into a situation
 The process of arriving at an insight is
called ABSTRACTION
 ABSTRACTION
 Refers to the analysis of concepts. The
word analysis is derived from two
Greek words. The prefix ANA means
UP and LUSIS means dissolution.
 Abstraction in this sense, means the
dissolution an object into its
constitution parts.
PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
REFLECTION
 PRIMARY REFLECTION
 Refers to the process directed at
deriving clear concepts about reality.
We discover, from an objective point
 of view the various elements of a  NOMINAL DEFINITION OF
thing – its shape, color or function. PHILOSOPHY

 PHILOSOPY
 Is define as the science of all things in
their ultimate cause through the aid of
 SECONDARY REFLECTION human reason.

 Beyond what is grasped objectively.  SCIENCE

In primary reflection, secondary  It is the pursuit of knowledge based
reflection is the realization of the on facts and demonstration.
unity of the situation and the
individual which provides us with a
holistic view of reality.
 THE BRANCHES OF PHILOSOPY

 LOGIC
 THE ETYMOLOGY OF PHILOSOPHY
 Correct reasoning

 The term “PHILOSOPY” came from the

 PHILOSOPY OF HUMAN PERSON
Greek word “PHILO” or “PHILEIN”
 The science of the study of man in
which means “LOVE” and “SOPHIA”
relation to his own destiny
which means “WISDOME” or
“KNOWLEDGE”
 COSMOLOGY
 Lifeless beings

 THE MAJOR SUB DISCIPLINES OF

 METAPHYSICS
PHILOSOPHY
 Study of existence
 EPISTEMOLOGY
 ETHICS
 The philosophical study of knowledge
 Action whether it is right or wrong.
 What is knowledge? Etc.
 AESTHETICS
 METAPHYSICS
 The science of art and beuty
 The philosophical study of reality.
 PSYCHOLOGY
 ETHICS
 The science of human behavior
 The philosophical study of morality
 What makes an action right or wrong?
 EPISTEMOLOGY
Is morality relative?
 The science of the theory of
knowledge
 LOGIC
 The philosophical study of reason and
 SOCIAL PHILOSOPHY
argument.
 Human relation
  This is more systematized approach
to philosophy.
 THEODICY
 Study of God
 CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS
 A complex concept is either left
 TWO KNIDS OF WISDOME undefined or a definition is used
inconsistently.
 DIVINE WISDOME  Responding to the work of those who
 The divine wisdom is a gift from God. are not professional philosophers.

Here are the Characteristics of Divine  DECONSTRUCTION

wisdom.
 Allows a thinker to challenge their
own cultural perceptions and thus,
1. FROM ABOVE – it is a gift from
gain a somewhat more objective point
above.
of view.
2. PURE – Free from stains and evil
thoughts
 PHENOMENOLOGY
3. PEACEABLE – Free from strife or
 When encountering a field of
disorder
Philosophy for the first time.
4. GENTLE – Not harsh or severe;
mild and soft.
 PUBLIC INTELLECTUAL
5. OPEN TO REASON – It is willing to
 Serves to popularize philosophical
listen to sensible or logical thingking.
discourse and make it accessible to
6. FULL OF MERCY – It is treating
the common man.
people with kindness and forgiveness.
7. IMPARTIAL – It is treating or
affecting everybody equality.  PHILOSOPHY AS DIALOGUE
8. FULL OF GOOD FRUITS – It is  Brings a philosopher into contact with
meant the produce of our lives. many ideas in a short period of time,
especially when there are more than
opinions being argued.
 HUMAN WISDOM
 COMPARATIVE-DESCRIPTIVE
APPROACH
 The quality of having an experience,
knowledge and good judgement.
 This approach does not really
generate any new knowledge, and
though it is a fast track to
 METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING
understanding.
 LOGICAL ANALYSIS
 COMPARATIVE
 It allows a person during an argument
 Process of truth seeking
to get practice at identifying solid
arguments.
 INTEGRATING PHILOSOPHY INTO
OTHER EXPERIENCES.
 To inform our everyday decisions
regarding ethics; interactions with
others lifestyle decisions, etc.