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Module 2 Glosssary of Terms
Module 2 Glosssary of Terms
Glossary of Terms
Definition of terms
Introduction:
As we prepare foods we always encounter
some terms in which some were familiar to us but
for other there are some terms which are new to us
and to be able to understand well the recipes these
terms need to be understood. This will also help us
to fully execute the recipes given even if those were
new to us.
2
Learning Outcomes
At the end of this lesson students are expected to:
Understand culinary terms used to fully understand when
encountered in various recipes.
Be familiar with some foods and ingredients used in
different cuisines in other countries. .
Apply knowledge learned in preparing and cooking
menus from different countries around the globe
3
Discussion:
There are terms that we commonly encountered when we
are preparing and cooking dishes either those were cuisines
that we are familiar or those that we eat. However, when we
talk about other menus from other countries we are having
hard times understanding those. In order to fully execute the
recipes we are using, we need to be familiar with some of
those foreign terms and understand those.
4
Definition of Terms
Ahi (AH- hee) : the Hawaiian name for yellowfish, as well as
big eye Tuna
hawaiifishinglures.com
Staradvertiser.com
5
2.Aioli (ay- OH-lee, i- OH-lee) : a cold egg and oil emulsion
with olive oil and garlic. Many variations of this sauce are
made.
Fromthegraevine.com bonappetit.com
6
3.Al Dente (al-DEN- tay) : An Italian phrase meaning “to the tooth”,
used to describe pasta or other food that is cooked only until it offers
a slight resistance when bitten into, but which is not soft or overdone.
4.Allspice: The pea-size berry of the evergreen
pimiento tree, native of the West Indies and
South America. The dried berries are dark
brown can be purchased whole or ground. It
tastes like combination of cinnamon, nutmeg
and cloves. allspice.com
7
5.Arborio rice (ar- BOH- ree-oh) : the high starch kernels of an
Italian – grown grain which are shorter and fatter than any other
short- grain rice. It is traditionally used for risotto because its
increased starch lends this classics dish its requisite creamy
texture.
Yummy.ph thenational.ae
8
6.Arugula (ah-ROO-guh-lah) : also called
roquette, rugula. It is a bitterish, aromatic
salad green with peppery mustard flavor.
healthyrecipesblog.com
9
8. Baguette (bag- EHT): a French bread
that been formed into a long, narrow, cylindrical
loaf. It is usually has a crisp brown crust and
light, chewy center. Merrybooster.com
10
10. Bechamel sauce (bay-shah- MEHL, BEH-shah-mehl): Basic
French white sauce made by stirring milk into a butter – flour Roux.
The thickness of the sauce depends on the proportions of flour and
butter to milk. It is the base of many other sauces.
Realfood.tesco.com 196flavors.com
11
11. Beurre Blanc: (burr BLAHN, burr BLAHN, GK): which
means “white butter”. It is a classic French sauce composed of a
wine vinegar and shallot reduction into which chunks of cold butter
are whisked until the sauce is thick and smooth.
Latimes.com thespruceeats.com
12
12. Bisque (bihsk): a thick,
rich soup usually consisting of
pureed seafood (sometimes fowl or
vegetables) and cream seriouseats.com
finecooking.com
13
14. Bordelaise (bohr-di- AYZ, bohr- di- EHZ):
term used to describe a brown sauce that
includes shallots, parsley, herbs and red
wine. Some versions may include slices of
bone marrow added at the end of cooking. Pinterest.com
recipe.spark.com
cuisnart.com
14
16. Brioche (BREE-osh): a very rich
bread with butter and eggs. It is baked in
many shapes. The dough can be flavored
with nuts or candied fruit, as well as herbs
and spices. Allrecipes.com
15
18. Carbonara (kar-boh-NAH-rah):
an ultra – rich pasta sauce consisting
of pancetta, eggs and parmesan
cheese. taste.com.au
groupe-routhiau.co.uk Sbs.com.au
16
22.Chapati (chah- PAH- tee):
whole wheat Indian flatbread that
can be grilled or fried.
Tarasmulticulturabel.com
17
24. Chorizo (chor-EE-zoh, chor-EE-soh)
highly seasoned, coarsely ground pork,
sausage flavored with garlic., chili powder
and other spices. It is widely used in
Mexican and Spanish cookery. Mexican
chorizo is made with fresh pork while
Spanish version uses smoked pork. Gourmetsleut.com
18
26. Chutney: It is a spicy condiment
from East Indian which contains fruit,
vinegar, sugar and spices. It can range
in texture from chunky to smooth and in
degrees of spiciness from mild to hot.
food.ndtv.com
27. Ciabatta: literally means “carpet slipper”.
It is an Italian white bread made with
wheat flour and yeast. The loaf is somewhat
elongated, broad and flattish and somewhat
collapse in the middle.
littlebigalaska.com
19
28. Clarified butter: (KLEHR-ih- fide):
also called drawn butter. This unsalted
butter has been slowly melted evaporating
most of the water and separating the milk
solids. Cookingforerigners.com
phys.com
wikihow.com
20
30. Compote: (KAHM- poht):
chilled fish of fresh or dried fruit that
has been slowly cooked in a sugar syrup
(which may contain liquor and sometimes
spices) Slow cooking is important for the
fruit to retain its shape.
greatbritishchef.com Berry Compote
Thehouseandhomestead.com
21
32. Confit (kohn- FEE, kon FEE):
Derived from an ancient method of preserving meat (usually
goose, duck or pork). The first salted to remove moisture. It is then
cooked at the lowest of simmers, submerged in fat, until the meat
is buttery.
22
33. Coq au vin (kohk-oh- VAHN, kohk-oh, VAHN)
It is a classic French dish composed of pieces
of chicken, mushrooms, onions, bacon or salt
pork and various herbs cooked together with red
wine. Taste.com.au
pinterest.com
23
35. Coulis (koo-LEE) a puree of fruit or vegetables used as a
sauce or flavoring agent to other sauces or soups. As a sauces,
they are thinned down just enough to reach the proper
consistency but not as much as to alter the intense flavor of the
puree.
24
36. Crayfish: any of various freshwater
crustaceans that resemble tiny lobsters,
complete with claws.
allrecipes.com
25
38.Croque-Monsieur (KROHK muhs-YOOR)
French version of a grilled ham and
cheese sandwich with Gruyere cheese.
It is called Croque- madame
(KROHK mah- DAHM) with the addition of
fried egg. food52.com Croque madame
enwikipedia.org
41. Curry: from Southern Indian
word kari which means sauce. Any
number of hot, spicy, gravy- based
dishes
27
42. Cutlet: thin, tender cut of meat
(usually from lamb, pork or veal) taken
from the leg or rib section. It is best
when quickly cooked such as sautéed
or grilled.
Myrecipes.com
reduced to half.
28
44. Dry aging: a process usually
referring to beef. This process not only
adds flavor but tenderizes the beef
through enzymes action. Maximum flavor
and tenderness is achieved in 21 days.
Robbreprot.com
29
46. Emulsion:( ih- MUHL- shuhn): mixture of one liquid with
another with which it cannot normally combine smoothly – like oil
and water. Example Mayonnaise
47. Espagnole Sauce (ehs-pah- NYOHL)
It is the foundation of all of the brown sauces.
The sauce is made of rich brown veal stock
thickened with a brown roux. A long, slow-
cooking helps to purify and concentrate its flavor. Cookpad.com
48. Fennel (FEHN- uhl) : both the base
and stems can be eaten raw in salads or
cooked in variety of methods such as
braising, sautéing or in soups.
Taste.com.au
30
49. Fettuccine: (feht-tuh- CHEE-nee) :
thick flat narrow pasta noodles. Myrecipes.com
31
52. Fondue( fahn-DOO)
there are several different types of
fondue, the most notable is cheese
fondue. This is a Swiss specialty
in which cheese is melted with wine,
eggs and seasonings and served with
bread and fresh vegetables thegreatbritishchef.com Cheese fondoue
32
54.Gazpacho (gahz-PAH- choh)
Refreshingly cold, summertime soup.
This uncooked soup is usually made
from a pureed mixture of fresh tomatoes,
sweet bell peppers, onions, celery,
cucumber, bread crumbs, garlic, olive oil, washingtonpost.com
vinegar and sometimes lemon juice.
55.Gelato: (jeh-LAH-toh):
An Italian frozen dessert. Made of whole milk
and eggs. This gives it richness without
flavors becoming masked by the fat from
the cream. The flavors are very intense and
the texture is soft and silky. Cuisnart.com
33
56. Glace de Viande (glahs duh vee-AHND)
French for “meat glaze” glace de viande is
made by boiling meat juices until they are
reduced to a thick syrup. It is used to add
flavor and color to the sauce.
57. Gnocchi (NYOH-kee, NOH- kee)
These are small dumplings made with flour, bonewerskculinarte.com
34
58.Gorgonzola Cheese (gohr-guhn- ZOH-lah)
It is one of Italy’s great cheese. It has an ivory –
colored interior that can be lightly or thickly
streaked with bluish – green veins. This cow’s milk
cheese is rich and creamy with a savory, slightly,
pungent flavor.
59. Gouda Cheese (GOOO-dah, Du, KHOW-dah) deliciousitaly.com Gorgonzola cheese
Holland’s most famous exported cheese. It has
characteristic yellow interior dotted with a few
tiny holes. It has a mild, nutlike flavor.
35
60. Gourney Cheese: French whole- milk,
soft cheese. Perishablenews.com
foodandwine.com Grits
36
63. Gruyere (groo-YEHR, gree- YEHR):
moderate – fat cow milk cheese with a rich, Quora.com
simplyrecipes.com
37
65.Jasmine Rice: an aromatic rice
from Thailand that has a flavor and
fragrance.
38
67. Lamb: sheep less than 1 year old,
known for its tender meat.
food.com
39
69. Loin: it comes from the area
on both sides of the backbone extending
from the shoulder to the leg (for pork) or
from the rib to the leg (beef. Lamb and veal)
Rockreccipes.com Loin
smalltownwoman.com
40
71. Morel Mushroom (muh-REHL)
Belonging to the same fungus species
as the truffle. It possess a wonderful
smoky, earthy, nutty flavor.
epicurus.com bogoven.com
41
73. Mozzarella Cheese: (math-suh-REHL-lah, moth-suh –
REHL-lah)
It is a mild, white fresh cheese that’s made by the special pasta
filata process, the curd is dipped into hot whey, then stretched
and kneaded to the desired consistency.
Thehiddenveggies.com says.com
42
74. Nicoise (nee-SWAHZ): foods cooked in the style of
Nice. These dishes may include garlic, Nicoise olives,
anchovies, tomatoes and green beans.
Salad Nicoise is the most famous of all these dishes,
consisting of potatoes, olives, green beans and
vinaigrette dressing.
43
75. Open- faced : culinary descriptor
used for “sandwich” consisting of one
slice of bread. Tastemade.com-Assorted
open- faced
indianmart.com
44
77. Paella ( pi- AY-yuh, pi-AYL- yuh)
Spanish rice dish. Only ingredients that are necessary for
paella are rice, tomatoes and saffron. Other ingredients
are chicken, chorizo, mussels, squid, peppers and beans.
Elaborate preparations include shrimp, lobster and duck.
45
78. Pancetta (pan- CHEH- tuh)
Italian bacon made from Cured,
pork belly that is rolled and tied.
This is not smoked.
Iga.net foodal.com
Doris,arket.com
46
80. Penne (PEN-nay)
quil- shaped pasta tubes
with smooth sides.
today.com- Marinara sauce
specialtyproduce.com
48
85. Remoulade (ray-muh-LAHD)
It is a classic French sauce made by
combining mayonnaise (usually homemade)
with mustard, capers and chopped
gherkins, herbs and anchovies. It is served
chilled as an accompaniment to cold meat, evolvingtable.com
dishinwithdi.com
Tumerandgeorge.co.uk
49
87. Risotto: An Italian preparation of
rice resulting in a creamy liaison with stock
and butter. This may be served as a first
course, main course or side dish and
embellished with meat, seafood, cheese or
vegetables. Goodtoknow.co.uk Risotto
Learnreligions.com
damndelicious.com
50
89. Roux: a mixture of flour and fat used
to thicken sauces, soups, and stews. Though
usually made with butter, it is also made with
bacon or poultry fats, margarine and vegetable
oil. The mixture is cooked for a brief time to
remove the raw taste of the starch from the flour.
countryfile.com
chowhound.com
51
91. Scallop: (SKAHL- uhp)
Popular bivalve (soft- bodied) mollusk
that has two shells hinged together
by a strong muscle. The meat is sweet
and moist. Its color ranges from eatwell.com.nz
inspiredtaste.net
52
93. Sea Bass: Can be found whole
and in steaks or fillets. Flesh is lean
to moderately fat.
Bbc.co.uk foxeslovelemon.com
53
95. Shank: The front leg of beef, veal,
lamb or pork. It is one of the toughest
meat on the animal and require long slow
cooking method such as braising
Recipes.instantpot.com
96. Sheperd’s pie: A dish of cooked
ground or diced meat (traditionally lamb
or mutton) mixed with gravy and topped
with mashed potatoes. The pie is then
baked until the mixture is hot and the
potato “crust” brown.
Delish.com
54
97. Shiittake: (shee-TAH-kay)
Mushroom has meaty flesh that has a
full- bodied bosky flavor.
planerorganic.com pinterest.com
Allrecipes.com eatsmarter.com
55
99. Tartare (tar-TAR):
Used to describe the preparation of
raw beef called steak tartare. Raw beef
is chopped finely and served with minced
onion, parsley, capers and seasoned with
anything from Worcestershire sauce to
Tabasco sauce. It is a mayonnaise based
sauce with capers, onions, hard cooked feedingthefiya.com
56
101. Thyme: (TIME) : several varieties
of this mint- family member. A bush with
gray – green leaves giving off a pungent
minty, light – lemon aroma.
Draxe.com Fresh Thyme mountainroseherb.com
57
104. Veal: Young calf . Their
delicate texture flesh is firm and
creamy white with pale grayish- pink
tinge. Its delicate flavor and fine texture
are its appeal.
Thespruceeats.com hankstruebbq.com
foodmac.com
58
106. Vinaigrette (vihn-uh- GREHT)
is a basic oil- and vinegar combination
generally used to dress salad and
greens and other cold vegetable,
meat or fish.
Dherbs.com
freehugger.com
59
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Yellow Blue Red
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ripe lemons. In the spectrum of the deep sea. It is located because of this it has historically
visible light, yellow is found between violet and green on the been associated with sacrifice,
between green and orange. optical spectrum. danger and courage.
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