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CIE IGCSE Chemistry

Maths in Chemistry REVISION

Core & Supplement

 22 19 0
3 17
20 4
72
48
21

11 Maths and numbers in 6

general are very
40
important in Chemistry. 16

10
9 Start this revision
lesson by finding the
number of protons in a 28

1
sodium atom 64
23
18 12
2 7 8
 Understanding check #1
By verbalising your
answer to a partner,
state the word which
could replace
“protons” in this
statement and would
still give 11 as the
answer
electrons
 KEY POINT

In an atom, the number

of positively-charged
protons is always the
same as the number of
negatively-charged
electrons
 Understanding check #2
In an atom, the number of positively-charged protons is always
the same as the number of negatively-charged electrons

State the overall charge of a sodium atom. You should make

reference to the sub-atomic particles in a sodium atom in
your answer (2 marks)

The overall charge of a sodium atom is neutral

because it contains 11 positively-charged
protons and 11 negatively-charged electrons
 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R1

Round 1 is going to run

throughout the lesson
and it’s all about the
quantitative parts of
Chemistry. This is
“Number Crazy”
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3 17
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21
This round of the competition will run
11 for the duration of the lesson so keep 6
your eyes peeled for this background.
40 A statement will appear in this circle
16
which has a numerical answer that is
shown somewhere on this slide.
9 8
Buzz in when you’ve spotted the
number and if you’re 1st and correct,
you’ll get 2 TEAM POINTS! 28

64
1
23
18 12
2 7
10
 -93 0
3 17
22 72 4

48
20
21

11 6

40
Electrons in a 16

9 sodium ion 8

28

10
64
1000
23
18 12
2 7
 KEY POINT

Ions contain a different

number of protons when
compared to electrons
and as a result, ions are
particles with a charge
 Understanding check #3
There are 10 electrons in a sodium ion

State the charge of a sodium ion and explain your

answer with reference to the number of sub-
atomic particles (2 marks)

A sodium ion has a 1+ charge because it

contains 11 positively-charged protons but
only 10 negatively-charged electrons
 22 19 0
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Negative charge 16

9 of a sulfide ion 8

28

10
64
1
23
18 12
2 7
 Understanding check #4
A the
Of sulfide ion has 3the
remaining same
noble electronic
gases, whichstructure as
one has the
which
same of the following
electronic structure noble gases?ion
as a sodium (1 mark)
(1 mark)

A helium

B neon
sodium ion = (2.8) and neon = (2.8)
C argon
sulfide ion = (2.8.8) and argon = (2.8.8)
D krypton
 KEY POINT

Ions containing more protons

than electrons will have a
positive charge whereas ions
containing more electrons
than protons will have a
negative charge. All ions have
the same electronic structure
as the noble gases
 YOUR TASK
Complete the table on the “Atoms and
ions” worksheet by adding the missing
symbol or formulae, the missing number
of protons, neutrons or electrons or the
missing electronic structure

If you do not feel confident with your knowledge of this

topic and would like some assistance, ask for a worksheet
labelled STARS
 13 13
N 7 (2, 5)
9 10 10 (2, 8)
Be2+ 5 2
D is the potassium atom and E is the
potassium ion
 This might prove useful……
At the start of your GCSE Chemistry exam,
you could write 1+, 2+, 2- and 1- at the top
of groups 1, 2, 6 and 7 of the Periodic
table. These charges can come in very
handy in a number of topics and one such
topic is the writing of chemical formulae
for ionic compounds…..
Write the chemical formula for sodium chloride

Write the formulae for each of the ions

Na 1+
Cl 1-

If there is the same amount of positive charge as

negative charge, simply cancel out and write out
what is left

Sodium chloride = NaCl

To write chemical formulae…

….when there isn’t the same amount of charge on

both ions…….

....use the transfer technique

Writing chemical formulae
magnesium chloride

If there is a different amount of positive charge

to negative charge, TRANSFER the numbers
between the substances

Mg 2+
Cl -

MgCl2
 Understanding check #5

Using the technique that you’ve

just seen, write down the chemical
formula for sodium oxide (1 mark)

Na2O
 This is actually fairly important……
You’ve recalled how to use the group of an atom
to work out the ion charge. However, some ions
don’t have an element in a (specific) group and
therefore their charges will need to be recalled…
Hydrogen = H+
Hydroxide = OH-
Carbonate = CO32-
Sulfate = SO42-
Nitrate = NO3-
 Explanation: Brackets in formulae
Unlike the examples we saw
earlier, these ions are charged
molecules which contain
more than one type of atom Name Ion
but the charge actually
Hydroxide OH-
applies to the whole ion.
Carbonate CO32-
Therefore, if there are more
Nitrate NO3-
than one of them in a Sulfate SO42-
chemical formula, in order to
make sure that the number
applies to the whole ion,
brackets must be included
Let’s try one more of these harder ones together..

Write the chemical formula for magnesium nitrate

Mg 2+
NO3 -

As the amount of charge is different, transfer the numbers and use

brackets to ensure that any number greater than one applies to the
whole ion

Mg(NO3)2
 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R2

Round 2 will
challenge you to
apply what you’ve
just recalled. So let’s
see who is on FORM
 “Are you on FORM?”
The name or formula of an ionic
compound will appear on the board.
• If the name appears, the 1st person
to buzz in with the correct formula
will get the 2 TEAM POINTS!
• If the chemical formula appears, the
1st person to buzz in with the correct
name will get the 2 TEAM POINTS!
“Are you on FORM?”

BeF2
beryllium fluoride
“Are you on FORM?”

CaCO3
calcium carbonate
“Are you on FORM?”

KBr
potassium bromide
 “Are you on FORM?”

Mg(OH)2
magnesium hydroxide
“Are you on FORM?”

Ca(NO3)2
calcium nitrate
“Are you on FORM?”

NaI
sodium iodide
 “Are you on FORM?”

MgBr2
magnesium bromide
“Are you on FORM?”

Li2O
lithium oxide
 Understanding check #6
An aluminium ion has the formula Al3+

Write the chemical formula for aluminium sulfate

(2 marks)

Al2(SO4)3
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20
21

11 6

40
Neutrons in a 16

9 sodium atom 8

28

10
64
1
23
18 12
2 7
 Using the Periodic Table

Nucleon 23 Number of protons +

number neutrons

Na
To calculate the number of neutrons, subtract the
proton number from the nucleon number
Proton 11 Number of protons
number Number of electrons
 Understanding check #7
State the number of each of the sub-atomic
particles in the following atoms (3 marks):

1. Lithium 3 protons, 4 neutrons, 3 electrons

2. Fluorine 9 protons, 10 neutrons, 9 electrons

3. Potassium 19 protons, 20 neutrons, 19 electrons

 So a lithium atom, a
fluorine atom and a
potassium atom will always
contain 3, 9 and 19 protons
respectively, but can the
same be said about the
number of neutrons…
 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R3

So ROUND 3 of today’s
quiz will test whether
your eyes are deceiving
you or not as you play “I
THINK I SAW ISOTOPES”
 I THINK I SAW ISOTOPES!
A diagram, description or formula of two substances
will appear on the board. But the simple question is,
are the substances shown on the board ISOTOPES of
each other?
Use your knowledge of atomic structure to spot the
ISOTOPES when they appear on the board, but not
before! If what is shown on the board are not
ISOTOPES , stay silent. Only buzz in when you see
ISOTOPES!
Any incorrect answers and you’ll lose 2 TEAM POINTS.
4 TEAM POINTS for the correct answer!
I THINK I SAW ISOTOPES!

C - 14 N - 14
I THINK I SAW ISOTOPES!

82 protons 82 protons
125 neutrons 125 neutrons
82 electrons 80 electrons
I THINK I SAW ISOTOPES!
I THINK I SAW ISOTOPES!
 Understanding check #8
Use the diagrams at the bottom to help you to copy and complete
the definition for isotopes (2 marks)

Isotopes are different atoms of the same element

protons (and
containing the same number of _________
neutrons
electrons) but different numbers of __________.
proton
Therefore, isotopes have the same ________ number
nucleon
but different ______ numbers
 KEY POINT

Isotopes have the

same properties
because they have
the same number of
electrons in their
outer shell
 Understanding check #9
When isotopes are represented in a question, they are
written with the chemical symbol of the element and then
their respective nucleon number such as C-14.

Use the statement above and the diagrams to

write the formulae of these two isotopes (2 marks)
Li-7 Li-8
 There has already
been a lot of talk
about atoms, ions and
formulae in this lesson
and it isn’t about to
stop now…
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Avogadro’s 16

9 constant 8

28

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1
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18 12
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 Understanding check #10
Use your own knowledge and the correct version of
the number from the previous slide to copy and
complete this passage (4 marks)

Avogadro’s law states that one _____

___________ mole of a
substance will contain the same number of particles
molecules
(atoms, ions, formulae or __________)
6.02 x 1023
and that amount is _______________
 Understanding check #11
Avogadro’s law states that one mole of a substance will
contain the same number of particles (atoms, ions,
formulae or molecules) and that amount is 6.02 x 1023

Use your completed statement to calculate the

number of atoms in 3 moles of O2 (2 marks)

3 x (6.02 x 1023) = 18.06 x 1023

= 1.806 x 1024
 This is actually fairly important……
As you’ve just seen, if the question
mentions one of the following particles
(atoms, ions, formulae or molecules), then
it is Avogadro’s constant that you use.
However, if it doesn’t include any of these
words, you will have to use a formula
which includes amount (in moles)
 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R4

Round 4 of today’s quiz

is going to test your
ability to complete
some important
equations as you have
to “Fill the VOID”
Fill the VOID!
This round of the competition
will run over the remainder of
this revision lesson, so keep your
eyes peeled for this title and
LES background. One of the
numerous equations that you
RU

need to know for the GCSE

Chemistry course will appear on
the board, but something will be
missing! Simply work out the
missing part and buzz in to Fill
the VOID!
2 TEAM POINTS for each correct
answer
 Fill the VOID!

#1

amount (moles) = mass ÷ Mr

 As well as recalling these equations for the
exams, you could also be challenged to
rearrange the formula to make one of the
other physical factors the subject of the
formula. As always with maths, a number of
methods can be used to get to the correct
answer. You could use an equation triangle or
the inverse operation method to find the
rearranged equation so let’s see how both
methods work to rearrange this moles
equation to make mass the subject…
 moles = mass ÷ Mr

Multiply both sides of the equation by Mr

moles x Mr = mass
If you are asked to calculate the mass,
cover up mass in the triangle
mass = moles x Mr
Now, if we want to
work out the equation

mass
for time taken, we
simply put our hand
over t in the triangle

moles Mr
 Considering that the
relative formula mass (Mr)
is involved in this equation,
let’s make sure that you’re
confident in calculating this
value so that you can use it
when required….
 22 19 0
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4
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44
20
21

11 6

40
Relative 16
formula mass
9 8
of CO2
28

10
64
1
23
18 12
2 7
 You need to use the mass number for each of the elements

CO2
There is one atom of There are two atoms
carbon so of oxygen so
C = 12 O2 = 16 x 2 = 32

Mr of CO2 = 12 + (16 x 2) = 44
 This is actually fairly important……
When you are normally asked to calculate
a mass, your teacher will be screaming at
you to remember to add a unit (g in
Chemistry or kg in Physics). However, this
is a relative formula mass and therefore no
units are required.
 Understanding check #12
Which of the following is the relative formula mass (Mr) of
sodium hydrogen nitrate which has the chemical formula
NaHNO3 (1 mark)
A 43
B 86
23 + 1 + 14 + (16 x 3) = 86
C 6
D 15456
 A POTENTIAL
MOLES EXAM
QUESTION

Calculate the
mass of 0.25
moles of KOH
Lets do this together…
Calculate the mass of 0.25 moles of KOH
As the word mass was used in the question, we know we have to
use the formula, mass = number of moles x Mr

Work out the Mr of KOH m = n x Mr

Mr = 39 + 16 + 1 m = 0.25 x 56
Mr = 56
m = 14g
 YOUR TASKS

Answer the 5 questions on the

worksheet about moles
Make sure you remember the hint:

 If the question mentions the number of atoms, ions, particles

or molecules, then use Avogadro’s constant

 If the question mentions number of moles or mass, then use

the equation
Calculate the number of atoms in 0.5 moles of Cu

THINK AVOGADRO

0.5 x (6.02 x 1023)

3.01 x 1023
Calculate the number of moles in 375g of CaCO3

Mr of CaCO3 = 100

375 ÷ 100 = 3.75

Calculate the mass of 1.5 moles of Na2O

Mr of Na2O = 62

1.5 x 62 = 93g
Calculate the number of molecules in 15 moles of H2O

THINK AVOGADRO

15 x (6.02 x 1023)

90.3 x 1023 = 9.03 x 1024

Calculate the relative formula mass of a compound when a mass
of 2.6g is equal to 0.1 moles

Mr = m ÷ n

Mr = 26
 Understanding check #13
If the relative formula mass of a compound is 26 when a
mass of 2.6g is equal to 0.1 moles, which of the following is
the chemical formula of the compound? (1 mark)
A NH3
B LiF
C NaOH
D NHNO3
 This might just prove useful……
As you recalled earlier in the lesson, some chemical
formulae contain brackets. When calculating the
relative formula mass for one of these substances, you
might want to remember BAF. This reminds you to
calculate the mass in the brackets 1st, then multiply this
by the number after and finally add it to the mass of
the atoms at the front

Mg(NO3)2
 Understanding check #14
Calculate the relative formula mass of the following
compounds. Make sure you show all of your working
(4 marks)

1. Mg(NO3)2
NO3 = 14 + (16 x3) = 62 62 x 2 = 124 124 + 24 = 148

2. Al2(SO4)3

SO4 = 32 + (16 x4) = 96 96 x 3 = 288 288 + (27 x 2) = 342

 It has been known for a
question to require you
to use a combination of
both Avogadro’s constant
and the formula to
calculate the amount in
moles….
 A POSSIBLE
EXAM QUESTION

Calculate the
number of atoms
in 51g of NH3
(3 marks)
Let’s try this together…

Calculate the number of atoms in 51g of NH3

Work out the amount of moles in this sample

amount = mass ÷ Mr
amount = 51 ÷ 17 = 3 moles

If 1 mole contains 6.02 x 1023 atoms, then simply multiply

Avogadro’s constant by the number of moles (3)

(6.02 x 1023) x 3
= 1.806 x 1024
 YOUR TASKS

Answer the more

difficult moles questions
on your worksheet

Once you’ve read through the questions, if you are unable

to begin, then ask for another worksheet labelled STARS
which will get you started
Calculate the number of ions in 40g
of Fe2O3 (3 marks)

amount = mass ÷ Mr
amount = 40 ÷ 160 = 0.25 moles
(6.02 x 1023) x 0.25
= 1.505 x 1023
A sample of KOH has 4.816 x1024
particles. Calculate the mass of
this sample (3 marks)

(4.816 x 1024) ÷ (6.02 x 1023)

= 8 moles
mass = amount x Mr
mass = 8 x 56 = 848g
A sample of Mg(NO3)2 has 6.02
x1022 molecules. Calculate the
mass of this sample (3 marks)

(6.02 x 1022) ÷ (6.02 x 1023)

= 0.1 moles
mass = amount x Mr
mass = 0.1 x 148 = 14.8g
 This police officer was laying
down a (Chemistry) law
when she was interrupted by
a call on her radio…

“No atoms are lost or

made…..

Make sure that this Maths in Chemistry

revision lesson keeps moving along just as it
was by identifying this law and finishing it off
 The law of conservation of mass
states that no atoms are lost or
made during a chemical reaction
so the mass of the products equals
the mass of the reactants
 MAKE THE LINK!
You have 5 minutes to discuss as a class
The law of conservation of mass states that no atoms are lost or made
The law of the conservation of
during a chemical reaction so the mass of the products equals the mass
of the reactants
mass means that chemical
symbol equations
What is the must
link between balance
the law above
andin
theterms ofsymbol
chemical the numbers of
equation below?
atoms of each element involved
on bothNa sides
+ O2of
the
Na2O equation
 KEY POINT

To balance an equation,
you put a number in front
of a substance (written in
normal script) and this is
known as a multiplier
 KEY POINT

This multiplies all of

the atoms in that
substance by that
number
 There are 2 atoms of
There is 1 atom of
oxygen on the left
oxygen on the right hand
hand side of this
side of this equation
equation

And only 1 atom of Now there are 4 atoms

sodium on the left of sodium on the right

4
…Na 2 2O
+ …O2  …Na

So where should we put a number? And which

number is needed to balance the equation?
Let’s try one more together…

3 H2 + N2  2 NH3
 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R5

Round 5 and let’s

see whose inner ear
is working properly.
This is “IN the
BALANCE”
 IN the BALANCE!
An unbalanced symbol equation will appear on the board.
Your only task is to balance the equation, either in your
head or on paper. Once you’ve done this, buzz in.

In order to get the 2 TEAM POINTS available you must…..

• Read out your correctly balanced symbol equation

Let’s do an example first

 IN the BALANCE!

From now on, it’s for real

2 Li + Cl -> 2 LiCl
and each one is worth 2
2

TEAM POINTS!
 IN the BALANCE!

CH4 (g) + H2O (g) ⇌ CO (g) + 3 H2 (g)

 IN the BALANCE!

2 K + 2 HCl --> 2 KCl + H2

 IN the BALANCE!

2 SiO2 (g) + O2 (g) ⇌ 2 SiO3 (g)

 IN the BALANCE!

4 Al + 3 O2  2 Al2O3
 IN the BALANCE!

C3H8 + 5 O2  3 CO2 + 4 H2O

 IN the BALANCE!

Fe2O3 + 3 CO  2 Fe + 3 CO2
 YOUR TASKS
Chemical symbol equations must balance by having the same
numbers of atoms of each element on both sides of the equation. If
an equation is not balanced, place multipliers in front of substances
to multiply all of the atoms in that substance by that number until
the equation balances

Balance the 7 symbol equations on the worksheet

The equations get slightly harder and harder as you go along. Start
at number 1 but if you find that you are unable to do any, ask for a
worksheet labelled STARS which has some of the multipliers added
already
 2Ca + O2  2CaO

2Fe + 3Cl2  2FeCl3

CaCO3 + 2HCl  CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O

CH4 + 2O2  CO2 + 2H2O

2NaOH + H2SO4  Na2SO4 + 2H2O

2C2H4 + 3O2  2CO + 4H2O

2C4H10 + 13O2  8CO2 + 10H2O

 As well as being able to
balance symbol
equations, you will need
to be able to identify a
molar ratio in the
equation when asked to
calculate a mass….
 A POTENTIAL EXAM
QUESTION

“Calculate the mass of

lithium oxide that is
produced when 8g of
oxygen reacts”

4Li + O2  2Li2O
 1
Calculate the amount of moles
of the substance given in g
 4Li + O2  2Li2O
Mr of O2 = 16 x 2 = 32

amount (mol) = mass ÷ Mr

amount (mol) = 8 ÷ 32

amount = 0.25 moles

Calculate the mass of lithium oxide that is

produced when 8g of oxygen reacts
 2
Use the balanced symbol
equation to identify the molar
ratio and then calculate the
amount of the other substance
 4Li + O2  2Li2O
O2 : 2Li2O

1:2

amount = 0.25 x 2 = 0.5 moles

Calculate the mass of lithium oxide that is

produced when 8g of oxygen reacts
 3
Use the answer to step 2 and the
relative formula mass (Mr) to
calculate the mass
 4Li + O2  2Li2O
Mr of Li2O = (7 x 2) + 16 = 30

mass = amount x Mr

mass = 0.5 x 30

mass = 15g

Calculate the mass of lithium oxide that is

produced when 8g of oxygen reacts
 YOUR TASKS

Using this method or an

alternative, calculate the
masses in the four
questions on the
worksheet
Calculate the mass of iron needed to
make 16.25g of iron chloride

Mr of FeCl3 = 162.5

amount (mol) = 16.25 ÷ 162.5

amount = 0.1 mole

2Fe + 3Cl2  2FeCl3

The ratio of Fe : FeCl3 is 2 : 2

0.1 mole of Fe is needed

Mr of Fe = 56

mass = 0.1 x 56

mass = 5.6g
 Calculate the mass of potassium
needed to make 20.0g of hydrogen

Mr of H2 = 2

amount (mol) = 20 ÷ 2

amount = 10 moles

2K + 2HCl  2KCl + H2

The ratio of K : H2 is 2 : 1

20 moles of K is needed

Mr of K = 39

mass = 20 x 39

mass = 780g
Calculate the mass of magnesium nitrate
that is produced when 6.3g of nitric acid
reacts

Mr of HNO3 = 63

amount (mol) = 6.3 ÷ 63

amount = 0.1 mole

Mg+ 2HNO3  Mg(NO3)2 + H2

The ratio of HNO3 : Mg(NO3)2 is 2 : 1

0.05 moles of Mg(NO3)2 is produced

Mr of Mg(NO3)2 = 148

mass = 0.05 x 148

mass = 7.4g
Calculate the mass of ammonia that is
produced when 6g of hydrogen reacts

Mr of H2 = 2

amount (mol) = 6 ÷ 2

amount = 3 moles

N2 + 3H2  2NH3

The ratio of H2 : NH3 is 3 : 2

2 moles of NH3 is produced

Mr of NH3 = 17

mass = 2 x 17

mass = 34g
 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R6

Round 6 and seeing as this

is a Maths in Chemistry
revision lesson, we were
sure to have a round of
“YOU DO THE MATH!”
YOU DO THE MATH!
On the next slide, there are 3 masses.
Calculate the amount in moles in each
mass and then find the product of the
three answers and then buzz in.
If you’re correct, you’ll get 3 TEAM
POINTS!

YOU DO THE MATH!

YOU DO THE MATH!

120g of
24
120g of 126g of
ButLiwhat
O does this
Ca number have
HNO
2 3
to do with the topic of moles?
Take 2 minutes to discuss

YOU DO THE MATH!

 KEY POINT

The volume occupied

by one mole of
molecules of any gas
at RTP is 24dm3 or
24000cm3
 Fill the VOID!

#2

volume = amount (moles) x 24

 Understanding check #15
By applying a similar approach to the calculating
masses questions, answer the gas calculation
question below

1.31g of zinc reacts with excess sulphuric acid.

Calculate the volume of hydrogen produced at
RTP

Zn (s) + H2SO4 (g)  ZnSO4 (aq) + H2 (g)

1.31g of zinc reacts with excess sulphuric
acid. Calculate the volume of hydrogen
produced at RTP

amount = mass ÷ Mr
amount (Zn)= 1.31 ÷ 65.4 = 0.02
moles
Zn : H2
1:1
0.02 moles of H2
volume = 0.02 x 24 = 0.48dm3
 22 19 0
3 17
4
72
48
20
21

11 To convert a 6

40 volume in cm3 16
to dm3, you
9 8
have to divide
by this 28

10
64
1000
23
18 12
2 7
 YOUR TASK
There is one more gas calculation to try
which is fairly difficult. If you feel
confident in your ability to complete
these calculations, ask for a worksheet
labelled CIRCLES

Once you’ve read through the question, if you are unable to begin
then ask for a worksheet labelled STARS which gives some extra
pointers
 C3H8 + 5O2  3CO2 + 4H2O

volume = moles x 24
volume ÷ 24 = moles
moles of CO2 = 3.60 ÷ 24 = 0.15

5O2 : 3CO2
5:3
(0.15 ÷ 3) x 5 = 0.25 moles of O2

Volume of O2 = 0.25 x 24 = 6dm3

unreacted volume = 7.25 – 6 = 1.25dm3
volume of O2 = 1.25 x 1000 = 1250cm3
 Fill the VOID!

#3

concentration = amount (moles) ÷ volume

 The concentration of a solution can be
measured in either g/dm3 or mol/dm3.

When the question requires to give you the

concentration in mol/dm3, you need to:

• use moles = mass ÷ Mr to work out the

number of moles

• then use concentration = moles ÷ volume to

work out the concentration
 Understanding check #16
Calculate the concentration, in mol/dm3, when:
1. 0.450g of NaCl is dissolved in 50.0cm3 of solution. Give
the answer to 3 significant figures (3 marks)
50 ÷ 1000 = 0.05dm3
0.45 ÷ 58.5 = 0.008 moles
0.008 ÷ 0.05 = 0.16mol/dm3
2. 15.95g of copper (II) sulphate (CuSO4) is dissolved in
200cm3 of solution (3 marks)
200 ÷ 1000 = 0.2dm3
15.95 ÷ 159.5 = 0.1 moles
0.1 ÷ 0.2 = 0.5mol/dm3
 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R7

In round 7, called THE BIG

REVEAL, the letters of a key
word will appear 1 by 1. If
you are the 1st to recognise
the word, 2 TEAM POINTS
will be yours!
THE BIG REVEAL

The empirical formula of a chemical

E _____
M _____
compound
_____ Pis_____
I simplest
the R _____
_____ C _____
I ratio*
_____ Aof _____
L
the
elements present in the compound

Will you be
the first to
get it?
 This is actually fairly important……
*It has to be a ratio of positive integers.
Therefore, if you are left with a ratio containing
decimals, you will then need to multiply up to
get whole numbers

e.g. if you were left with FeO1.5 then multiply

both by 2 to get Fe2O3
 Understanding check #17
The molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6

Use this molecular formula to deduce

the empirical formula of glucose
(1 mark)

CH2O
 Understanding check #18
5.1g of vanadium reacts with oxygen to make a
metal oxide with a total mass of 9.1g

By using the relative atomic masses

(Ar) of 51 for vanadium and 16 for
oxygen, calculate the empirical
formula of the metal oxide (3 marks)
 V O
Reacting mass
5.1 9.1 - 5.1 = 4.0
Reacting mass ÷ Ar
5.1 ÷ 51 = 0.1 4 ÷ 16 = 0.25
Divide both by smallest
number 0.1 ÷ 0.1 = 1 0.25÷0.1 = 2.5
A reminder that the empirical formula is the simplest ratio of the atoms of the
elements in the compound. Therefore, it cannot be left with a decimal!

Multiply all by 2

V2O5
 22 0
3 17 -93
4
72
48
20
21

11
Energy change 6

40
in the forward 16

9 reaction of the 8

Haber process 28

10
64
1000
23
18 12
2 7
 Understanding check #19
The energy change in the forward reaction is -93kJ/mol
Identify whether the forward reaction is endothermic or
exothermic and the correct description for this type of
reaction (2 marks)
A endothermic

B exothermic

C More energy is taken in to break existing bonds

than is given out when new bonds are formed
D Less energy is taken in to break existing bonds
than is given out when new bonds are formed
 YOUR TASK
The forward reaction in the Haber Process is
exothermic with an energy change of -93kJ/mol
Prove that this is the energy change by
working out the number and types of bonds
in the forward reaction and then using the
bond energy values to calculate the energy
change
 N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) ⇌ 2NH3 (g)

(1 x N≡N) + (3 x H-H)  6 x N-H

945 + 1308  2346

2253 – 2346 = -93kJ/mol

 YOUR TASK
Answer question 2 on the
calculating energy changes
worksheet by working out
whether the decomposition of
water is an endothermic or
exothermic reaction
 2H2O  2H2 + O2

(4 x O-H)  (2 x H-H) + (1 x O=O)

1856  872 + 498

1856 – 1370 = +486kJ/mol

This is an endothermic reaction

 CIE IGCSE
MATHS IN CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ R8

The 8th and final round

is all about getting the
right combination as
you compete to
“UNLOCK THE MATHS
IN CHEMISTRY SAFE”
 UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!
The man who owns this safe changes the
combination constantly and he always
uses numbers to do with CIE IGCSE
CHEMISTRY.
As he is fairly forgetful, he always writes a
hint to the combination on a post-it note.
In this final round, the post-it note will
appear and your task is to work out the
missing numbers for the combination. As
soon as you know the missing numbers,
buzz in and if you’re right, you will get 2
TEAM POINTS
? ? ? ?
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

t ro n s
s, n e u
ro to n s in a
P c t ro n
d e le o m
an g e n a t
hydr o

1 0 1
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

t ro n s
s , n e u
o to n i n t he
Pr t ro n s
l e c
and e tope H-3
iso

1 2 1
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

e n t s
t e l em
ffe re n s i n
Di l a t o m
d to ta
an ( S O )
A2l 4 3

3 17
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

o f th e
m b e r
u p n u t h e
Gro e t a ls ,
lk a li m th e
a s a n d
lo g e n s
ha e g a se
no b l

1 7 0
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

c t ro n
Ele o f a n
ra ti o n t
fig u m e n
con the e l e
m o f r io d 4
ato p 1 , p e
o u
in gr

2 8 8 1
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

t o m s
b o n a
e r ca r o n
Ot h h ca r b
a t e ac h i n
th s w it
b o n d
ato m d a n d
m o n
dia h i te
gra p

4 3
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

ro ge n
d hyd
o n a n n e
Ca rb b u ta
m s i n
at o

4 10
UNLOCK THE MATHS IN CHEMISTRY SAFE!

ge o f
e n ta
Perc nd oxygen
ge n a ir
ni t ro , d r y a
c l e a n
in

78 21
 Understanding check #20

The composition of clean, dry air is approximately 78%

nitrogen and 21% oxygen

By verbalising your answer to a partner, recall the

other two gases that make up the remainder
(2 marks)

A mixture of noble gases and

carbon dioxide
 So that’s it, the
competition is
over and the
points have been
tallied. This
year’s MATHS IN
CHEMISTRY
REVISION QUIZ
CHAMPIONS MIC
CHAMPIONS

are......
 Whether you are a member of the
winning team or in a team that came
slightly lower down the ladder, the
real winners will be those who take
note of all of the KEY POINTS and
the helpful hints and makes use of
them in their revision!
Best of luck for your exams!