UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE

PAKISTAN

INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY & MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Tensile Strength

Effect of Dendrite arm spacing on tensile strength of cast iron

 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE
PAKISTAN

INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY & MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Tensile Strength:
Tensile strength can be defined as the maximum stress that a material can
bear before breaking when it is allowed to be stretched or pulled.

Tensile Strength of Cast iron :

• (90-1650) MPA

Effect of Dendrite arm spacing on tensile strength of cast iron:

• When the DAS decreases, the tensile strength of the cast iron increases.

• When DAS decreases from 150 microns to below 50 microns, the tensile
strength of the cast iron increases from 150-200 MPa to 250-350 MPa.

• This demonstrates the significant effect that DAS can have on the mechanical
properties of cast iron, particularly its tensile strength

https://www.corrosionpedia.com/definition/494/tensile-strength
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE
PAKISTAN

INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY & MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Microstructure:
The microstructural changes that affect
• tensile strength
Include,
• the size,
• shape, and
• distribution of the graphite flakes in the cast iron,
• as well as the spacing between dendrites. Microstructure of the cast iron used in the
study: ferrite, pearlite, spheroidal graphite.
Magnification ×200, etched in 4% HNO 3
 A smaller DAS can result in a more uniform
distribution of graphite flakes and a finer grain
structure, which can improve the tensile strength of
the cast iron.

Dendrite arm spacing

https://www.jstor.org/stable/44468056
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE
PAKISTAN

INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY & MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Ductility

Effect of Dendrite arm spacing on ductility of cast iron

 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE
PAKISTAN

INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY & MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Ductility:
Ductility is the ability of a material to deform under tensile stress by stretching or
elongating without breaking. It is an important mechanical property that determines a
material's ability to undergo plastic deformation before failure.

Effect of Dendrite arm spacing on ductility of cast iron

• When DAS decreases, the ductility of the cast iron decreases as well.

• When DAS decreases from above 150 microns to below 50 microns, the ductility
of the cast iron decreases from 2-4% elongation to 0.5-1% elongation.

https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJSI-05-2020-0048/full/htm
 UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB LAHORE
PAKISTAN

INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY & MATERIALS ENGINEERING

Microstructure:
A decrease in DAS can lead to a decrease in the spacing between dendrites, which can
• increase the strength of the material,
• but can also reduce its ductility.

Microstructure of the cast iron used in the study: ferrite, Dendrite arm spacing
pearlite, spheroidal graphite. Magnification ×200, etched
in 4% HNO 3

https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJSI-05-2020-0048/full/htm