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Anachronism
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Probationary
Experimental

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SURVEY, EXPERIMENT
AND OBSERVATION
Presented by GROUP 6
Objectives
DEFINING

EXAMPLE

ACTIVITY
 SURVEY
It is a summary of all responses that were collected in a
simple and visual appealing manner. It is a type of
academic writing that uses research to provide
information about a topic. It involves questions that are
formulated based on the research objectives, to be
answered by the respondents and later be analyzed.
 SURVEY
Surveys provide a critical source of data
and insights for everyone engaged in the
information economy, from businesses to
media, to government and academics.
 3 steps in conducting a survey
SURVEY
The very aim of conducting a survey
is to present and explain the actual
experiences of a certain population • EMAIL
• TELEPHONE
• PERSONAL
INTERVIEW
Example of 3 different types of Survey

Online Survey Paper Survey Personal Interview

 EXPERIMENT
Experimental research is a study that strictly adheres to
a scientific research design. It includes a hypothesis, a
variable that can be manipulated by the researcher, and
variables that can be measured, calculated and
compared.
 EXPERIMENT
In a strict sense it is what we call True Experimental
research seeks to determine a relationship between two (2)
variables—the dependent variable and the independent
variable.
WHAT IS A SCIENTIFIC METHOD?
The Scientific Method is a series of organized steps to
which an experiment is done. The Scientific Method helps
you plan, predict, research, conclude and maybe even
publish your findings. The Scientific Method will make
your experiment more organized, easy to interpret and
learn from.
 The steps to the Scientific Method are:
1) Pose a Testable Question.
2) Conduct Background Research.
3) State your Hypothesis.
4) Design Experiment.
5) Perform your Experiment.
6) Collect Data.
7) Draw Conclusions.
8) Publish Findings (optional).
 OBSERVATION
Observations is used to describe the behavior of a
subject. As the name suggest, it is a way of collecting
relevant information and data by observing.
 OBSERVATION
Is a data collection method, by gathering knowledge
of the researched phenomenon through making
observations.

It may take place in a natural setting involve the

researcher taking lengthy and descriptive notes.
TYPES OF OBSERVATION

1. Controlled Observations
2. Naturalistic Observations
3. Participant Observations
Controlled
observations
(usually structured
observation) are
likely to be carried
out in a
psychology
laboratory.
Naturalistic
Observation involves
observing and
studying the
spontaneous
behavior of
participants in
natural surroundings
Participant
observation is a
variant of the above
(natural observations)
but here, the
researcher joins in and
becomes part of the
group they are
studying to get a
deeper insight into
their lives.
EXAMPLES
Take Note…

SURVEY EXPERIMENTA OBSERVATIONS

L
• Best for Opinions • Best for determining • Best for determining
cause and effect correlation
• Need to select between 2
participants • Apply treatments variable
randomly to avoid randomly decides
bias in the results. which subject gets • No interference
We want a good treatment vs. no with participants,
representation of treatment observe only.
the whole
population.
ACTIVITY
Test I: Identify the situations that describe Survey, Experiment or
Observation.
Test II: . Write T if it is correct, and F, if otherwise.
1. In a survey, it is important to assign subjects to treatments
randomly in order to make cause – effect conclusions.
2. Survey involves questions that are formulated based on the
research objective, to be answered by respondents and later
analyzed using appropriate data analysis methods.
3. Without good writing skills, the survey report is at risk of being
misrepresented or not explained well.
4. In experiment, you will randomly select people and you need
to split them into groups, and they will now your control
group.