Discipline and Ideas

in Social Sciences
❖What is Social Sciences?
❖Give the branches of Social
Sciences
❖Elements of Social Sciences
❖Natural Sciences and Humanities
Branches of Social Sciences

● Anthropology
● Archaeology
● Economics
● Geography
● History
● Law
● Politics
● Psychology
● Sociology
Natural Science
Are a group of disciplines that
study the physical world and all
the phenomena in nature.
Humanities
Include: Art, music, Law,
Philosophy, religion, gender and
women’s studies
 LESSON 2 Explain the major events and its
contribution that led to the emergence
EMERGENCE OF SOCIAL of the social science disciplines.
SCIENCE DISCIPLINES
Definitions of Social Sciences, Natural Sciences, and
Humanities Social Sciences

Social Sciences

A branch of science devoted to the study of societies and the

relationships
among individuals within those societies. “Social sciences as those
mental or
cultural sciences which deal with the activities of the individual as
member of the
group. The term social sciences thus embrace all those subjects which
deal with
the relationship of man to the society.
Natural Sciences

A major branch of science that deals with the

description, prediction and
understanding of natural phenomena, basically
based on observational and
empirical evidence.
Two Main Branches of Natural Sciences
Branches of Natural Science
Description
1. Life Science/Biological Science
It studies life in all its forms, past and present. This includes plants, animals, viruses and
bacteria, single-celled organisms, and even cells.

2. Physical Science
This is the systematic study of the inorganic world, as distinct from the study of organic world,
which is the province of biological science.

a. Physics
The science in which matter and energy are studied both separately and in combination with
one another.
both separately and in combination with one another.
b. Astronomy
The scientific study of celestial objects (such as stars, planets, comets, and galaxies) and
phenomena that originate outside the Earth’s atmosphere (such as the cosmic background
radiation).
c. Chemistry
The study of matter and its transformations and the development of methods to manipulate those
transformations to create new and useful forms of matter.

d. Earth Science
The study of the Earth and its neighbors in space. It is an exciting science with many interesting
and practical applications.

Humanities

- refers to the study of the ways in which the human experience is processed and
documented.

- encompasses the field of philosophy, literature, religion, art, music, history, and language.
Social Sciences and Natural Sciences

Things in Common
- both sciences employ the scientific model in order to gain
information.
- both sciences use empirical and measured data evidence
that can be seen and discerned by senses.
- both sciences’ theories can be tested to yield theoretical
statements and general positions.
Differences of Social Sciences and Natural Sciences
Social Science
● Arose 300 years later
● Deals with subject (human being)
● It is spontaneous, unpredictable and
uncontrollable, as it deals with human
emotions and behavior.
● Experiential Data
● Typically involves alternative methods of
observation and interaction with people
within community.
● Open system
Natural Science
● Started during the 16th and 17th century.
● Deals with object.
● Characterized by exactness, controlled
variables, and predictability.
● Experimental Data
● The typical method of science is doing
repetitive and conventional laboratory
experiments.
● Closed system
Social Science and Humanities

Things in Common

Both the humanities and social science are concerned with human aspects
like Law, Politics, Linguistics, Economics, and Psychology as well as
human lives and nature.
Differences of Social Sciences and Humanities
Social Science
● Influenced by and developed after the
French Revolution and the Industrial
Revolution
● Social Science deals with more
Scientific approach.
● Involves application of an empirical,
rational, and objective methodology
(such as the use of validity and reliability
test) to present facts.
Humanities
● Emerged in the 15th century.
● Humanities involved more of a scientific
approach.
● Deemed to be more philosophical and
concerned with heritage and the question
of what makes us human. It comprises
the application of an interpretative
methodology.
Functions of Social Sciences and Humanities

Social Science Humanities

❖ To analyze, explain , and possibly
predict and produce new knowledge
of factual information.
❖ To generate and produce new
knowledge or factual information
❖ To better appreciate the meaning
and purpose of the human
experience
❖ Both broadly in the nature of the
human condition, as well as within
each individual.