Crop

Production
Presentation
on
Crop
Production

Submitted To :- Submitted By :-
Sukhwinder Kaur Mam Name :- Akshay Bithal
Class :- 8th E
Roll No :- 4
 index
science hindi
फसल किसे कहते हैं ।
 Basic Practices of Crop
रबी की फसलें
Production
math
Geography
Pie-chart
Magar Crop Area Bar Graphic

history arts
History of CROP Music
English Yeh Desh Hai Veer Jawanon
Ka full song
WHAT IS CROP ?
 Types of CROP :- punjabi
ਫਸਲ ਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਕਹਿੰ ਦੇ ਹਨ?
 Science
Basic Practices of Crop
Production

Crop: When plants of the same kind are grown and cultivated at one place on a large
scale is called as a crop.
• Crops are also classified on the basis of the seasons as given below:
▸ Kharif Crops: The crops which are grown during the monsoon (rainy) season
(June-September) are called kharif crops. For example, maize, millet (bajra) and
cotton crops. Seeds of these crops are sown in the beginning of the monsoon season.
After maturation, these crops are harvested at the end of the monsoon season (Oct.-
Nov.).
▸ Rabi Crops: Crops which are grown during the winter season (October-March) are
called rabi crops. For example, wheat, gram and mustard. Seeds of these crops are
sown in the beginning of the winter season. After maturation of crops, they are
harvested at the end of the winter season (April-May).
Basic Practices of Crop Production
▸ Preparation of Soil: Before sowing the crop seeds, the soil of fields is loosened and
overturned.
This process is called ploughing or tilling. Ploughing causes ventilation of soil and
makes it suitable for the growth of small organisms living in it.
▸ Plough: A large farming implement with one or more blades fixed in a frame, used to
turn over and cut furrows in soil, is called plough. Plough may be made of only wood, wood
and iron, and of iron only (Fig. 1.1).
▸ Ploughshare: The main cutting blade of a plough.
▸ Hoe: A tool which is used for removing weeds and for loosening the soil.
▸ Cultivator: Nowadays ploughing is done by a tractor driven cultivator. The use of
cultivator saves labour and time (Fig. 1.2).
Geography
Regional distribution of major crops of
the world. The world is divided into 24
agriculturally and culturally distinct
regions. For each region, in a pie chart,
we present the proportions of the top
five most common crops (here we
include minor crops, ones for which
census data were collected, but for
which no spatial data sets were
generated). For completeness, we
include the Islands as a region (defined
as any island in the world with an area
less than 5000 km2) although they are
not part of our spatial maps or the
discussion. The information for the
Islands arises purely from the census
data.
About 14% of the total cropped area in the country is under wheat cultivation.
Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Madhya Pradesh are wheat
producing states.
The coarse cereals together occupy about 16.50% of total cropped area in the
country.
Maharashtra alone contributes to more than half of the total jowar production of
the country.
Bajra occupies about 5.2% of total cropped area in the country.
Maharashtra, Gujarat, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, and Haryana are the
leading Bajra producer states.
Maize is a food as well as fodder crop grown under the semi-arid climatic
conditions and over inferior soils.
 history

Likewise, prehistoric cropping in Europe, Asia, and Africa proceeded

from simple gathering of grains from wild stands to intentional
propagation, often with planting sticks. However, by 4000 BC, the first
farmers in Europe (the Linearbandkeramik) were using ox-drawn
ploughs to dramatically expand their cropping, as were the societies in
China at that time
 Against this background, the
European colonial powers took the
modern plough to North and South
America, Asia, and Africa, where it
became an important tool for the
development of newly cultivated land.
But it took many decades to discover
that the same tool that brought food
and wealth to Europe (temporarily)
would bring soil erosion and
degradation to the warmer
environments.
Often the experts (mainly from Europe) have spread the
misconception that tillage makes the soil fertile and therefore cannot
be replaced. They have not understood the significance of soil erosion,
as well as intensive weathering under hot, humid conditions. This has
resulted in widespread erosion of soils all over the world. Economic
interests and the inexperience of some of the expatriate experts (first
from the colonial powers and later the aid-donor countries) have
spread the culture of the plough to developing countries, while the
native methods have been classified as primitive and unproductive.
 english

WHAT IS CROP ?
When plants of the same kind are grown and
cultivated at one place on a large scale, it is called a
CROP.

For example, crop

of wheat means
that all the plants
grown in a field are
that of wheat.
 Types of CROP :-

(i) KHARIF CROPS :-

(ii) RABI CROP :-

 hindi

फसल किसे कहते हैं ।

फसलों (Crop) की खेती करने में भूमि विकार (Soil Sickness) एक मुख्य समस्या रही है
। जब एक खेत में निरन्तर एक ही फसल ली जाती है,
तो उस फसल (Crop) के रोगजनक (Soil Borne Pathogens) भूमि में सुगमता से
चिरकालिक बने रहते हैं और उनकी संख्या में अधिक वृद्धि (Growth) होती रहती है ।
रबी की फसलें
अनाज
जौ
ग्राम
रेपसीड
सरसों
फल
सूची इस प्रकार है। ये फसलों के बजाय रबी की फसलें हैं क्योंकि
यह शब्द आमतौर पर वार्षिक पर लागू होता है न कि बारहमासी
के लिए
के ला
[बेर]
तारीख
अंगूर
चकोतरा
 Math

The bar graph shows the production (in

thousand tonnes) of Wheat, Rice and Maize in
different states.

The pie-chart shows the percentage of

agricultural land in the given six states.
Productivity =

1.The productivity of which state is the

maximum ?
1. Bihar 2. Haryana 3. Punjab 4.
UP 5. MP
 Crop Area
Similarly, during the Kharif season (i.e. post-lockdown period), as per the sowing
progression data of 17 July 2020, there was an increase in overall crop sowing of
21.2%, compared to the same period in 2019. All crops/crop groups together
showed an increase of more than 12%, while Kharif pulses and oilseeds showed an
increase of more than 30%. As per government statistics, 4.8 million ha higher
Kharif area coverage was reported in 2020 (as on 1 October), i.e. 112.2 million ha
as compared to 107.3 million ha of the previous year. More area coverage was
reported for rice, pigeon pea, mung bean, groundnut, soybean and cotton.
ART
 Music

Song
Jai Jawan Jai Kissan- (biharmirchi.in)
 ਫਸਲ ਨੂੰ ਕੀ ਕਹਿੰ ਦੇ ਹਨ?

ਫਸਲਾਂ ਉਹ ਫਸਲਾਂ ਹਨ ਜੋ ਸਮੇਂ ਦੇ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਪੌਦੇ ਜਾਂ ਰੁੱ ਖਾਂ ਤੇ ਮਨੁੱ ਖਾਂ ਅਤੇ ਘਰੇਲੂ ਪਸ਼ੂਆਂ ਦੀ ਖਪਤ ਲਈ
ਕਟਾਈ ਜਾਂ ਕਟਾਈਆਂ ਜਾਂਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ. ਉਦਾਹਰਣ ਵਜੋਂ, ਇੱ ਕ ਕਣਕ ਦੀ ਫਸਲ ਤਿਆਰ ਹੁੰ ਦੀ ਹੈ ਜਦੋਂ
ਇਸਦੇ ਅਨਾਜ ਪੱ ਕੇ ਹੁੰ ਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਸੁਨਹਿਰੀ ਹੁੰ ਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਉਸ ਸਮੇਂ ਇੱ ਕ ਖੇਤ ਵਿੱ ਚ ਉਗ ਰਹੇ ਸਾਰੇ
ਕਣਕ ਦੇ ਪੌਦੇ ਕੱ ਟੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਉਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਦਾਣੇ ਵੱ ਖ ਕਰ ਦਿੱ ਤੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ. ਅੰ ਬ ਦੀ ਫਸਲ ਵਿਚ ਅੰ ਬ
ਇਕ ਬਗੀਚੇ ਵਿਚ ਦਰੱ ਖਤਾਂ ਤੇ ਪੱ ਕਣੇ ਸ਼ੁਰੂ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ ਅਤੇ ਬਿਨਾਂ ਰੁੱ ਖਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਨੁਕਸਾਨ ਪਹੁੰ ਚਾਏ ਫਲ ਫੜ
ਕੇ ਚੁਣੇ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ। ਖੇਤੀਬਾੜੀ ਦੀ ਸ਼ੁਰੂਆਤ ਤੋਂ ਲੈ ਕੇ, ਬਹੁਤ ਸਾਰੇ ਮਨੁੱ ਖਾਂ ਦੇ ਜੀਵਨ ਵਿਚ ਫਸਲਾਂ ਬਹੁਤ
ਮਹੱ ਤਵਪੂਰਨ ਰਹੀਆਂ ਹਨ. ਉਦਾਹਰਣ ਦੇ ਤੌਰ ਤੇ, ਉੱਤਰੀ ਭਾਰਤ, ਹਾੜੀ ਦੀ ਫਸਲ ਵਿੱ ਚ ਪਾਕਿਸਤਾਨ
ਅਤੇ ਨੇ ਪਾਲ ਅਤੇ ਸਾਉਣੀ ਦੀਆਂ ਫਸਲਾਂ ਇਸ ਖੇਤਰ ਦਾ ਪੇਂਡੂ ਜੀਵਨ ਨਿਰਧਾਰਤ ਕਰਦੀਆਂ ਹਨ, ਦੋ ਹੱ ਦ
ਤੱ ਕ ਵੱ ਡੀ ਘਟਨਾ ਹੈ. ਇਸੇ ਤਰ੍ਹਾਂ ਸਥਾਨਕ ਮੌਸਮ, ਧਰਤੀ, ਬਨਸਪਤੀ ਅਤੇ ਪਾਣੀ ਅਧਾਰਤ ਫਸਲਾਂ ਦਾ
ਜੀਵਨ ਉੱਤੇ ਡੂੰ ਘਾ ਪ੍ਰਭਾਵ ਪੈਂਦਾ ਹੈ
ਸੀਰੀਅਲ ਜਵਾਰ ਮੱ ਕੀ (ਮੱ ਕੀ) ਬਾਜਰੇ ਚੌਲ (ਝੋਨੇ ਅਤੇ ਡੂੰ ਘੇ ਪਾਣੀ ਦੇ
ਚੌਲ) ਫਲ ਮਸਕਮਲਨ ਗੰ ਨਾ ਤਰਬੂਜ ਸੰ ਤਰਾ ਲੂਫਾ ਬੀਜ ਪੌਦੇ ਅਰਹਰ
(ਤੂਰ) ਕਾਲਾ ਗ੍ਰਾਮ (ਉੜ) ਸੂਤੀ ਕਾਉਪੀਆ (ਚਾਵਲਾ) ਹਰਾ ਚੂਰਨ
ਮੂੰ ਗਫਲੀ ਗੁਆਰ
 A N K S
T H