Lecturer: Muhammad Salim Chapter # 01 (Matrices)

Exercise 1.2
1. Write transpose of the following matrices.
(i) , (ii) , (iii) , (iv) , (v)
Solution (i): Given that

To Find
The transpose of matrix P
So we will find
Solution (ii): Given that

To Find
The transpose of matrix Q
So we will find

Solution (iii): Given that

To Find
The transpose of matrix R
So we will find
Solution (iv): Given that

To Find
The transpose of matrix S
So we will find
Solution (v): Given that

To Find
The transpose of matrix T
So we will find
2) Which of the following matrices are transpose of each other.
i. ii. iii. iv.
Solution:
Since,

Also
=
Therefore,
The matrices A and B are transpose of each other.
Further

Also

Therefore,
The matrices C and D are transpose of each other.
3. Which of the following matrices are symmetric?
i. ii. iii. iv.
Solution (i): We are given that

To Find
The matrix A is symmetric ???
Firstly, we need to find

Since,

Therefore, the matrix A is not symmetric.

Solution (ii): We are given that

To Find
The matrix B is symmetric ???
Firstly, we need to find

Since,

Therefore, the matrix B is symmetric.

Solution (iii): We are given that

To Find
The matrix C is symmetric ???
Firstly, we need to find

Since,

Therefore, the matrix C is not symmetric.

Solution (iv): Given that

To Find
The matrix D is symmetric ???
Firstly, we need to find

Since,

Therefore, the matrix D is not symmetric.

4. Which of the following matrices are skew-symmetric?
i. ii. iii. iv.
Solution (i): We are given that

To Find
The matrix A is skew-symmetric???
Firstly, we need to find

Now we need to find –A,

–A
Since

Therefore, the matrix A is skew-symmetric.

Solution (ii): We are given that

To Find
The matrix B is skew-symmetric???
Firstly, we need to find

Now we need to find –B,

–B
Since

Therefore, the matrix B is skew-symmetric.

Solution (iii): We are given that

To Find
The matrix C is skew-symmetric???
Firstly, we need to find

Now we need to find –C,

–C
Since

Therefore, the matrix C is not skew-symmetric.

Solution (iv): We are provided that

To Find
The matrix D is skew-symmetric???
Firstly, we need to find

Now we need to find –D,

–D
Since

Therefore, the matrix D is skew-symmetric.

Interesting points to be noted:
i. If the non-diagonal elements of 2-squared matrix are same then this matrix
must be symmetric
ii. If the non-diagonal elements of 2-squared matrix are zero and other
elements are of opposite signs then this matrix must be skew-symmetric.
iii. The 3-square matrix to be skew-symmetric is lovely explained by example.